This commit was manufactured by cvs2svn to create tag

'Version_1_23_0'.

[SVN r10562]

build/bpl_static.dsp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Static Library" 0x0104
 
-CFG=bpl_static - Win32 Debug
+CFG=bpl_static - Win32 DebugPython
 !MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
 !MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
 !MESSAGE 
@@ -13,12 +13,13 @@ CFG=bpl_static - Win32 Debug
 !MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
 !MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "bpl_static.mak" CFG="bpl_static - Win32 Debug"
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "bpl_static.mak" CFG="bpl_static - Win32 DebugPython"
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE "bpl_static - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Static Library")
 !MESSAGE "bpl_static - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Static Library")
+!MESSAGE "bpl_static - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Static Library")
 !MESSAGE 
 
 # Begin Project
@@ -63,8 +64,31 @@ LIB32=link.exe -lib
 # PROP Output_Dir "Debug"
 # PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
-# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /YX /FD /GZ  /c
-# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W4 /WX /Gm /GR /GX /ZI /Od /I "..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /FR /YX /FD /GZ  /c
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W4 /WX /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /FR /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LIB32=link.exe -lib
+# ADD BASE LIB32 /nologo
+# ADD LIB32 /nologo
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "bpl_static - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "bpl_static___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "bpl_static___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MDd /W4 /WX /Gm /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /FR /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W4 /WX /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_LIB" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /FR /YX /FD /GZ /EHs /c
 # ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
 # ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
 BSC32=bscmake.exe
@@ -80,6 +104,7 @@ LIB32=link.exe -lib
 
 # Name "bpl_static - Win32 Release"
 # Name "bpl_static - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "bpl_static - Win32 DebugPython"
 # Begin Group "Source Files"
 
 # PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"

build/build.dsw

@@ -30,6 +30,40 @@ Package=<4>
 
 ###############################################################################
 
+Project: "getting_started1"=.\getting_started1\getting_started1.dsp - Package Owner=<4>
+
+Package=<5>
+{{{
+}}}
+
+Package=<4>
+{{{
+    Begin Project Dependency
+    Project_Dep_Name bpl_static
+    End Project Dependency
+}}}
+
+###############################################################################
+
+Project: "getting_started2"=.\getting_started2\getting_started2.dsp - Package Owner=<4>
+
+Package=<5>
+{{{
+    begin source code control
+    getting_started2
+    .\getting_started2
+    end source code control
+}}}
+
+Package=<4>
+{{{
+    Begin Project Dependency
+    Project_Dep_Name bpl_static
+    End Project Dependency
+}}}
+
+###############################################################################
+
 Project: "rwgk1"=.\rwgk1\rwgk1.dsp - Package Owner=<4>
 
 Package=<5>

build/como.mak

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
+# Revision History:
+# 17 Apr 01  include cross-module support, compile getting_started1 (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve) UNTESTED!
+# 06 Mar 01  Fixed typo in use of "PYTHON_LIB" (Dave Abrahams)
+# 04 Mar 01  Changed library name to libboost_python.a (David Abrahams)
+
 LIBSRC = \
     classes.cpp \
     conversions.cpp \
+    cross_module.cpp \
     extension_class.cpp \
     functions.cpp \
     init_function.cpp \
@@ -30,19 +36,20 @@ endif
             | sed 's/\($*\)\.o[ :]*/\1.o $@ : /g' > $@; \
                 [ -s $@ ] || rm -f $@
 
-example1: example1.o libpycpp.a
-	como-dyn-link -o ../example/hellomodule.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) $(PYHTON_LIB) example1.o -L. -lpycpp
-	python ../example/test_example1.py
+getting_started1: getting_started1.o libboost_python.a
+	como-dyn-link -o ../example/getting_started1.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) $(PYTHON_LIB) getting_started1.o -L. -lboost_python
+	ln -s ../test/doctest.py ../example
+	python ../example/test_getting_started1.py
 
-example1.o: ../example/example1.cpp
+getting_started1.o: ../example/getting_started1.cpp
 	como --pic $(INC) -o $*.o -c $<
 
 clean:
 	rm -rf *.o *.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) *.a *.d *.pyc *.bak a.out
 
-libpycpp.a: $(LIBOBJ)
-	rm -f libpycpp.a
-	ar cq libpycpp.a $(LIBOBJ)
+libboost_python.a: $(LIBOBJ)
+	rm -f libboost_python.a
+	ar cq libboost_python.a $(LIBOBJ)
 
 DEP = $(OBJ:.o=.d)
 

build/example1/example1.dsp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
 
-CFG=example1 - Win32 Debug
+CFG=example1 - Win32 DebugPython
 !MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
 !MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
 !MESSAGE 
@@ -13,12 +13,13 @@ CFG=example1 - Win32 Debug
 !MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
 !MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "example1.mak" CFG="example1 - Win32 Debug"
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "example1.mak" CFG="example1 - Win32 DebugPython"
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE "example1 - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE "example1 - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "example1 - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE 
 
 # Begin Project
@@ -68,8 +69,8 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 # PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
 # PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
-# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ  /c
-# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GR /GX /ZI /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ  /c
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
 # ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
@@ -79,7 +80,34 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /out:"Debug/hello.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"Debug/hello.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "example1 - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "example1___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "example1___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 1
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "EXAMPLE1_EXPORTS" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /YX /FD /GZ /EHs /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=link.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"Debug/hello.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"DebugPython/hello_d.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\src\PCbuild"
 
 !ENDIF 
 
@@ -87,6 +115,7 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 
 # Name "example1 - Win32 Release"
 # Name "example1 - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "example1 - Win32 DebugPython"
 # Begin Group "Source Files"
 
 # PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"

build/filemgr.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 use os.path, shutil
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+bpl_src = "/libs/python/src"
+bpl_tst = "/libs/python/test"
+bpl_exa = "/libs/python/example"
+files = (
+bpl_src + "/classes.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/conversions.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/extension_class.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/functions.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/init_function.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/module_builder.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/objects.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/types.cpp",
+bpl_src + "/cross_module.cpp",
+bpl_tst + "/comprehensive.cpp",
+bpl_tst + "/comprehensive.hpp",
+bpl_tst + "/comprehensive.py",
+bpl_tst + "/doctest.py",
+bpl_exa + "/abstract.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/getting_started1.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/getting_started2.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/simple_vector.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/do_it_yourself_converters.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/pickle1.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/pickle2.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/pickle3.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/test_abstract.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_getting_started1.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_getting_started2.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_simple_vector.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_do_it_yourself_converters.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_pickle1.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_pickle2.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_pickle3.py",
+bpl_exa + "/noncopyable.h",
+bpl_exa + "/noncopyable_export.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/noncopyable_import.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/dvect.h",
+bpl_exa + "/dvect.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/dvect_conversions.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/dvect_defs.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/ivect.h",
+bpl_exa + "/ivect.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/ivect_conversions.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/ivect_defs.cpp",
+bpl_exa + "/tst_noncopyable.py",
+bpl_exa + "/tst_dvect1.py",
+bpl_exa + "/tst_dvect2.py",
+bpl_exa + "/tst_ivect1.py",
+bpl_exa + "/tst_ivect2.py",
+bpl_exa + "/test_cross_module.py",
+)
+
+defs = (
+"boost_python_test",
+"abstract",
+"getting_started1",
+"getting_started2",
+"simple_vector",
+"do_it_yourself_converters",
+"pickle1",
+"pickle2",
+"pickle3",
+"noncopyable_export",
+"noncopyable_import",
+"ivect",
+"dvect",
+)
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+
+  import sys, os, shutil
+
+  path = sys.argv[1]
+  mode = sys.argv[2]
+  if (not mode in ("softlinks", "unlink", "cp", "rm", "copy", "del")):
+    raise RuntimeError, \
+      "usage: python filemgr.py path <softlinks|unlink|cp|rm|copy|del>"
+
+  if (mode in ("cp", "copy")):
+    for fn in files:
+      f = os.path.basename(fn)
+      print "Copying: " + f
+      shutil.copy(path + fn, ".")
+
+  elif (mode == "softlinks"):
+    for fn in files:
+      f = os.path.basename(fn)
+      if (os.path.exists(f)):
+        print "File exists: " + f
+      else:
+        print "Linking: " + f
+        os.symlink(path + fn, f)
+
+  elif (mode in ("rm", "del")):
+    for fn in files:
+      f = os.path.basename(fn)
+      if (os.path.exists(f)):
+        print "Removing: " + f
+        try: os.unlink(f)
+        except: pass
+
+  elif (mode == "unlink"):
+    for fn in files:
+      f = os.path.basename(fn)
+      if (os.path.exists(f)):
+        if (os.path.islink(f)):
+          print "Unlinking: " + f
+          try: os.unlink(f)
+          except: pass
+        else:
+          print "Not a softlink: " + f
+
+  if (mode in ("softlinks", "cp", "copy")):
+    for d in defs:
+      fn = d + ".def"
+      print "Creating: " + fn
+      f = open(fn, "w")
+      f.write("EXPORTS\n")
+      f.write("\tinit" + d + "\n")
+      f.close()
+
+  if (mode in ("unlink", "rm", "del")):
+    for d in defs:
+      fn = d + ".def"
+      if (os.path.exists(fn)):
+        print "Removing: " + fn
+        try: os.unlink(fn)
+        except: pass

build/gcc.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#  Revision History
+
+#  17 Apr 01 include cross-module support, compile getting_started1 (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#  17 Apr 01 build shared library (patch provided by Dan Nuffer)
+#  04 Mar 01 Changed library name to libboost_python.a, various cleanups,
+#            attempted Cygwin compatibility. Still needs testing on Linux
+#            (David Abrahams)
+
+
+LIBSRC = \
+    classes.cpp \
+    conversions.cpp \
+    cross_module.cpp \
+    extension_class.cpp \
+    functions.cpp \
+    init_function.cpp \
+    module_builder.cpp \
+    objects.cpp \
+    types.cpp
+
+LIBOBJ = $(LIBSRC:.cpp=.o)
+OBJ = $(LIBOBJ)
+
+LIBNAME = libboost_python
+# libpython2.0.dll
+
+ifeq "$(OS)" "Windows_NT"
+ROOT=c:/cygnus
+INC = -Ic:/cygnus/usr/include/g++-3 -Ic:/cygnus/usr/include -Ic:/boost -I$(PYTHON_INC)
+MODULE_EXTENSION=dll
+PYTHON_LIB=c:/cygnus/usr/local/lib/python2.0/config/libpython2.0.dll.a
+SHARED_LIB = $(LIBNAME).dll
+else
+PYTHON_INC=$(ROOT)/usr/local/Python-2.0/include/python2.0
+BOOST_INC=../../..
+INC = -I$(BOOST_INC) -I$(PYTHON_INC)
+MODULE_EXTENSION=so
+VERSION=1
+SHARED_LIB = $(LIBNAME).so.$(VERSION)
+endif
+
+%.o: ../src/%.cpp
+	g++ -fPIC -Wall -W $(INC) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $*.o -c $<
+
+%.d: ../src/%.cpp
+	@echo creating $@
+	@set -e; g++ -M $(INC) -c $< \
+            | sed 's/\($*\)\.o[ :]*/\1.o $@ : /g' > $@; \
+                [ -s $@ ] || rm -f $@
+
+
+PYTHON = python
+
+all: test $(SHARED_LIB) getting_started1
+
+test: comprehensive.o $(LIBNAME).a $(SHARED_LIB)
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -o ../test/boost_python_test.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) comprehensive.o -L. -lboost_python  $(PYTHON_LIB)
+	$(PYTHON) ../test/comprehensive.py
+
+comprehensive.o: ../test/comprehensive.cpp
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) --template-depth-32 -fPIC -Wall -W $(INC) -o $*.o -c $<
+
+
+getting_started1: getting_started1.o $(LIBNAME).a
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -o ../example/getting_started1.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) getting_started1.o -L. -lboost_python  $(PYTHON_LIB)
+	ln -s ../test/doctest.py ../example
+	$(PYTHON) ../example/test_getting_started1.py
+
+getting_started1.o: ../example/getting_started1.cpp
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) --template-depth-32 -fPIC -Wall -W $(INC) -o $*.o -c $<
+
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.o *.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) *.a *.d *.pyc *.bak a.out
+
+$(LIBNAME).a: $(LIBOBJ)
+	rm -f $@
+	ar cqs $@ $(LIBOBJ)
+
+$(SHARED_LIB): $(LIBOBJ)
+	g++ $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -o $@ -Wl,--soname=$(LIBNAME).$(MODULE_EXTENSION)
+
+DEP = $(OBJ:.o=.d)
+
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
+include $(DEP)
+endif

build/getting_started1/getting_started1.dsp

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# Microsoft Developer Studio Project File - Name="getting_started1" - Package Owner=<4>
+# Microsoft Developer Studio Generated Build File, Format Version 6.00
+# ** DO NOT EDIT **
+
+# TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
+
+CFG=getting_started1 - Win32 DebugPython
+!MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
+!MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "getting_started1.mak".
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
+!MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "getting_started1.mak" CFG="getting_started1 - Win32 DebugPython"
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE "getting_started1 - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "getting_started1 - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "getting_started1 - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE 
+
+# Begin Project
+# PROP AllowPerConfigDependencies 0
+# PROP Scc_ProjName ""
+# PROP Scc_LocalPath ""
+CPP=xicl6.exe
+MTL=midl.exe
+RSC=rc.exe
+
+!IF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started1 - Win32 Release"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 0
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Release"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Release"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 0
+# PROP Output_Dir "Release"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Release"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MD /W3 /GR /GX /O2 /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386 /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started1 - Win32 Debug"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /GR /GX /ZI /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started1 - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 1
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /pdb:"DebugPython/boost_python_test_d.pdb" /debug /machine:I386 /out:"DebugPython/getting_started1_d.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\src\PCbuild"
+# SUBTRACT LINK32 /pdb:none
+
+!ENDIF 
+
+# Begin Target
+
+# Name "getting_started1 - Win32 Release"
+# Name "getting_started1 - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "getting_started1 - Win32 DebugPython"
+# Begin Group "Source Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"
+# Begin Source File
+
+SOURCE=..\..\example\getting_started1.cpp
+# End Source File
+# End Group
+# Begin Group "Header Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "h;hpp;hxx;hm;inl"
+# End Group
+# Begin Group "Resource Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe"
+# End Group
+# End Target
+# End Project

build/getting_started2/getting_started2.dsp

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# Microsoft Developer Studio Project File - Name="getting_started2" - Package Owner=<4>
+# Microsoft Developer Studio Generated Build File, Format Version 6.00
+# ** DO NOT EDIT **
+
+# TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
+
+CFG=getting_started2 - Win32 DebugPython
+!MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
+!MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "getting_started2.mak".
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
+!MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "getting_started2.mak" CFG="getting_started2 - Win32 DebugPython"
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
+!MESSAGE 
+!MESSAGE "getting_started2 - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "getting_started2 - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "getting_started2 - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE 
+
+# Begin Project
+# PROP AllowPerConfigDependencies 0
+# PROP Scc_ProjName "getting_started2"
+# PROP Scc_LocalPath "."
+CPP=xicl6.exe
+MTL=midl.exe
+RSC=rc.exe
+
+!IF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started2 - Win32 Release"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 0
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Release"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Release"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 0
+# PROP Output_Dir "Release"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Release"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MD /W3 /GR /GX /O2 /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /machine:I386 /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started2 - Win32 Debug"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /FR /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "getting_started2 - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "getting_started2___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "getting_started2___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "getting_started2___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "getting_started2___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 1
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /FR /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=xilink6.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /subsystem:windows /dll /debug /machine:I386 /out:"DebugPython/getting_started2_d.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\src\pcbuild"
+
+!ENDIF 
+
+# Begin Target
+
+# Name "getting_started2 - Win32 Release"
+# Name "getting_started2 - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "getting_started2 - Win32 DebugPython"
+# Begin Group "Source Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"
+# Begin Source File
+
+SOURCE=..\..\example\getting_started2.cpp
+# End Source File
+# End Group
+# Begin Group "Header Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "h;hpp;hxx;hm;inl"
+# End Group
+# Begin Group "Resource Files"
+
+# PROP Default_Filter "ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe"
+# End Group
+# End Target
+# End Project

build/irix_CC.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# Usage:
+#
+#   Create a new empty directory anywhere (preferably not in the boost tree).
+#   Copy this Makefile to that new directory and rename it to "Makefile"
+#   Adjust the pathnames below.
+#
+#   make softlinks     Create softlinks to source code and tests
+#   make               Compile all sources
+#   make test          Run doctest tests
+#   make clean         Remove all object files
+#   make unlink        Remove softlinks
+#
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 new macro ROOT to simplify configuration (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+ROOT=$(HOME)
+BOOST=$(ROOT)/boost
+
+PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/bin/python
+PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/include/python1.5
+#PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-2.0/bin/python
+#PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-2.0/include/python2.0
+STLPORTINC=-I$(BOOST)/boost/compatibility/cpp_c_headers
+
+STDOPTS=
+WARNOPTS=-woff 1001,1234,1682
+OPTOPTS=-g
+
+CPP=CC -LANG:std -n32 -mips4
+CPPOPTS=$(STLPORTINC) $(STLPORTOPTS) -I$(BOOST) $(PYINC) \
+        $(STDOPTS) $(WARNOPTS) $(OPTOPTS)
+MAKEDEP=-M
+
+LD=CC -LANG:std -n32 -mips4
+LDOPTS=-shared
+
+OBJ=classes.o conversions.o extension_class.o functions.o \
+    init_function.o module_builder.o \
+    objects.o types.o cross_module.o
+DEPOBJ=$(OBJ) \
+       comprehensive.o \
+       abstract.o \
+       getting_started1.o getting_started2.o \
+       simple_vector.o \
+       do_it_yourself_converters.o \
+       pickle1.o pickle2.o pickle3.o \
+       noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_import.o \
+       ivect.o dvect.o
+
+.SUFFIXES: .o .cpp
+
+all: libboost_python.a \
+     boost_python_test.so \
+     abstract.so \
+     getting_started1.so getting_started2.so \
+     simple_vector.so \
+     do_it_yourself_converters.so \
+     pickle1.so pickle2.so pickle3.so \
+     noncopyable_export.so noncopyable_import.so \
+     ivect.so dvect.so
+
+libboost_python.a: $(OBJ)
+	rm -f libboost_python.a
+	$(CPP) -ar -o libboost_python.a $(OBJ)
+
+boost_python_test.so: $(OBJ) comprehensive.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) comprehensive.o -o boost_python_test.so -lm
+
+abstract.so: $(OBJ) abstract.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) abstract.o -o abstract.so
+
+getting_started1.so: $(OBJ) getting_started1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started1.o -o getting_started1.so
+
+getting_started2.so: $(OBJ) getting_started2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started2.o -o getting_started2.so
+
+simple_vector.so: $(OBJ) simple_vector.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) simple_vector.o -o simple_vector.so
+
+do_it_yourself_converters.so: $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o -o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+
+pickle1.so: $(OBJ) pickle1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle1.o -o pickle1.so
+
+pickle2.so: $(OBJ) pickle2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle2.o -o pickle2.so
+
+pickle3.so: $(OBJ) pickle3.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle3.o -o pickle3.so
+
+noncopyable_export.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_export.o -o noncopyable_export.so
+
+noncopyable_import.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_import.o -o noncopyable_import.so
+
+ivect.so: $(OBJ) ivect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) ivect.o -o ivect.so
+
+dvect.so: $(OBJ) dvect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) dvect.o -o dvect.so
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) -c $*.cpp
+
+test:
+	$(PYEXE) comprehensive.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_abstract.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_simple_vector.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_do_it_yourself_converters.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle3.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_cross_module.py
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJ) libboost_python.a libboost_python.a.input
+	rm -f comprehensive.o boost_python_test.so
+	rm -f abstract.o abstract.so
+	rm -f getting_started1.o getting_started1.so
+	rm -f getting_started2.o getting_started2.so
+	rm -f simple_vector.o simple_vector.so
+	rm -f do_it_yourself_converters.o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+	rm -f pickle1.o pickle1.so
+	rm -f pickle2.o pickle2.so
+	rm -f pickle3.o pickle3.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_export.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_import.o noncopyable_import.so
+	rm -f ivect.o ivect.so
+	rm -f dvect.o dvect.so
+	rm -f so_locations *.pyc
+	rm -rf ii_files
+
+softlinks:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) softlinks
+
+unlink:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) unlink
+
+cp:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) cp
+
+rm:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) rm
+
+depend:
+	@ cat Makefile.nodepend; \
+          for obj in $(DEPOBJ); \
+          do \
+            bn=`echo "$$obj" | cut -d. -f1`; \
+            $(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) $(MAKEDEP) "$$bn".cpp; \
+          done
+

build/linux_gcc.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# Usage:
+#
+#   Create a new empty directory anywhere (preferably not in the boost tree).
+#   Copy this Makefile to that new directory and rename it to "Makefile"
+#   Adjust the pathnames below.
+#
+#   make softlinks     Create softlinks to source code and tests
+#   make               Compile all sources
+#   make test          Run doctest tests
+#   make clean         Remove all object files
+#   make unlink        Remove softlinks
+#
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 new macro ROOT to simplify configuration (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+ROOT=$(HOME)
+BOOST=$(ROOT)/boost
+
+PYEXE=PYTHONPATH=. /usr/bin/python
+PYINC=-I/usr/include/python1.5
+#PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/bin/python
+#PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/include/python1.5
+#PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-2.0/bin/python
+#PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-2.0/include/python2.0
+
+STDOPTS=-fPIC -ftemplate-depth-21
+WARNOPTS=
+OPTOPTS=-g
+
+CPP=g++
+CPPOPTS=$(STLPORTINC) $(STLPORTOPTS) -I$(BOOST) $(PYINC) \
+        $(STDOPTS) $(WARNOPTS) $(OPTOPTS)
+MAKEDEP=-M
+
+LD=$(CPP)
+LDOPTS=-shared
+
+OBJ=classes.o conversions.o extension_class.o functions.o \
+    init_function.o module_builder.o \
+    objects.o types.o cross_module.o
+DEPOBJ=$(OBJ) \
+       comprehensive.o \
+       abstract.o \
+       getting_started1.o getting_started2.o \
+       simple_vector.o \
+       do_it_yourself_converters.o \
+       pickle1.o pickle2.o pickle3.o \
+       noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_import.o \
+       ivect.o dvect.o
+
+.SUFFIXES: .o .cpp
+
+all: libboost_python.a \
+     boost_python_test.so \
+     abstract.so \
+     getting_started1.so getting_started2.so \
+     simple_vector.so \
+     do_it_yourself_converters.so \
+     pickle1.so pickle2.so pickle3.so \
+     noncopyable_export.so noncopyable_import.so \
+     ivect.so dvect.so
+
+libboost_python.a: $(OBJ)
+	rm -f libboost_python.a
+	ar r libboost_python.a $(OBJ)
+
+boost_python_test.so: $(OBJ) comprehensive.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) comprehensive.o -o boost_python_test.so -lm
+
+abstract.so: $(OBJ) abstract.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) abstract.o -o abstract.so
+
+getting_started1.so: $(OBJ) getting_started1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started1.o -o getting_started1.so
+
+getting_started2.so: $(OBJ) getting_started2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started2.o -o getting_started2.so
+
+simple_vector.so: $(OBJ) simple_vector.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) simple_vector.o -o simple_vector.so
+
+do_it_yourself_converters.so: $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o -o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+
+pickle1.so: $(OBJ) pickle1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle1.o -o pickle1.so
+
+pickle2.so: $(OBJ) pickle2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle2.o -o pickle2.so
+
+pickle3.so: $(OBJ) pickle3.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle3.o -o pickle3.so
+
+noncopyable_export.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_export.o -o noncopyable_export.so
+
+noncopyable_import.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_import.o -o noncopyable_import.so
+
+ivect.so: $(OBJ) ivect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) ivect.o -o ivect.so
+
+dvect.so: $(OBJ) dvect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) dvect.o -o dvect.so
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) -c $*.cpp
+
+test:
+	$(PYEXE) comprehensive.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_abstract.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_simple_vector.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_do_it_yourself_converters.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle3.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_cross_module.py
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJ) libboost_python.a libboost_python.a.input
+	rm -f comprehensive.o boost_python_test.so
+	rm -f abstract.o abstract.so
+	rm -f getting_started1.o getting_started1.so
+	rm -f getting_started2.o getting_started2.so
+	rm -f simple_vector.o simple_vector.so
+	rm -f do_it_yourself_converters.o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+	rm -f pickle1.o pickle1.so
+	rm -f pickle2.o pickle2.so
+	rm -f pickle3.o pickle3.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_export.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_import.o noncopyable_import.so
+	rm -f ivect.o ivect.so
+	rm -f dvect.o dvect.so
+	rm -f so_locations *.pyc
+
+softlinks:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) softlinks
+
+unlink:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) unlink
+
+cp:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) cp
+
+rm:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) rm
+
+depend:
+	@ cat Makefile.nodepend; \
+          for obj in $(DEPOBJ); \
+          do \
+            bn=`echo "$$obj" | cut -d. -f1`; \
+            $(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) $(MAKEDEP) "$$bn".cpp; \
+          done
+

build/mingw32.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# Usage:
+#
+#   make copy          Copy the sources and tests
+#   make               Compile all sources
+#   make test          Run doctest tests
+#   make clean         Remove all object files
+#   make del           Remove the sources and tests
+#
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 new macro ROOT to simplify configuration (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+# To install mingw32, follow instructions at:
+#   http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/Notes.html
+# In particular, install:
+#   ftp://ftp.xraylith.wisc.edu/pub/khan/gnu-win32/mingw32/gcc-2.95.2/gcc-2.95.2-msvcrt.exe
+#   ftp://ftp.xraylith.wisc.edu/pub/khan/gnu-win32/mingw32/gcc-2.95.2/fixes/quote-fix-msvcrt.exe
+#   http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/Python-1.5.2-mingw32.zip
+# Unpack the first two archives in the default locations and update your PATH.
+# Unpack the third archive in \usr.
+
+# Note: comprehensive.cpp generates compiler errors and later crashes.
+#   L:\boost\boost\python\detail\extension_class.hpp:643: warning:
+#   alignment of `vtable for class
+#   boost::python::detail::held_instance<bpl_test::Derived1>'
+#   is greater than maximum object file alignment. Using 16.
+# Could this be fixed with compiler options?
+# -fhuge-objects looks interesting, but requires recompiling the C++ library.
+#                (what exactly does that mean?)
+# -fvtable-thunks eliminates the compiler warning, but
+#                 "import boost_python_test" still causes a crash.
+
+ROOT=L:
+BOOST_WIN="$(ROOT)\boost"
+BOOST_UNIX=$(HOME)/boost
+
+PYEXE="C:\Program files\Python\python.exe"
+PYINC=-I"C:\usr\include\python1.5"
+PYLIB="C:\usr\lib\libpython15.a"
+
+STDOPTS=-ftemplate-depth-21
+WARNOPTS=
+OPTOPTS=-g
+
+CPP=g++
+CPPOPTS=$(STLPORTINC) $(STLPORTOPTS) -I$(BOOST_WIN) $(PYINC) \
+        $(STDOPTS) $(WARNOPTS) $(OPTOPTS)
+
+LD=g++
+LDOPTS=-shared
+
+OBJ=classes.o conversions.o extension_class.o functions.o \
+    init_function.o module_builder.o \
+    objects.o types.o cross_module.o
+
+.SUFFIXES: .o .cpp
+
+all: libboost_python.a \
+     abstract.pyd \
+     getting_started1.pyd getting_started2.pyd \
+     simple_vector.pyd \
+     do_it_yourself_converters.pyd \
+     pickle1.pyd pickle2.pyd pickle3.pyd \
+     noncopyable_export.pyd noncopyable_import.pyd \
+     ivect.pyd dvect.pyd
+
+libboost_python.a: $(OBJ)
+	del libboost_python.a
+	ar r libboost_python.a $(OBJ)
+
+DLLWRAPOPTS=-s --driver-name g++ -s \
+            --entry _DllMainCRTStartup@12 --target=i386-mingw32
+
+boost_python_test.pyd: $(OBJ) comprehensive.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname boost_python_test.pyd \
+          --def boost_python_test.def \
+          $(OBJ) comprehensive.o $(PYLIB)
+
+abstract.pyd: $(OBJ) abstract.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname abstract.pyd \
+          --def abstract.def \
+          $(OBJ) abstract.o $(PYLIB)
+
+getting_started1.pyd: $(OBJ) getting_started1.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname getting_started1.pyd \
+          --def getting_started1.def \
+          $(OBJ) getting_started1.o $(PYLIB)
+
+getting_started2.pyd: $(OBJ) getting_started2.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname getting_started2.pyd \
+          --def getting_started2.def \
+          $(OBJ) getting_started2.o $(PYLIB)
+
+simple_vector.pyd: $(OBJ) simple_vector.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname simple_vector.pyd \
+          --def simple_vector.def \
+          $(OBJ) simple_vector.o $(PYLIB)
+
+do_it_yourself_converters.pyd: $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname do_it_yourself_converters.pyd \
+          --def do_it_yourself_converters.def \
+          $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o $(PYLIB)
+
+pickle1.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle1.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname pickle1.pyd \
+          --def pickle1.def \
+          $(OBJ) pickle1.o $(PYLIB)
+
+pickle2.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle2.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname pickle2.pyd \
+          --def pickle2.def \
+          $(OBJ) pickle2.o $(PYLIB)
+
+pickle3.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle3.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname pickle3.pyd \
+          --def pickle3.def \
+          $(OBJ) pickle3.o $(PYLIB)
+
+noncopyable_export.pyd: $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname noncopyable_export.pyd \
+          --def noncopyable_export.def \
+          $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.o $(PYLIB)
+
+noncopyable_import.pyd: $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname noncopyable_import.pyd \
+          --def noncopyable_import.def \
+          $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.o $(PYLIB)
+
+ivect.pyd: $(OBJ) ivect.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname ivect.pyd \
+          --def ivect.def \
+          $(OBJ) ivect.o $(PYLIB)
+
+dvect.pyd: $(OBJ) dvect.o
+	dllwrap $(DLLWRAPOPTS) \
+          --dllname dvect.pyd \
+          --def dvect.def \
+          $(OBJ) dvect.o $(PYLIB)
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) -c $*.cpp
+
+test:
+#	$(PYEXE) comprehensive.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_abstract.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_simple_vector.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_do_it_yourself_converters.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle3.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_cross_module.py
+
+clean:
+	del *.o
+	del *.a
+	del *.pyd
+	del *.pyc
+
+softlinks:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) softlinks
+
+unlink:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) unlink
+
+cp:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) cp
+
+rm:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) rm
+
+copy:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST_WIN)\libs\python\build\filemgr.py $(BOOST_WIN) copy
+
+del:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST_WIN)\libs\python\build\filemgr.py $(BOOST_WIN) del

build/rwgk1/rwgk1.dsp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
 
-CFG=rwgk1 - Win32 Debug
+CFG=rwgk1 - Win32 DebugPython
 !MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
 !MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
 !MESSAGE 
@@ -13,12 +13,13 @@ CFG=rwgk1 - Win32 Debug
 !MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
 !MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "rwgk1.mak" CFG="rwgk1 - Win32 Debug"
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "rwgk1.mak" CFG="rwgk1 - Win32 DebugPython"
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE "rwgk1 - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE "rwgk1 - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "rwgk1 - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE 
 
 # Begin Project
@@ -65,9 +66,10 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 # PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
 # PROP Output_Dir "Debug"
 # PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
 # ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "RWGK1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
-# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "RWGK1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "RWGK1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
 # ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
@@ -77,7 +79,34 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "rwgk1 - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "rwgk1___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "rwgk1___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 1
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "RWGK1_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "RWGK1_EXPORTS" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=link.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"DebugPython/rwgk1_d.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"C:\tools\python\src\PCbuild"
 
 !ENDIF 
 
@@ -85,6 +114,7 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 
 # Name "rwgk1 - Win32 Release"
 # Name "rwgk1 - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "rwgk1 - Win32 DebugPython"
 # Begin Group "Source Files"
 
 # PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"

build/test/test.dsp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
 
-CFG=test - Win32 Debug
+CFG=test - Win32 DebugPython
 !MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
 !MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
 !MESSAGE 
@@ -13,12 +13,13 @@ CFG=test - Win32 Debug
 !MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
 !MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "test.mak" CFG="test - Win32 Debug"
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "test.mak" CFG="test - Win32 DebugPython"
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE "test - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE "test - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "test - Win32 DebugPython" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE 
 
 # Begin Project
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ RSC=rc.exe
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
 # ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MT /W3 /GX /O2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /c
 # ADD CPP /nologo /MD /W3 /GR /GX /O2 /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /Zm200 /c
+# SUBTRACT CPP /Fr
 # ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD MTL /nologo /D "NDEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "NDEBUG"
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /machine:I386
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /machine:I386 /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /machine:I386 /out:"Release/boost_python_test.dll" /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
 
 !ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "test - Win32 Debug"
 
@@ -68,8 +70,9 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 # PROP Intermediate_Dir "Debug"
 # PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
-# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ  /c
-# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GR /GX /ZI /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /Zm200 /c
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MTd /W3 /Gm /GX /ZI /Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /Zm200 /c
+# SUBTRACT CPP /Fr
 # ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
 # ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
@@ -79,7 +82,36 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"Debug/boost_python_test.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# SUBTRACT LINK32 /pdb:none
+
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "test - Win32 DebugPython"
+
+# PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
+# PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP BASE Output_Dir "test___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Intermediate_Dir "test___Win32_DebugPython"
+# PROP BASE Ignore_Export_Lib 0
+# PROP BASE Target_Dir ""
+# PROP Use_MFC 0
+# PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
+# PROP Output_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "DebugPython"
+# PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 1
+# PROP Target_Dir ""
+# ADD BASE CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /YX /FD /GZ /Zm200 /c
+# ADD CPP /nologo /MDd /W3 /Gm- /GR /GX /Zi /Od /I "..\..\..\.." /I "c:\tools\python\include" /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_MBCS" /D "_USRDLL" /D "TEST_EXPORTS" /D "BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON" /YX /FD /GZ /Zm200 /EHs /c
+# ADD BASE MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD MTL /nologo /D "_DEBUG" /mktyplib203 /win32
+# ADD BASE RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+# ADD RSC /l 0x409 /d "_DEBUG"
+BSC32=bscmake.exe
+# ADD BASE BSC32 /nologo
+# ADD BSC32 /nologo
+LINK32=link.exe
+# ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\libs"
+# SUBTRACT BASE LINK32 /pdb:none
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /incremental:no /debug /machine:I386 /out:"DebugPython/boost_python_test_d.dll" /pdbtype:sept /libpath:"c:\tools\python\src\PCbuild"
 # SUBTRACT LINK32 /pdb:none
 
 !ENDIF 
@@ -88,6 +120,7 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 
 # Name "test - Win32 Release"
 # Name "test - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "test - Win32 DebugPython"
 # Begin Group "Source Files"
 
 # PROP Default_Filter "cpp;c;cxx;rc;def;r;odl;idl;hpj;bat"

build/tru64_cxx.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+# Usage:
+#
+#   Create a new empty directory anywhere (preferably not in the boost tree).
+#   Copy this Makefile to that new directory and rename it to "Makefile"
+#   Adjust the pathnames below.
+#
+#   make softlinks     Create softlinks to source code and tests
+#   make               Compile all sources
+#   make test          Run doctest tests
+#   make clean         Remove all object files
+#   make unlink        Remove softlinks
+#
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 new macro ROOT to simplify configuration (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+ROOT=$(HOME)
+BOOST=$(ROOT)/boost
+
+PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/bin/python
+PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-1.5.2/include/python1.5
+#PYEXE=/usr/local/Python-2.0/bin/python
+#PYINC=-I/usr/local/Python-2.0/include/python2.0
+#STLPORTINC=-I/usr/local/STLport-4.1b3/stlport
+#STLPORTINC=-I/usr/local/STLport-4.1b4/stlport
+#STLPORTOPTS= \
+# -D__USE_STD_IOSTREAM \
+# -D__STL_NO_SGI_IOSTREAMS \
+# -D__STL_USE_NATIVE_STRING \
+# -D__STL_NO_NEW_C_HEADERS \
+# -D_RWSTD_COMPILE_INSTANTIATE=1
+STLPORTINC=-I$(BOOST)/boost/compatibility/cpp_c_headers
+
+STDOPTS=-std strict_ansi
+# use -msg_display_number to obtain integer tags for -msg_disable
+WARNOPTS=-msg_disable 186,450,1115
+OPTOPTS=-g
+
+CPP=cxx
+CPPOPTS=$(STLPORTINC) $(STLPORTOPTS) -I$(BOOST) $(PYINC) \
+        $(STDOPTS) $(WARNOPTS) $(OPTOPTS)
+MAKEDEP=-Em
+
+LD=cxx
+LDOPTS=-shared -expect_unresolved 'Py*' -expect_unresolved '_Py*'
+
+#HIDDEN=-hidden
+
+OBJ=classes.o conversions.o extension_class.o functions.o \
+    init_function.o module_builder.o \
+    objects.o types.o cross_module.o
+DEPOBJ=$(OBJ) \
+       comprehensive.o \
+       abstract.o \
+       getting_started1.o getting_started2.o \
+       simple_vector.o \
+       do_it_yourself_converters.o \
+       pickle1.o pickle2.o pickle3.o \
+       noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_import.o \
+       ivect.o dvect.o
+
+.SUFFIXES: .o .cpp
+
+all: libboost_python.a \
+     boost_python_test.so \
+     abstract.so \
+     getting_started1.so getting_started2.so \
+     simple_vector.so \
+     do_it_yourself_converters.so \
+     pickle1.so pickle2.so pickle3.so \
+     noncopyable_export.so noncopyable_import.so \
+     ivect.so dvect.so
+
+libboost_python.a: $(OBJ)
+	rm -f libboost_python.a
+	cd cxx_repository; \
+          ls -1 > ../libboost_python.a.input; \
+          ar r ../libboost_python.a -input ../libboost_python.a.input
+	rm -f libboost_python.a.input
+	ar r libboost_python.a $(OBJ)
+
+boost_python_test.so: $(OBJ) comprehensive.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) comprehensive.o -o boost_python_test.so -lm
+
+abstract.so: $(OBJ) abstract.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) abstract.o -o abstract.so
+
+getting_started1.so: $(OBJ) getting_started1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started1.o -o getting_started1.so
+
+getting_started2.so: $(OBJ) getting_started2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started2.o -o getting_started2.so
+
+simple_vector.so: $(OBJ) simple_vector.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) simple_vector.o -o simple_vector.so
+
+do_it_yourself_converters.so: $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.o -o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+
+pickle1.so: $(OBJ) pickle1.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle1.o -o pickle1.so
+
+pickle2.so: $(OBJ) pickle2.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle2.o -o pickle2.so
+
+pickle3.so: $(OBJ) pickle3.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle3.o -o pickle3.so
+
+noncopyable_export.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_export.o -o noncopyable_export.so
+
+noncopyable_import.so: $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) \
+          noncopyable_import.o -o noncopyable_import.so
+
+ivect.so: $(OBJ) ivect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) ivect.o -o ivect.so
+
+dvect.so: $(OBJ) dvect.o
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) $(HIDDEN) dvect.o -o dvect.so
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) -c $*.cpp
+
+test:
+	$(PYEXE) comprehensive.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_abstract.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_simple_vector.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_do_it_yourself_converters.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle3.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_cross_module.py
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJ) libboost_python.a libboost_python.a.input
+	rm -f comprehensive.o boost_python_test.so
+	rm -f abstract.o abstract.so
+	rm -f getting_started1.o getting_started1.so
+	rm -f getting_started2.o getting_started2.so
+	rm -f simple_vector.o simple_vector.so
+	rm -f do_it_yourself_converters.o do_it_yourself_converters.so
+	rm -f pickle1.o pickle1.so
+	rm -f pickle2.o pickle2.so
+	rm -f pickle3.o pickle3.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_export.o noncopyable_export.so
+	rm -f noncopyable_import.o noncopyable_import.so
+	rm -f ivect.o ivect.so
+	rm -f dvect.o dvect.so
+	rm -f so_locations *.pyc
+	rm -rf cxx_repository
+
+softlinks:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) softlinks
+
+unlink:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) unlink
+
+cp:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) cp
+
+rm:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST) rm
+
+depend:
+	@ cat Makefile.nodepend; \
+          for obj in $(DEPOBJ); \
+          do \
+            bn=`echo "$$obj" | cut -d. -f1`; \
+            $(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) $(MAKEDEP) "$$bn".cpp; \
+          done
+

build/vc60.mak

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+# Usage:
+#
+#   make copy          Copy the sources and tests
+#   make               Compile all sources
+#   make test          Run doctest tests
+#   make clean         Remove all object files
+#   make del           Remove the sources and tests
+#
+# Revision history:
+#   12 Apr 01 new macro ROOT to simplify configuration (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+#   Initial version: R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+ROOT=L:
+BOOST_WIN="$(ROOT)\boost"
+BOOST_UNIX=$(HOME)/boost
+
+PYEXE="C:\Program files\Python\python.exe"
+PYINC=/I"C:\Program files\Python\include"
+PYLIB="C:\Program files\Python\libs\python15.lib"
+
+STDOPTS=/nologo /MD /GR /GX /Zm200
+WARNOPTS=
+OPTOPTS=
+
+CPP=cl.exe
+CPPOPTS=$(STLPORTINC) $(STLPORTOPTS) /I$(BOOST_WIN) $(PYINC) \
+        $(STDOPTS) $(WARNOPTS) $(OPTOPTS)
+
+LD=link.exe
+LDOPTS=/nologo /dll /incremental:no
+
+OBJ=classes.obj conversions.obj extension_class.obj functions.obj \
+    init_function.obj module_builder.obj \
+    objects.obj types.obj cross_module.obj
+
+.SUFFIXES: .obj .cpp
+
+all: boost_python.lib \
+     boost_python_test.pyd \
+     abstract.pyd \
+     getting_started1.pyd getting_started2.pyd \
+     simple_vector.pyd \
+     do_it_yourself_converters.pyd \
+     pickle1.pyd pickle2.pyd pickle3.pyd \
+     noncopyable_export.pyd noncopyable_import.pyd \
+     ivect.pyd dvect.pyd
+
+boost_python.lib: $(OBJ)
+	$(LD) -lib /nologo /out:boost_python.lib $(OBJ)
+
+boost_python_test.pyd: $(OBJ) comprehensive.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) comprehensive.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initboost_python_test /out:"boost_python_test.pyd"
+
+abstract.pyd: $(OBJ) abstract.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) abstract.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initabstract /out:"abstract.pyd"
+
+getting_started1.pyd: $(OBJ) getting_started1.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started1.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initgetting_started1 /out:"getting_started1.pyd"
+
+getting_started2.pyd: $(OBJ) getting_started2.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) getting_started2.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initgetting_started2 /out:"getting_started2.pyd"
+
+simple_vector.pyd: $(OBJ) simple_vector.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) simple_vector.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initsimple_vector /out:"simple_vector.pyd"
+
+do_it_yourself_converters.pyd: $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) do_it_yourself_converters.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initdo_it_yourself_converters /out:"do_it_yourself_converters.pyd"
+
+pickle1.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle1.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle1.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initpickle1 /out:"pickle1.pyd"
+
+pickle2.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle2.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle2.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initpickle2 /out:"pickle2.pyd"
+
+pickle3.pyd: $(OBJ) pickle3.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) pickle3.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initpickle3 /out:"pickle3.pyd"
+
+noncopyable_export.pyd: $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) noncopyable_export.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initnoncopyable_export /out:"noncopyable_export.pyd"
+
+noncopyable_import.pyd: $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) noncopyable_import.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initnoncopyable_import /out:"noncopyable_import.pyd"
+
+ivect.pyd: $(OBJ) ivect.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) ivect.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initivect /out:"ivect.pyd"
+
+dvect.pyd: $(OBJ) dvect.obj
+	$(LD) $(LDOPTS) $(OBJ) dvect.obj $(PYLIB) /export:initdvect /out:"dvect.pyd"
+
+.cpp.obj:
+	$(CPP) $(CPPOPTS) /c $*.cpp
+
+test:
+	$(PYEXE) comprehensive.py --broken-auto-ptr 
+	$(PYEXE) test_abstract.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_getting_started2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_simple_vector.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_do_it_yourself_converters.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle1.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle2.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_pickle3.py
+	$(PYEXE) test_cross_module.py --broken-auto-ptr
+
+clean:
+	del *.obj
+	del *.lib
+	del *.exp
+	del *.idb
+	del *.pyd
+	del *.pyc
+
+softlinks:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) softlinks
+
+unlink:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) unlink
+
+cp:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) cp
+
+rm:
+	python $(BOOST_UNIX)/libs/python/build/filemgr.py $(BOOST_UNIX) rm
+
+copy:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST_WIN)\libs\python\build\filemgr.py $(BOOST_WIN) copy
+
+del:
+	$(PYEXE) $(BOOST_WIN)\libs\python\build\filemgr.py $(BOOST_WIN) del

doc/building.html

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
+
+    <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
+
+    <title>Building an Extension Module</title>
+
+    <div>
+      <h1><img width="277" height="86" align="center" src=
+      "../../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)">Building an
+      Extension Module</h1>
+
+      <p>The build process for Boost is currently undergoing some evolution,
+      and, it is to be hoped, improvement. The following facts may help:
+
+      <hr>
+      Makefiles for various platforms and a Visual Studio project
+      reside in the Boost subdirectory <tt>libs/python/build</tt>.
+      Build targets include:
+
+      <ul>
+        <li>The <tt>boost_python</tt> library for static linking with your
+        extension module. On the various Unices, this library will be
+        called <tt>libboost_python.a</tt>. When using Visual C++, the
+        library will be called <tt>boost_python.lib</tt>.
+
+        <p>
+        <li>A comprehensive test of Boost.Python features. This test builds
+        a Boost.Python extension module, then runs Python to import the
+        module, and runs a series of tests on it using <tt><a href=
+        "../test/doctest.py">doctest</a></tt>. Source code for the module
+        and tests is available in the Boost subdirectory
+        <tt>libs/python/test</tt>.
+
+        <p>
+        <li>Various examples from the Boost subdirectory
+        <tt>libs/python/example</tt>.
+        All these examples include a doctest modeled
+        on the comprehensive test above.
+
+      </ul>
+
+      <hr>
+      There is a group of makefiles with support for simultaneous
+      compilation on multiple platforms and a consistent set of
+      features that build the <tt>boost_python</tt> library for static
+      linking, the comprehensive test, and all examples in
+      <tt>libs/python/example</tt>:
+
+      <ul>
+        <li><a href="../build/vc60.mak">vc60.mak</a>:
+        Visual C++ 6.0 Service Pack 4
+
+        <li><a href="../build/mingw32.mak">mingw32.mak</a>:
+        mingw32 (Win32-targeted) gcc 2.95.2
+
+        <li><a href="../build/linux_gcc.mak">linux_gcc.mak</a>:
+        gcc 2.95.2 on Linux/Unix
+
+        <li><a href="../build/tru64_cxx.mak">tru64_cxx.mak</a>:
+        Compaq Alpha using the Compaq cxx compiler
+
+        <li><a href="../build/irix_CC.mak">irix_CC.mak</a>:
+        Silicon Graphics IRIX 6.5 CC compiler
+
+      </ul>
+      <a href="http://cctbx.sourceforge.net/page_installation_adv.html#installation_boost_python"
+      >Usage of these makefiles is described here.</a>
+
+      <hr>
+      There is another group of makefiles for GNU make.
+      These makefiles are less redundant than the makefiles
+      in the group above,
+      but the list of compilation targets is not as complete
+      and there is no support for simultaneous compilation
+      on multiple platforms.
+
+      <ul>
+        <li><a href="../build/como.mak">como.mak</a>:
+        Comeau C++ on Linux
+
+        <li><a href="../build/gcc.mak">gcc.mak</a>:
+        GCC on Linux/Unix.
+
+      </ul>
+
+      <hr>
+      A project workspace for Microsoft Visual Studio is provided at <tt><a
+      href="../build/build.dsw">libs/python/build/build.dsw</a></tt>. The
+      include paths for this project may need to be changed for your
+      installation. They currently assume that python has been installed at
+      <tt>c:\tools\python</tt>. Three configurations of all targets are
+      supported:
+
+      <ul>
+        <li>Release (optimization, <tt>-DNDEBUG</tt>)
+
+        <li>Debug (no optimization <tt>-D_DEBUG</tt>)
+
+        <li>DebugPython (no optimization, <tt>-D_DEBUG
+        -DBOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON</tt>)
+      </ul>
+
+      <p>When extension modules are built with Visual C++ using
+      <tt>-D_DEBUG</tt>, Python defaults to <i>force</i> linking with a
+      special debugging version of the Python DLL. Since this debug DLL
+      isn't supplied with the default Python installation for Windows,
+      Boost.Python uses <tt><a href=
+      "../../../boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp">boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp</a></tt>
+      to temporarily undefine <tt>_DEBUG</tt> when <tt>Python.h</tt> is
+      <tt>#include</tt>d.
+
+      <p>If you want the extra runtime checks available with the debugging
+      version of the library, <tt>#define BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON</tt> to
+      re-enable library forcing, and link with the DebugPython version of
+      <tt>boost_python.lib</tt>. You'll need to get the debugging version
+      of the Python executable (<tt>python_d.exe</tt>) and DLL
+      (<tt>python20_d.dll</tt> or <tt>python15_d.dll</tt>). The Python
+      sources include project files for building these. If you <a href=
+      "http://www.python.org">download</a> them, change the name of the
+      top-level directory to <tt>src</tt>, and install it under
+      <tt>c:\tools\python</tt>, the workspace supplied by Boost.Python will
+      be able to use it without modification. Just open
+      <tt>c:\tools\python\src\pcbuild\pcbuild.dsw</tt> and invoke "build
+      all" to generate all the debugging targets.
+
+      <p>If you do not <tt>#define BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON</tt>, be sure that
+      any source files <tt>#include &lt;<a href=
+          "../../../boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp">boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp</a>&gt;</tt>
+      instead of the usual <tt>Python.h</tt>, or you will have link
+      incompatibilities.<br>
+
+      <hr>
+      If your platform isn't directly supported, you can build a static
+      library from the following source files (in the Boost subdirectory
+      <tt>libs/python/src</tt>), or compile them directly and link the
+      resulting objects into your extension module:
+
+      <ul>
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/classes.cpp">classes.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/conversions.cpp">conversions.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/cross_module.cpp">cross_module.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/extension_class.cpp">extension_class.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/functions.cpp">functions.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/init_function.cpp">init_function.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/module_builder.cpp">module_builder.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/objects.cpp">objects.cpp</a>
+
+        <li><a href=
+        "../../../libs/python/src/types.cpp">types.cpp</a>
+      </ul>
+
+      <hr>
+      Next: <a href="enums.html">Wrapping Enums</a> Previous: <a href=
+      "under-the-hood.html">A Peek Under the Hood</a> Up: <a href=
+      "index.html">Top</a>
+
+      <hr>
+      <p>&copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+      sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
+      notice appears in all copies. This document is provided ``as is'' without
+      express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
+      any purpose.
+
+      <p>Updated: Apr 17, 2001 (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+    </div>

doc/comparisons.html

@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@
     <div>
       <h1>
          <img width="277" height="86" id="_x0000_i1025" align="center"
-        src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt= "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)">Comparisons with
+        src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt= "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"><br>
+        Comparisons with
         Other Systems
       </h1>
       
       <h2>CXX</h2>
       <p>
-        Like BPL, <a href="http://cxx.sourceforge.net/">CXX</a> attempts to
+        Like Boost.Python, <a href="http://cxx.sourceforge.net/">CXX</a> attempts to
         provide a C++-oriented interface to Python. In most cases, as with the
         boost library, it relieves the user from worrying about
         reference-counts. Both libraries automatically convert thrown C++
@@ -40,9 +41,15 @@
       <p>
         As far as I can tell, CXX enables one to write what is essentially
         idiomatic Python code in C++, manipulating Python objects through the
-        same fully-generic interfaces we use in Python. While you're hardly programming directly to the ``bare
-        metal'' with CXX, it basically presents a ``C++-ized''
-        version of the Python 'C' API.
+        same fully-generic interfaces we use in Python. While you're hardly
+        programming directly to the ``bare metal'' with CXX, it basically
+        presents a ``C++-ized'' version of the Python 'C' API. Some fraction of
+        that capability is available in Boost.Python through <tt><a
+        href="../../../boost/python/objects.hpp">boost/python/objects.hpp</a></tt>,
+        which provides C++ objects corresponding to Python lists, tuples,
+        strings, and dictionaries, and through <tt><a
+        href="../../../boost/python/callback.hpp">boost/python/callback.hpp</a></tt>,
+        which allows you to call back into python with C++ arguments.
 
       <p>
         <a href="mailto:dubois1@llnl.gov">Paul F. Dubois</a>, the original
@@ -65,7 +72,7 @@ that.''<br><i>-<a href="mailto:dubois1@llnl.gov">Paul Dubois</a></i>
         languages. Swig relies on a parser to read your source code and produce
         additional source code files which can be compiled into a Python (or
         Perl or Tcl) extension module. It has been successfully used to create
-        many Python extension modules. Like BPL, SWIG is trying to allow an
+        many Python extension modules. Like Boost.Python, SWIG is trying to allow an
         existing interface to be wrapped with little or no change to the
         existing code. The documentation says ``SWIG parses a form of ANSI C
         syntax that has been extended with a number of special directives. As a
@@ -78,15 +85,15 @@ that.''<br><i>-<a href="mailto:dubois1@llnl.gov">Paul Dubois</a></i>
         couldnt handle templates, didnt do func overloading properly etc.  For
         ANSI C libraries this was fine.  But for usual C++ code this was a
         problem.  Simple things work.  But for anything very complicated (or
-        realistic), one had to write code by hand.  I believe BPL doesn't have
+        realistic), one had to write code by hand.  I believe Boost.Python doesn't have
         this problem[<a href="#sic">sic</a>]...  IMHO overloaded functions are very important to
         wrap correctly.''<br><i>-Prabhu Ramachandran</i>
         </blockquote>
         
       <p>
-        By contrast, BPL doesn't attempt to parse C++ - the problem is simply
+        By contrast, Boost.Python doesn't attempt to parse C++ - the problem is simply
         too complex to do correctly. <a name="sic">Technically</a>, one does
-        write code by hand to use BPL. The goal, however, has been to make
+        write code by hand to use Boost.Python. The goal, however, has been to make
         that code nearly as simple as listing the names of the classes and
         member functions you want to expose in Python.
 
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ that.''<br><i>-<a href="mailto:dubois1@llnl.gov">Paul Dubois</a></i>
         <a
         href="http://www.thekompany.com/projects/pykde/background.php3?dhtml_ok=1">SIP</a>
         is a system similar to SWIG, though seemingly more
-        C++-oriented. The author says that like BPL, SIP supports overriding
+        C++-oriented. The author says that like Boost.Python, SIP supports overriding
         extension class member functions in Python subclasses. It appears to
         have been designed specifically to directly support some features of
         PyQt/PyKDE, which is its primary client. Documentation is almost
@@ -105,15 +112,15 @@ that.''<br><i>-<a href="mailto:dubois1@llnl.gov">Paul Dubois</a></i>
       <h2>ILU</h2>
       <p>
         <a
-        href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/Rainbow/projects/origami/ilu-1.8-manual">ILU</a>
+        href="ftp://ftp.parc.xerox.com/pub/ilu/ilu.html">ILU</a>
         is a very ambitious project which tries to describe a module's interface
         (types and functions) in terms of an <a
-        href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/Rainbow/projects/origami/ilu-1.8-manual/manual_2.html">Interface
+        href="ftp://ftp.parc.xerox.com/pub/ilu/2.0b1/manual-html/manual_2.html">Interface
         Specification Language</a> (ISL) so that it can be uniformly interfaced
         to a wide range of computer languages, including Common Lisp, C++, C,
         Modula-3, and Python. ILU can parse the ISL to generate a C++ language
         header file describing the interface, of which the user is expected to
-        provide an implementation. Unlike BPL, this means that the system
+        provide an implementation. Unlike Boost.Python, this means that the system
         imposes implementation details on your C++ code at the deepest level. It
         is worth noting that some of the C++ names generated by ILU are supposed
         to be reserved to the C++ implementation. It is unclear from the
@@ -148,7 +155,7 @@ an inheritance relationship?
       <h2>Zope ExtensionClasses</h2>
       <p>
          <a href="http:http://www.digicool.com/releases/ExtensionClass">
-        ExtensionClasses in Zope</a> use the same underlying mechanism as BPL
+        ExtensionClasses in Zope</a> use the same underlying mechanism as Boost.Python
         to support subclassing of extension types in Python, including
         multiple-inheritance. Both systems support pickling/unpickling of
         extension class instances in very similar ways. Both systems rely on the
@@ -158,31 +165,35 @@ an inheritance relationship?
       <p>
         The major differences are:
       <ul>
+        <li>Zope is entirely 'C' language-based. It doesn't require a C++
+        compiler, so it's much more portable than Boost.Python, which stresses
+        the limits of even some modern C++ implementations.
+
         <li>
-          BPL lifts the burden on the user to parse and convert function
+          Boost.Python lifts the burden on the user to parse and convert function
           argument types. Zope provides no such facility.
         <li>
-          BPL lifts the burden on the user to maintain Python
+          Boost.Python lifts the burden on the user to maintain Python
           reference-counts.
         <li>
-          BPL supports function overloading; Zope does not.
+          Boost.Python supports function overloading; Zope does not.
         <li>
-          BPL supplies a simple mechanism for exposing read-only and
+          Boost.Python supplies a simple mechanism for exposing read-only and
           read/write access to data members of the wrapped C++ type as Python
           attributes.
         <li>
           Writing a Zope ExtensionClass is significantly more complex than
-          exposing a C++ class to python using BPL (mostly a summary of the
+          exposing a C++ class to python using Boost.Python (mostly a summary of the
           previous 4 items). <a href= 
           "http://www.digicool.com/releases/ExtensionClass/MultiMapping.html">A
           Zope Example</a> illustrates the differences.
         <li>
           Zope's ExtensionClasses are specifically motivated by ``the need for a
-          C-based persistence mechanism''. BPL's are motivated by the desire
+          C-based persistence mechanism''. Boost.Python's are motivated by the desire
           to simply reflect a C++ API into Python with as little modification as
           possible.
         <li>
-          The following Zope restriction does not apply to BPL: ``At most one
+          The following Zope restriction does not apply to Boost.Python: ``At most one
           base extension direct or indirect super class may define C data
           members. If an extension subclass inherits from multiple base
           extension classes, then all but one must be mix-in classes that
@@ -191,21 +202,21 @@ an inheritance relationship?
           Zope requires use of the somewhat funky inheritedAttribute (search for
           ``inheritedAttribute'' on <a
           href="http://www.digicool.com/releases/ExtensionClass">this page</a>)
-          method to access base class methods. In BPL, base class methods can
+          method to access base class methods. In Boost.Python, base class methods can
           be accessed in the usual way by writing
           ``<code>BaseClass.method</code>''.
         <li>
           Zope supplies some creative but esoteric idioms such as <a href= 
           "http://www.digicool.com/releases/ExtensionClass/Acquisition.html">
-          Acquisition</a>. No specific support for this is built into BPL.
+          Acquisition</a>. No specific support for this is built into Boost.Python.
         <li>
           Zope's ComputedAttribute support is designed to be used from Python.
           <a href="special.html#getter_setter">The analogous feature of
-          BPL</a> can be used from C++ or Python. The feature is arguably
-          easier to use in BPL.
+          Boost.Python</a> can be used from C++ or Python. The feature is arguably
+          easier to use in Boost.Python.
       </ul>
       <p>
-        Next: <a href="example1.html">A Simple Example Using BPL</a>
+        Next: <a href="example1.html">A Simple Example Using Boost.Python</a>
         Previous: <a href="extending.html">A Brief Introduction to writing Python Extension Modules</a>
         Up: <a href="index.html">Top</a>
       <p>
@@ -215,6 +226,6 @@ an inheritance relationship?
         express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability
         for any purpose.
       <p>
-         Updated: Nov 26, 2000
+         Updated: Mar 6, 2001
     </div>
 

doc/cross_module.html

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+
+<title>Cross-extension-module dependencies</title>
+
+<div>
+
+<img src="../../../c++boost.gif"
+     alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"
+     align="center"
+     width="277" height="86">
+
+<hr>
+<h1>Cross-extension-module dependencies</h1>
+
+It is good programming practice to organize large projects as modules
+that interact with each other via well defined interfaces. With
+Boost.Python it is possible to reflect this organization at the C++
+level at the Python level. This is, each logical C++ module can be
+organized as a separate Python extension module.
+
+<p>
+At first sight this might seem natural and straightforward. However, it
+is a fairly complex problem to establish cross-extension-module
+dependencies while maintaining the same ease of use Boost.Python
+provides for classes that are wrapped in the same extension module. To
+a large extent this complexity can be hidden from the author of a
+Boost.Python extension module, but not entirely.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>The recipe</h2>
+
+Suppose there is an extension module that exposes certain instances of
+the C++ <tt>std::vector</tt> template library such that it can be used
+from Python in the following manner:
+
+<pre>
+import std_vector
+v = std_vector.double([1, 2, 3, 4])
+v.push_back(5)
+v.size()
+</pre>
+
+Suppose the <tt>std_vector</tt> module is done well and reflects all
+C++ functions that are useful at the Python level, for all C++ built-in
+data types (<tt>std_vector.int</tt>, <tt>std_vector.long</tt>, etc.).
+
+<p>
+Suppose further that there is statistic module with a C++ class that
+has constructors or member functions that use or return a
+<tt>std::vector</tt>.  For example:
+
+<pre>
+class xy {
+  public:
+    xy(const std::vector&lt;double&gt;&amp; x, const std::vector&lt;double&gt;&amp; y) : m_x(x), m_y(y) {}
+    const std::vector&lt;double&gt;&amp; x() const { return m_x; }
+    const std::vector&lt;double&gt;&amp; y() const { return m_y; }
+    double correlation();
+  private:
+    std::vector&lt;double&gt; m_x;
+    std::vector&lt;double&gt; m_y;
+}
+</pre>
+
+What is more natural than reusing the <tt>std_vector</tt> extension
+module to expose these constructors or functions to Python?
+
+<p>
+Unfortunately, what seems natural needs a little work in both the
+<tt>std_vector</tt> and the <tt>statistics</tt> module.
+
+<p>
+In the <tt>std_vector</tt> extension module,
+<tt>std::vector&lt;double&gt;</tt> is exposed to Python in the usual
+way with the <tt>class_builder&lt;&gt;</tt> template.  To also enable the
+automatic conversion of <tt>std::vector&lt;double&gt;</tt> function
+arguments or return values in other Boost.Python C++ modules, the
+converters that convert a <tt>std::vector&lt;double&gt;</tt> C++ object
+to a Python object and vice versa (i.e. the <tt>to_python()</tt> and
+<tt>from_python()</tt> template functions) have to be exported. For
+example:
+
+<pre>
+  #include &lt;boost/python/cross_module.hpp&gt;
+  //...
+  class_builder&lt;std::vector&lt;double&gt; &gt; v_double(std_vector_module, &quot;double&quot;);
+  export_converters(v_double);
+</pre>
+
+In the extension module that wraps <tt>class xy</tt> we can now import
+these converters with the <tt>import_converters&lt;&gt;</tt> template.
+For example:
+
+<pre>
+  #include &lt;boost/python/cross_module.hpp&gt;
+  //...
+  import_converters&lt;std::vector&lt;double&gt; &gt; v_double_converters(&quot;std_vector&quot;, &quot;double&quot;);
+</pre>
+
+That is all. All the attributes that are defined for
+<tt>std_vector.double</tt> in the <tt>std_vector</tt> Boost.Python
+module will be available for the returned objects of <tt>xy.x()</tt>
+and <tt>xy.y()</tt>.  Similarly, the constructor for <tt>xy</tt> will
+accept objects that were created by the <tt>std_vector</tt>module.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Placement of <tt>import_converters&lt;&gt;</tt> template instantiations</h2>
+
+<tt>import_converts&lt;&gt;</tt> can be viewed as a drop-in replacement
+for <tt>class_wrapper&lt;&gt;</tt>, and the recommendations for the
+placement of <tt>class_wrapper&lt;&gt;</tt> template instantiations
+also apply to to <tt>import_converts&lt;&gt;</tt>. In particular, it is
+important that an instantiation of <tt>class_wrapper&lt;&gt;</tt> is
+visible to any code which wraps a C++ function with a <tt>T</tt>,
+<tt>T*</tt>, const <tt>T&amp;</tt>, etc. parameter or return value.
+Therefore you may want to group all <tt>class_wrapper&lt;&gt;</tt> and
+<tt>import_converts&lt;&gt;</tt> instantiations at the top of your
+module's init function, then <tt>def()</tt> the member functions later
+to avoid problems with inter-class dependencies.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Non-copyable types</h2>
+
+<tt>export_converters()</tt> instantiates C++ template functions that
+invoke the copy constructor of the wrapped type. For a type that is
+non-copyable this will result in compile-time error messages. In such a
+case, <tt>export_converters_noncopyable()</tt> can be used to export
+the converters that do not involve the copy constructor of the wrapped
+type.  For example:
+
+<pre>
+class_builder&lt;store&gt; py_store(your_module, &quot;store&quot;);
+export_converters_noncopyable(py_store);
+</pre>
+
+The corresponding <tt>import_converters&lt;&gt;</tt> statement does not
+need any special attention:
+
+<pre>
+import_converters&lt;store&gt; py_store(&quot;noncopyable_export&quot;, &quot;store&quot;);
+</pre>
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Python module search path</h2>
+
+The <tt>std_vector</tt> and <tt>statistics</tt> modules can now be used
+in the following way:
+
+<pre>
+import std_vector
+import statistics
+x = std_vector.double([1, 2, 3, 4])
+y = std_vector.double([2, 4, 6, 8])
+xy = statistics.xy(x, y)
+xy.correlation()
+</pre>
+
+In this example it is clear that Python has to be able to find both the
+<tt>std_vector</tt> and the <tt>statistics</tt> extension module. In
+other words, both extension modules need to be in the Python module
+search path (<tt>sys.path</tt>).
+
+<p>
+The situation is not always this obvious. Suppose the
+<tt>statistics</tt> module has a <tt>random()</tt> function that
+returns a vector of random numbers with a given length:
+
+<pre>
+import statistics
+x = statistics.random(5)
+y = statistics.random(5)
+xy = statistics.xy(x, y)
+xy.correlation()
+</pre>
+
+A naive user will not easily anticipate that the <tt>std_vector</tt>
+module is used to pass the <tt>x</tt> and <tt>y</tt> vectors around. If
+the <tt>std_vector</tt> module is in the Python module search path,
+this form of ignorance is of no harm.  On the contrary, we are glad
+that we do not have to bother the user with details like this.
+
+<p>
+If the <tt>std_vector</tt> module is not in the Python module search
+path, a Python exception will be raised:
+
+<pre>
+Traceback (innermost last):
+  File &quot;foo.py&quot;, line 2, in ?
+    x = statistics.random(5)
+ImportError: No module named std_vector
+</pre>
+
+As is the case with any system of a non-trivial complexity, it is
+important that the setup is consistent and complete.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Two-way module dependencies</h2>
+
+Boost.Python supports two-way module dependencies. This is best
+illustrated by a simple example.
+
+<p>
+Suppose there is a module <tt>ivect</tt> that implements vectors of
+integers, and a similar module <tt>dvect</tt> that implements vectors
+of doubles. We want to be able do convert an integer vector to a double
+vector and vice versa. For example:
+
+<pre>
+import ivect
+iv = ivect.ivect((1,2,3,4,5))
+dv = iv.as_dvect()
+</pre>
+
+The last expression will implicitly import the <tt>dvect</tt> module in
+order to enable the conversion of the C++ representation of
+<tt>dvect</tt> to a Python object. The analogous is possible for a
+<tt>dvect</tt>:
+
+<pre>
+import dvect
+dv = dvect.dvect((1,2,3,4,5))
+iv = dv.as_ivect()
+</pre>
+
+Now the <tt>ivect</tt> module is imported implicitly.
+
+<p>
+Note that the two-way dependencies are possible because the
+dependencies are resolved only when needed. This is, the initialization
+of the <tt>ivect</tt> module does not rely on the <tt>dvect</tt>
+module, and vice versa.  Only if <tt>as_dvect()</tt> or
+<tt>as_ivect()</tt> is actually invoked will the corresponding module
+be implicitly imported. This also means that, for example, the
+<tt>dvect</tt> module does not have to be available at all if
+<tt>as_dvect()</tt> is never used.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Clarification of compile-time and link-time dependencies</h2>
+
+Boost.Python's support for resolving cross-module dependencies at
+runtime does not imply that compile-time dependencies are eliminated.
+For example, the statistics extension module in the example above will
+need to <tt>#include &lt;vector&gt;</tt>. This is immediately obvious
+from the definition of <tt>class xy</tt>.
+
+<p>
+If a library is wrapped that consists of both header files and compiled
+components (e.g. <tt>libdvect.a</tt>, <tt>dvect.lib</tt>, etc.), both
+the Boost.Python extension module with the
+<tt>export_converters()</tt> statement and the module with the
+<tt>import_converters&lt;&gt;</tt> statement need to be linked against
+the object library.  Ideally one would build a shared library (e.g.
+<tt>libdvect.so</tt>, <tt>dvect.dll</tt>, etc.). However, this
+introduces the issue of having to configure the search path for the
+dynamic loading correctly. For small libraries it is therefore often
+more convenient to ignore the fact that the object files are loaded
+into memory more than once.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Summary of motivation for cross-module support</h2>
+
+The main purpose of Boost.Python's cross-module support is to allow for
+a modular system layout. With this support it is straightforward to
+reflect C++ code organization at the Python level. Without the
+cross-module support, a multi-purpose module like <tt>std_vector</tt>
+would be impractical because the entire wrapper code would somehow have
+to be duplicated in all extension modules that use it, making them
+harder to maintain and harder to build.
+
+<p>
+Another motivation for the cross-module support is that two extension
+modules that wrap the same class cannot both be imported into Python.
+For example, if there are two modules <tt>A</tt> and <tt>B</tt> that
+both wrap a given <tt>class X</tt>, this will work:
+
+<pre>
+import A
+x = A.X()
+</pre>
+
+This will also work:
+
+<pre>
+import B
+x = B.X()
+</pre>
+
+However, this will fail:
+
+<pre>
+import A
+import B
+python: /net/cci/rwgk/boost/boost/python/detail/extension_class.hpp:866:
+static void boost::python::detail::class_registry&lt;X&gt;::register_class(boost::python::detail::extension_class_base *):
+Assertion `static_class_object == 0' failed.
+Abort
+</pre>
+
+A good solution is to wrap <tt>class X</tt> only once. Depending on the
+situation, this could be done by module <tt>A</tt> or <tt>B</tt>, or an
+additional small extension module that only wraps and exports
+<tt>class X</tt>.
+
+<p>
+Finally, there can be important psychological or political reasons for
+using the cross-module support. If a group of classes is lumped
+together with many others in a huge module, the authors will have
+difficulties in being identified with their work. The situation is
+much more transparent if the work is represented by a module with a
+recognizable name. This is not just a question of strong egos, but also
+of getting credit and funding.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Why not use <tt>export_converters()</tt> universally?</h2>
+
+There is some overhead associated with the Boost.Python cross-module
+support. Depending on the platform, the size of the code generated by
+<tt>export_converters()</tt> is roughly 10%-20% of that generated
+by <tt>class_builder&lt;&gt;</tt>. For a large extension module with
+many wrapped classes, this could mean a significant difference.
+Therefore the general recommendation is to use
+<tt>export_converters()</tt> only for classes that are likely to
+be used as function arguments or return values in other modules.
+
+<hr>
+&copy; Copyright Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve 2001. Permission to copy,
+use, modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
+copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as
+is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
+suitability for any purpose.
+
+<p>
+Updated: April 2001
+
+</div>

doc/enums.html

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
     <div>
       <h1>
          <img width="277" height="86" id="_x0000_i1025" align="center"
-        src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt= "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)">Wrapping enums
+        src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt= "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"><br>
+        Wrapping enums
       </h1>
 
 <p>Because there is in general no way to deduce that a value of arbitrary type T
@@ -17,24 +18,39 @@ enums). Once you have done that, you can write some simple
 <code>from_python()</code> and <code>to_python()</code> functions.
 
 <p>If you are satisfied with a Python int as a way to represent your enum
-values, we provide a shorthand for these functions. You just need to
-instantiate <code>boost::python::enum_as_int_converters&lt;EnumType&gt;</code> where
+values, we provide a shorthand for these functions. You just need to cause
+<code>boost::python::enum_as_int_converters&lt;EnumType&gt;</code> to be
+instantiated, where
 <code>EnumType</code> is your enumerated type. There are two convenient ways to do this:
 
 <ol>
-<li><blockquote>
+<li>Explicit instantiation:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+  template class boost::python::enum_as_int_converters&lt;my_enum&gt;;
+</blockquote></pre>
+
+Some buggy C++ implementations require a class to be instantiated in the same
+namespace in which it is defined. In that case, the simple incantation above becomes:
+
+<blockquote>
 <pre>
    ...
 } // close my_namespace
+
 // drop into namespace python and explicitly instantiate
-BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE // this is a gcc 2.95.2 bug workaround
-  template class enum_as_int_converters<extclass_demo::EnumOwner::enum_type>;
-BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+  template class enum_as_int_converters&lt;my_enum_type&gt;;
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
 namespace my_namespace { // re-open my_namespace
    ...
 </pre>
 </blockquote>
-<li><blockquote><pre>
+
+
+<li>If you have such an implementation, you may find this technique more convenient 
+<blockquote><pre>
 // instantiate as base class in any namespace
 struct EnumTypeConverters
     : boost::python::enum_as_int_converters&lt;EnumType&gt;
@@ -71,7 +87,8 @@ BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
  <code>long</code> type.
 
 You may also want to add a bunch of lines like this to your module
-initialization:
+initialization. These bind the corresponding enum values to the appropriate
+names so they can be used from Python:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
 mymodule.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_1), "enum_value_1");
@@ -83,12 +100,12 @@ You can also add these to an extension class definition, if your enum happens to
 be local to a class and you want the analogous interface in Python:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
-my_class.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_1), "enum_value_1");
-my_class.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_2), "enum_value_2");
+my_class_builder.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_1), "enum_value_1");
+my_class_builder.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_2), "enum_value_2");
 ...
 </pre></blockquote>
                <p>
-         Next: <a href="pointers.html">Pointers</a>
+         Next: <a href="pointers.html">Pointers and Smart Pointers</a>
          Previous: <a href="building.html">Building an Extension Module</a>
          Up: <a href="index.html">Top</a>
       <p>
@@ -98,6 +115,6 @@ my_class.add(boost::python::to_python(enum_value_2), "enum_value_2");
         is'' without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to
         its suitability for any purpose.
       <p>
-         Updated: Nov 26, 2000
+         Updated: Mar 6, 2001
     </div>
 

doc/example1.html

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+    <title>
+      A Simple Example
+    </title>
+    <div>
+      <h1>
+         <img width="277" height="86" id="_x0000_i1025" src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt=
+        "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)">
+      </h1>
+      <h1>
+         A Simple Example
+      </h1>
+      <p>
+         Suppose we have the following C++ API which we want to expose in
+        Python:
+      <blockquote>
+<pre>
+#include &lt;string&gt;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A couple of simple C++ functions that we want to expose to Python.
+  std::string greet() { return "hello, world"; }
+  int square(int number) { return number * number; }
+}
+
+</pre>
+      </blockquote>
+      <p>
+        Here is the C++ code for a python module called <tt>getting_started1</tt>
+        which exposes the API.
+      <blockquote>
+<pre>
+#include &lt;boost/python/class_builder.hpp&gt;
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(getting_started1)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("getting_started1");
+
+    // Add regular functions to the module.
+    this_module.def(greet, "greet");
+    this_module.def(square, "square");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}
+</pre>
+      </blockquote>
+      <p>
+         That's it! If we build this shared library and put it on our <code>
+        PYTHONPATH</code> we can now access our C++ functions from
+        Python.
+      <blockquote>
+<pre>
+&gt;&gt;&gt; import getting_started1
+&gt;&gt;&gt; print getting_started1.greet()
+hello, world
+&gt;&gt;&gt; number = 11
+&gt;&gt;&gt; print number, '*', number, '=', getting_started1.square(number)
+11 * 11 = 121
+</pre>
+      <p>
+        Next: <a href="exporting_classes.html">Exporting Classes</a>
+         Previous: <a href="comparisons.html">Comparisons with other systems</a>  Up:
+        <a href="index.html">Top</a>
+      <p>
+         &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+        sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
+        notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as is" without
+        express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability
+        for any purpose.
+      <p>
+         Updated: Mar 6, 2000
+    </div>
+

doc/exporting_classes.html

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+    <title>
+      Exporting Classes
+    </title>
+    <div>
+      <h1>
+         <img width="277" height="86" id="_x0000_i1025" src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt=
+        "c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)">
+      </h1>
+      <h1>
+         Exporting Classes
+      </h1>
+      <p>
+         Now let's expose a C++ class to Python:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+#include &lt;iostream&gt;
+#include &lt;string&gt;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A friendly class.
+  class hello
+  {
+    public:
+      hello(const std::string&amp; country) { this-&gt;country = country; }
+      std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country; }
+    private:
+      std::string country;
+  };
+
+  // A function taking a hello object as an argument.
+  std::string invite(const hello&amp; w) {
+    return w.greet() + "! Please come soon!";
+  }
+}
+
+</blockquote></pre>      <p>
+      To expose the class, we use a <tt>class_builder</tt> in addition to the
+      <tt>module_builder</tt> from the previous example. Class member functions
+      are exposed by using the <tt>def()</tt> member function on the
+      <tt>class_builder</tt>:
+<blockquote><pre>
+#include &lt;boost/python/class_builder.hpp&gt;
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(getting_started2)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("getting_started2");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder&lt;hello&gt; hello_class(this_module, "hello");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    hello_class.def(python::constructor&lt;std::string&gt;());
+    // Add a regular member function.
+    hello_class.def(&amp;hello::greet, "greet");
+
+    // Add invite() as a regular function to the module.
+    this_module.def(invite, "invite");
+
+    // Even better, invite() can also be made a member of hello_class!!!
+    hello_class.def(invite, "invite");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}
+</blockquote></pre>
+      <p>
+Now we can use the class normally from Python:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+&gt;&gt;&gt; from getting_started2 import *
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi = hello('California')
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi.greet()
+'Hello from California'
+&gt;&gt;&gt; invite(hi)
+'Hello from California! Please come soon!'
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi.invite()
+'Hello from California! Please come soon!'
+</blockquote></pre>
+
+Notes:<ul>
+<li> We expose the class' constructor by calling <tt>def()</tt> on the
+      <tt>class_builder</tt> with an argument whose type is
+      <tt>constructor&lt;</tt><i>params</i><tt>&gt;</tt>, where <i>params</i>
+      matches the list of constructor argument types:
+
+
+<li>Regular member functions are defined by calling <tt>def()</tt> with a
+      member function pointer and its Python name:
+
+<li>Any function added to a class whose initial argument matches the class (or
+any base) will act like a member function in Python.
+</ul>
+      <p>
+         We can even make a subclass of <code>hello.world</code>:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+&gt;&gt;&gt; class wordy(hello):
+...     def greet(self):
+...         return hello.greet(self) + ', where the weather is fine'
+...
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi2 = wordy('Florida')
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi2.greet()
+'Hello from Florida, where the weather is fine'
+&gt;&gt;&gt; invite(hi2)
+'Hello from Florida! Please come soon!'
+</blockquote></pre>
+      <p>
+         Pretty cool! You can't do that with an ordinary Python extension type!
+
+         Of course, you may now have a slightly empty feeling in the pit of
+        your little pythonic stomach. Perhaps you wanted to see the following
+        <tt>wordy</tt> invitation:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+'Hello from Florida, where the weather is fine! Please come soon!'
+</blockquote></pre>
+
+        After all, <tt>invite</tt> calls <tt>hello::greet()</tt>, and you
+        reimplemented that in your Python subclass, <tt>wordy</tt>. If so, <a
+        href= "overriding.html">read on</a>...
+
+      <p>
+        Next: <a href="overriding.html">Overridable virtual functions</a>
+         Previous: <a href="example1.html">A Simple Example</a>  Up:
+        <a href="index.html">Top</a>
+      <p>
+         &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+        sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
+        notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as is" without
+        express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability
+        for any purpose.
+      <p>
+         Updated: Mar 6, 2001
+    </div>
+

doc/extending.html

@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@
       sublcassing the extension type. Aside from being tedious, it's not really
       the same as having a true class, because there's no way for the user to
       override a method of the extension type which is called from the
-      extension module. BPL solves this problem by taking advantage of <a
+      extension module. Boost.Python solves this problem by taking advantage of <a
       href="http://www.python.org/doc/essays/metaclasses/">Python's metaclass
       feature</a> to provide objects which look, walk, and hiss almost exactly
-      like regular Python classes. BPL classes are actually cleaner than
+      like regular Python classes. Boost.Python classes are actually cleaner than
       Python classes in some subtle ways; a more detailed discussion will
       follow (someday).</p>
     <p>Next: <a href="comparisons.html">Comparisons with Other Systems</a> Up: <a

doc/index.html

@@ -1,25 +1,24 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
 "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
-    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
     <title>
-      The Boost Python Library (BPL)
+      The Boost Python Library (Boost.Python)
     </title>
     <h1>
        <img src="../../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" width="277"
-      align="center" height="86">The Boost Python Library (BPL)
+      align="center" height="86"><br>The Boost Python Library (Boost.Python)
     </h1>
 
 <h2>Synopsis</h2>
     <p>
       Use the Boost Python Library to quickly and easily export a C++ library to <a
-      href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org">Python</a> such that the Python interface is
+      href="http://www.python.org">Python</a> such that the Python interface is
       very similar to the C++ interface. It is designed to be minimally
       intrusive on your C++ design. In most cases, you should not have to alter
-      your C++ classes in any way in order to use them with BPL. The system
+      your C++ classes in any way in order to use them with Boost.Python. The system
       <em>should</em> simply ``reflect'' your C++ classes and functions into
-      Python. The major features of BPL include support for:
+      Python. The major features of Boost.Python include support for:
 <ul>
-<li><a href="inheritance.hml">Subclassing extension types in Python</a>
+<li><a href="inheritance.html">Subclassing extension types in Python</a>
 <li><a href="overriding.html">Overriding virtual functions in Python</a>
 <li><a href="overloading.html">[Member] function Overloading</a>
 <li><a href="special.html#numeric_auto">Automatic wrapping of numeric operators</a>
@@ -28,9 +27,27 @@ among others.
 
 
 <h2>Supported Platforms</h2>
-<p>BPL has been tested in the following configurations:
+<p>Boost.Python is known to have been tested in the following configurations:
 
 <ul>
+<li>Against Python 2.0 using the following compiler/library combinations:
+<ul>
+  <li><a
+  href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/sp/vs6sp4/dnldoverview.asp">MSVC++6sp4</a>
+  with the native library.
+
+  <li>An upcoming release of <a
+        href="http://www.metrowerks.com/products/windows/">Metrowerks
+        CodeWarrior Pro6 for Windows</a> with the native library (the first
+        release has a bug that's fatal to Boost.Python)
+
+        <li><a
+        href="http://developer.intel.com/software/products/compilers/c50/">Intel
+        C++ 5.0</a>. Compilation succeeds, but tests <font
+        color="#FF0000"><b>FAILED at runtime</b></font> due to a bug in its
+        exception-handling implementation.
+</ul>
+
 <li>Against Python 1.5.2 using the following compiler/library: 
 
   <ul>
@@ -52,24 +69,17 @@ among others.
   href="mailto:rwgk@cci.lbl.gov">Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve</a>] 
 
   <li>An upcoming release of <a href="http://www.metrowerks.com/products/windows/">Metrowerks CodeWarrior
-        Pro6 for Windows</a> (the first release has a bug that's fatal to BPL)
+        Pro6 for Windows</a> (the first release has a bug that's fatal to Boost.Python)
   </ul>
-<br>
-<li>Against Python 2.0 using the following compiler/library combinations:
-<ul>
-  <li><a
-  href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/sp/vs6sp4/dnldoverview.asp">MSVC++6sp4</a> [by
-  <a href="mailto:aleaxit@yahoo.com">Alex Martelli</a>]
-</ul>
 </ul>
 
 <h2>Credits</h2>
 <ul>
       <li><a href="../../../people/dave_abrahams.htm">David Abrahams</a> originated
-      and wrote the library.
+      and wrote most of the library, and continues to coordinate development.
 
       <li><a href="mailto:koethe@informatik.uni-hamburg.de">Ullrich Koethe</a>
-      had independently developed a similar system. When he discovered BPL,
+      had independently developed a similar system. When he discovered Boost.Python,
       he generously contributed countless hours of coding and much insight into
       improving it. He is responsible for an early version of the support for <a
       href="overloading.html">function overloading</a> and wrote the support for
@@ -78,16 +88,22 @@ among others.
       Python and C++, and has designed an extremely easy-to-use way of 
       exposing <a href="special.html#numeric">numeric operators</a>, including
       a way to avoid explicit coercion by means of overloading.
+      
+      <li><a href="http://cci.lbl.gov/staff/ralf_grosse-kunstleve.html">Ralf W.
+      Grosse-Kunstleve</a> contributed <a href="pickle.html">pickle support</a>
+      and numerous other small improvements. He's working on a way to allow
+      types exported by multiple modules to interact.
 
       <li>The members of the boost mailing list and the Python community
       supplied invaluable early feedback. In particular, Ron Clarke, Mark Evans,
-      Anton Gluck, Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve, Chuck Ingold, Prabhu Ramachandran,
-      and Barry Scott took the brave step of trying to use BPL while it was
-      still in early stages of development.
+      Anton Gluck, Chuck Ingold, Prabhu Ramachandran, and Barry Scott took the
+      brave step of trying to use Boost.Python while it was still in early
+      stages of development.
 
-      <li>The development of BPL wouldn't have been
-      possible without the generous support of <a href="http://www.dragonsys.com/">Dragon Systems/Lernout and
-      Hauspie, Inc</a> who supported its development as an open-source project.
+      <li>The development of Boost.Python wouldn't have been possible without
+      the generous support of <a href="http://www.dragonsys.com/">Dragon
+      Systems/Lernout and Hauspie, Inc</a> who supported its development as an
+      open-source project.
 </ul>
 
     <h2>Table of Contents</h2>
@@ -96,11 +112,13 @@ among others.
       <li><a href="extending.html">A Brief Introduction to writing Python
         extension modules</a>
 
-      <li><a href="comparisons.html">Comparisons between BPL and other
+      <li><a href="comparisons.html">Comparisons between Boost.Python and other
         systems for extending Python</a>
 
       <li><a href="example1.html">A Simple Example</a>
 
+      <li><a href="exporting_classes.html">Exporting Classes</a>
+
       <li><a href="overriding.html">Overridable Virtual Functions</a>
 
       <li><a href="overloading.html">Function Overloading</a>
@@ -113,33 +131,21 @@ among others.
 
       <li><a href="building.html">Building an Extension Module</a>
 
-      <li>Advanced Topics
+      <li><a href="pickle.html">Pickle Support</a>
 
-        <ol>
-          <li>Pickling
+      <li><a href="cross_module.html">Cross-Extension-Module Dependencies</a>
 
-          <li>class_builder&lt;&gt;
+      <li><a href="enums.html">Wrapping Enums</a>
 
-          <li><a href="enums.html">enums</a>
+      <li><a href="pointers.html">Pointers and Smart Pointers</a>
 
-          <li>References
-
-          <li><a href="pointers.html">Pointers and Smart Pointers</a>
-
-          <li>Built-in Python Types
-
-          <li>Other Extension Types
-
-          <li>Templates
-          
-          <li><a href="data_structures.txt">Internal Data Structures</a>
-        </ol>
+      <li><a href="data_structures.txt">Internal Data Structures</a>
           
 </ol>  
  
     <p>
       Documentation is a major ongoing project; assistance is greatly
-      appreciated! In the meantime, useful examples of every BPL feature should
+      appreciated! In the meantime, useful examples of every Boost.Python feature should
       be evident in the regression test files <code>test/comprehensive.[<a
       href="../test/comprehensive.py">py</a>/<a
       href="../test/comprehensive.hpp">hpp</a>/<a
@@ -147,14 +153,14 @@ among others.
 
     <p>
        Questions should be directed to <a href= 
-      "http://www.egroups.com/list/boost">the boost mailing list</a>.
+      "http://www.yahoogroups.com/list/boost">the boost mailing list</a>.
 
     <p>
-       &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+       &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
       sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
       notice appears in all copies. This document is provided ``as is'' without
       express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
       any purpose.
     <p>
-       Updated: Nov 26, 2000
+       Updated: Mar 6, 2001
 

doc/inheritance.html

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 <h2>Inheritance in Python</h2>
 
       <p>
-         BPL extension classes support single and multiple-inheritance in
+         Boost.Python extension classes support single and multiple-inheritance in
          Python, just like regular Python classes. You can arbitrarily mix
          built-in Python classes with extension classes in a derived class'
-         tuple of bases. Whenever a BPL extension class is among the bases for a
+         tuple of bases. Whenever a Boost.Python extension class is among the bases for a
          new class in Python, the result is an extension class:
 <blockquote>
 <pre>
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 <h2><a name="implicit_conversion">Reflecting C++ Inheritance Relationships</a></h2>
       <p>
-        BPL also allows us to represent C++ inheritance relationships so that
+        Boost.Python also allows us to represent C++ inheritance relationships so that
         wrapped derived classes may be passed where values, pointers, or
         references to a base class are expected as arguments. The
         <code>declare_base</code> member function of
@@ -76,11 +76,7 @@ int get_derived_x(const Derived& d) {
 // namespace alias for code brevity
 namespace python = boost::python;
 
-extern "C"
-#ifdef _WIN32
-__declspec(dllexport)
-#endif
-void initmy_module()
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(my_module)
 {
     try
     {
@@ -115,11 +111,19 @@ void initmy_module()
 &gt;&gt;&gt; derived = Derived()
 &gt;&gt;&gt; get_name(base)
 'Base'
-</pre><i>objects of wrapped class Derived may be passed where Base is expected</i><pre>
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+<i>objects of wrapped class Derived may be passed where Base is expected</i>
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
 &gt;&gt;&gt; get_name(derived) 
 'Derived'
-</pre><i>objects of wrapped class Derived can be passed where Derived is 
-expected but where type information has been lost.</i><pre>
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+<i>objects of wrapped class Derived can be passed where Derived is 
+expected but where type information has been lost.</i>
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
 &gt;&gt;&gt; get_derived_x(derived_as_base()) 
 -1
 </pre>

doc/overloading.html

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ private:
 };
   ...
 
-void initoverload_demo()
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(overload_demo)
 {
     try
     {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ namespace scope as Python member functions.
         <ul>
 
         <li>Attribute lookup for extension classes proceeds in <a
-        href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node11.html#SECTION0011510000000000000000">the
+        href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node11.html#SECTION0011510000000000000000">the
         usual Python way</a> using a depth-first, left-to-right search. When a
         class is found which has a matching attribute, only functions overloaded
         in the context of that class are candidates for overload resolution. In
@@ -144,12 +144,12 @@ namespace scope as Python member functions.
          Previous: <a href="overriding.html">Overridable Virtual Functions</a>
          Up: <a href="index.html">Top</a>
       <p>
-         &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+         &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
         sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
         notice appears in all copies. This document is provided ``as
         is'' without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to
         its suitability for any purpose.
       <p>
-         Updated: Nov 26, 2000
+         Updated: Mar 6, 2001
     </div>
 

doc/overriding.html

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     <h1>Overridable Virtual Functions</h1>
 
 <p> 
-  In the <a href="example1.html">previous example</a> we exposed a simple
+  In the <a href="exporting_classes.html">previous example</a> we exposed a simple
   C++ class in Python and showed that we could write a subclass. We even
   redefined one of the functions in our derived class. Now we will learn
   how to make the function behave virtually <em>when called from C++</em>. 
@@ -17,16 +17,17 @@
 
 <h2><a name="overriding_example">Example</a></h2>
 
-<p>In this example, it is assumed that <code>world::greet()</code> is a virtual
+<p>In this example, it is assumed that <code>hello::greet()</code> is a virtual
 member function:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
-class world
+class hello
 {
  public:
-    world(int);
-    virtual ~world();
-    <b>virtual</b> std::string greet() const { return "hi, world"; }
+    hello(const std::string&amp; country) { this-&gt;country = country; }
+    <b>virtual</b> std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country; }
+    virtual ~hello(); // Good practice 
+    ...
 };
 </pre></blockquote>
 
@@ -37,21 +38,28 @@ class world
 
 <ol>
 
-  <li><a name="derived_1">A</a> <code>PyObject*</code> data member that holds a
-  reference to the corresponding Python object.
+  <li><a name="derived_1">A</a> <code>PyObject*</code> data member (usually
+  called <tt>self</tt>) that holds a pointer to the Python object corresponding
+  to our C++ <tt>hello</tt> instance.
 
-  <li><a name="derived_2">A</a> constructor for each exposed constructor of the
-  base class which stores an additional initial <code>PyObject*</code> argument
-  in the data member described above.
+  <li><a name="derived_2">For</a>  each exposed constructor of the
+  base class <tt>T</tt>, a constructor which takes the same parameters preceded by an initial
+  <code>PyObject*</code> argument. The initial argument should be stored in the <tt>self</tt> data
+  member described above. 
 
-  <li><a name="derived_3">An</a> implementation of each virtual function you may
+  <li><a name="derived_3">If</a> the class being wrapped is ever returned <i>by
+  value</i> from a wrapped function, be sure you do the same for the
+  <tt>T</tt>'s copy constructor: you'll need a constructor taking arguments
+  <tt>(PyObject*,&nbsp;const&nbsp;T&amp;)</tt>.
+
+  <li><a name="derived_4">An</a> implementation of each virtual function you may
   wish to override in Python which uses
-  <code>boost::python::callback&lt<i>return-type</i>&gt;::call_method()</code> to call
+  <tt>callback&lt</tt><i>return-type</i><tt>&gt;::call_method(self,&nbsp;&quot;</tt><i>name</i><tt>&quot;,&nbsp;</tt><i>args...</i><tt>)</tt> to call
   the Python override.
 
-  <li><a name="derived_4">For</a> each non-pure virtual function meant to be
+  <li><a name="derived_5">For</a> each non-pure virtual function meant to be
   overridable from Python, a static member function (or a free function) taking
-  a reference or pointer to the base type as the first parameter and which
+  a reference or pointer to the <tt>T</tt> as the first parameter and which
   forwards any additional parameters neccessary to the <i>default</i>
   implementation of the virtual function. See also <a href="#private">this
   note</a> if the base class virtual function is private.
@@ -59,52 +67,60 @@ class world
 </ol>
 
 <blockquote><pre>
-struct world_callback : world
+struct hello_callback : hello
 {
-    world_callback(PyObject* self, int x) // <a href="#derived_2">2</a>
-        : world(x),
-          m_self(self) {}
+    // hello constructor storing initial self_ parameter
+    hello_callback(PyObject* self_, const std::string&amp; x) // <a href="#derived_2">2</a>
+        : hello(x), self(self_) {}
 
-    std::string greet() const // <a href="#derived_3">3</a>
-        { return boost::python::callback&lt;std::string&gt;::call_method(m_self, "get"); }
+    // In case hello is returned by-value from a wrapped function
+    hello_callback(PyObject* self_, const hello&amp; x) // <a href="#derived_3">3</a>
+        : hello(x), self(self_) {}
 
-    static std::string <a name= "default_implementation">default_get</a>(const hello::world& self) const // <a href="#derived_4">4</a>
-        { return self.world::greet(); }
+    // Override greet to call back into Python
+    std::string greet() const // <a href="#derived_4">4</a>
+        { return boost::python::callback&lt;std::string&gt;::call_method(self, "greet"); }
+
+    // Supplies the default implementation of greet
+    static std::string <a name= "default_implementation">default_greet</a>(const hello& self_) const // <a href="#derived_5">5</a>
+        { return self_.hello::greet(); }
  private:
-    PyObject* m_self; // <a href="#derived_1">1</a>
+    PyObject* self; // <a href="#derived_1">1</a>
 };
 </pre></blockquote>
 
 <p>
-  Finally, we add <code>world_callback</code> to the <code>
-  class_builder&lt;&gt;</code> declaration in our module initialization
-  function, and when we define the function, we must tell py_cpp about the default
+  Finally, we add <tt>hello_callback</tt> to the <tt>
+  class_builder&lt;&gt;</tt> declaration in our module initialization
+  function, and when we define the function, we must tell Boost.Python about the default
   implementation:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
 // Create the <a name=
-"world_class">Python type object</a> for our extension class
-boost::python::class_builder&lt;hello::world<strong>,world_callback&gt;</strong> world_class(hello, "world");
+"hello_class">Python type object</a> for our extension class
+boost::python::class_builder&lt;hello<strong>,hello_callback&gt;</strong> hello_class(hello, "hello");
 // Add a virtual member function
-world_class.def(&amp;world::get, "get", &amp;<b>world_callback::default_get</b>);
+hello_class.def(&amp;hello::greet, "greet", &amp;<b>hello_callback::default_greet</b>);
 </pre></blockquote>
 
 <p>
- Now our subclass of <code>hello.world</code> behaves as expected:
+ Now our Python subclass of <tt>hello</tt> behaves as expected:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
-&gt;&gt;&gt; class my_subclass(hello.world):
+&gt;&gt;&gt; class wordy(hello):
 ...     def greet(self):
-...         return 'hello, world'
+...         return hello.greet(self) + ', where the weather is fine'
 ...
-&gt;&gt;&gt; hello.length(my_subclass())
-12
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi2 = wordy('Florida')
+&gt;&gt;&gt; hi2.greet()
+'Hello from Florida, where the weather is fine'
+&gt;&gt;&gt; invite(hi2)
+'Hello from Florida, where the weather is fine! Please come soon!'
 </pre></blockquote>
-
     <p>
       <a name="why_derived">*</a>You may ask, "Why do we need this derived
       class? This could have been designed so that everything gets done right
-      inside of <code>hello::world</code>." One of the goals of py_cpp is to be
+      inside of <tt>hello</tt>." One of the goals of Boost.Python is to be
       minimally intrusive on an existing C++ design. In principle, it should be
       possible to expose the interface for a 3rd party library without changing
       it. To unintrusively hook into the virtual functions so that a Python
@@ -117,32 +133,29 @@ world_class.def(&amp;world::get, "get", &amp;<b>world_callback::default_get</b>)
       deal with than a virtual function with a default implementation. First of
       all, you obviously don't need to <a href="#default_implementation"> supply
       a default implementation</a>. Secondly, you don't need to call
-      <code>def()</code> on the <code>extension_class&lt;&gt;</code> instance
+      <tt>def()</tt> on the <tt>extension_class&lt;&gt;</tt> instance
       for the virtual function. In fact, you wouldn't <em>want</em> to: if the
       corresponding attribute on the Python class stays undefined, you'll get an
-      <code>AttributeError</code> in Python when you try to call the function,
+      <tt>AttributeError</tt> in Python when you try to call the function,
       indicating that it should have been implemented. For example:
     <blockquote>
 <pre>
 struct baz {
     <strong>virtual</strong> int pure(int) = 0;
+    int calls_pure(int x) { return pure(x) + 1000; }
 };
 
 struct baz_callback {
     int pure(int x) { boost::python::callback&lt;int&gt;::call_method(m_self, "pure", x); }
 };
 
-extern "C"
-#ifdef _WIN32
-__declspec(dllexport)
-#endif
-initfoobar()
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(foobar)
 {
     try
     {
        boost::python::module_builder foobar("foobar");
        boost::python::class_builder&lt;baz,baz_callback&gt; baz_class("baz");
-       baz_class.def(&amp;baz::pure, "pure");
+       baz_class.def(&amp;baz::calls_pure, "calls_pure");
     }
     catch(...)
     {
@@ -161,12 +174,18 @@ initfoobar()
 Traceback (innermost last):
   File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in ?
 AttributeError: pure
+&gt;&gt;&gt; x.calls_pure(1)
+Traceback (innermost last):
+  File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in ?
+AttributeError: pure
 &gt;&gt;&gt; class mumble(baz):
 ...    def pure(self, x): return x + 1
 ...
 &gt;&gt;&gt; y = mumble()
 &gt;&gt;&gt; y.pure(99)
 100
+&gt;&gt;&gt; y.calls_pure(99)
+1100
 </pre></blockquote>
 
 <a name="private"><h2>Private Non-Pure Virtual Functions</h2></a>
@@ -180,16 +199,17 @@ this limited way without breaking binary compatibility (though it will certainly
 break the <a
 href="http://cs.calvin.edu/c++/C++Standard-Nov97/basic.html#basic.def.odr">ODR</a>).
 
+<hr>
     <p>
       Next: <a href="overloading.html">Function Overloading</a>
-      Previous: <a href="example1.html">A Simple Example Using py_cpp</a>
+      Previous: <a href="exporting_classes.html">Exporting Classes</a>
       Up: <a href="index.html">Top</a>
     <p>
-      &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
+      &copy; Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
       sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
       notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as is" without
       express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
       any purpose.
     <p>
-      Updated: Nov 26, 2000
+      Updated: Mar 21, 2001
 

doc/pickle.html

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+
+<title>Boost.Python Pickle Support</title>
+
+<div>
+
+<img src="../../../c++boost.gif"
+     alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"
+     align="center"
+     width="277" height="86">
+
+<hr>
+<h1>Boost.Python Pickle Support</h1>
+
+Pickle is a Python module for object serialization, also known
+as persistence, marshalling, or flattening.
+
+<p>
+It is often necessary to save and restore the contents of an object to
+a file. One approach to this problem is to write a pair of functions
+that read and write data from a file in a special format. A powerful
+alternative approach is to use Python's pickle module. Exploiting
+Python's ability for introspection, the pickle module recursively
+converts nearly arbitrary Python objects into a stream of bytes that
+can be written to a file.
+
+<p>
+The Boost Python Library supports the pickle module by emulating the
+interface implemented by Jim Fulton's ExtensionClass module that is
+included in the
+<a href="http://www.zope.org/"
+>ZOPE</a>
+distribution.
+This interface is similar to that for regular Python classes as
+described in detail in the
+<a href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-pickle.html"
+>Python Library Reference for pickle.</a>
+
+<hr>
+<h2>The Boost.Python Pickle Interface</h2>
+
+At the user level, the Boost.Python pickle interface involves three special
+methods:
+
+<dl>
+<dt>
+<strong><tt>__getinitargs__</tt></strong>
+<dd>
+  When an instance of a Boost.Python extension class is pickled, the
+  pickler tests if the instance has a <tt>__getinitargs__</tt> method.
+  This method must return a Python tuple (it is most convenient to use
+  a boost::python::tuple). When the instance is restored by the
+  unpickler, the contents of this tuple are used as the arguments for
+  the class constructor.
+
+  <p>
+  If <tt>__getinitargs__</tt> is not defined, the class constructor
+  will be called without arguments.
+
+<p>
+<dt>
+<strong><tt>__getstate__</tt></strong>
+
+<dd>
+  When an instance of a Boost.Python extension class is pickled, the
+  pickler tests if the instance has a <tt>__getstate__</tt> method.
+  This method should return a Python object representing the state of
+  the instance.
+
+  <p>
+  If <tt>__getstate__</tt> is not defined, the instance's
+  <tt>__dict__</tt> is pickled (if it is not empty).
+
+<p>
+<dt>
+<strong><tt>__setstate__</tt></strong>
+
+<dd>
+  When an instance of a Boost.Python extension class is restored by the
+  unpickler, it is first constructed using the result of
+  <tt>__getinitargs__</tt> as arguments (see above). Subsequently the
+  unpickler tests if the new instance has a <tt>__setstate__</tt>
+  method. If so, this method is called with the result of
+  <tt>__getstate__</tt> (a Python object) as the argument.
+
+  <p>
+  If <tt>__setstate__</tt> is not defined, the result of
+  <tt>__getstate__</tt> must be a Python dictionary. The items of this
+  dictionary are added to the instance's <tt>__dict__</tt>.
+
+</dl>
+
+If both <tt>__getstate__</tt> and <tt>__setstate__</tt> are defined,
+the Python object returned by <tt>__getstate__</tt> need not be a
+dictionary. The <tt>__getstate__</tt> and <tt>__setstate__</tt> methods
+can do what they want.
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Pitfalls and Safety Guards</h2>
+
+In Boost.Python extension modules with many extension classes,
+providing complete pickle support for all classes would be a
+significant overhead. In general complete pickle support should only be
+implemented for extension classes that will eventually be pickled.
+However, the author of a Boost.Python extension module might not
+anticipate correctly which classes need support for pickle.
+Unfortunately, the pickle protocol described above has two important
+pitfalls that the end user of a Boost.Python extension module might not
+be aware of:
+
+<dl>
+<dt>
+<strong>Pitfall 1:</strong>
+Both <tt>__getinitargs__</tt> and <tt>__getstate__</tt> are not defined.
+
+<dd>
+  In this situation the unpickler calls the class constructor without
+  arguments and then adds the <tt>__dict__</tt> that was pickled by
+  default to that of the new instance.
+
+  <p>
+  However, most C++ classes wrapped with Boost.Python will have member
+  data that are not restored correctly by this procedure. To alert the
+  user to this problem, a safety guard is provided. If both
+  <tt>__getinitargs__</tt> and <tt>__getstate__</tt> are not defined,
+  Boost.Python tests if the class has an attribute
+  <tt>__dict_defines_state__</tt>. An exception is raised if this
+  attribute is not defined:
+
+<pre>
+    RuntimeError: Incomplete pickle support (__dict_defines_state__ not set)
+</pre>
+
+  In the rare cases where this is not the desired behavior, the safety
+  guard can deliberately be disabled. The corresponding C++ code for
+  this is, e.g.:
+
+<pre>
+    class_builder&lt;your_class&gt; py_your_class(your_module, "your_class");
+    py_your_class.dict_defines_state();
+</pre>
+
+  It is also possible to override the safety guard at the Python level.
+  E.g.:
+
+<pre>
+    import your_bpl_module
+    class your_class(your_bpl_module.your_class):
+      __dict_defines_state__ = 1
+</pre>
+
+<p>
+<dt>
+<strong>Pitfall 2:</strong>
+<tt>__getstate__</tt> is defined and the instance's <tt>__dict__</tt> is not empty.
+
+<dd>
+  The author of a Boost.Python extension class might provide a
+  <tt>__getstate__</tt> method without considering the possibilities
+  that:
+
+  <p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>
+    his class is used in Python as a base class. Most likely the
+    <tt>__dict__</tt> of instances of the derived class needs to be
+    pickled in order to restore the instances correctly.
+
+  <p>
+  <li>
+    the user adds items to the instance's <tt>__dict__</tt> directly.
+    Again, the <tt>__dict__</tt> of the instance then needs to be
+    pickled.
+
+  </ul>
+  <p>
+
+  To alert the user to this highly unobvious problem, a safety guard is
+  provided. If <tt>__getstate__</tt> is defined and the instance's
+  <tt>__dict__</tt> is not empty, Boost.Python tests if the class has
+  an attribute <tt>__getstate_manages_dict__</tt>. An exception is
+  raised if this attribute is not defined:
+
+<pre>
+    RuntimeError: Incomplete pickle support (__getstate_manages_dict__ not set)
+</pre>
+
+  To resolve this problem, it should first be established that the
+  <tt>__getstate__</tt> and <tt>__setstate__</tt> methods manage the
+  instances's <tt>__dict__</tt> correctly. Note that this can be done
+  both at the C++ and the Python level. Finally, the safety guard
+  should intentionally be overridden.  E.g. in C++:
+
+<pre>
+    class_builder&lt;your_class&gt; py_your_class(your_module, "your_class");
+    py_your_class.getstate_manages_dict();
+</pre>
+
+  In Python:
+
+<pre>
+    import your_bpl_module
+    class your_class(your_bpl_module.your_class):
+      __getstate_manages_dict__ = 1
+      def __getstate__(self):
+        # your code here
+      def __setstate__(self, state):
+        # your code here
+</pre>
+</dl>
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Practical Advice</h2>
+
+<ul>
+<li>
+  Avoid using <tt>__getstate__</tt> if the instance can also be
+  reconstructed by way of <tt>__getinitargs__</tt>. This automatically
+  avoids Pitfall 2.
+
+<p>
+<li>
+  If <tt>__getstate__</tt> is required, include the instance's
+  <tt>__dict__</tt> in the Python object that is returned.
+
+</ul>
+
+<hr>
+<h2>Examples</h2>
+
+There are three files in <tt>boost/libs/python/example</tt> that
+show how so provide pickle support.
+
+<h3><a href="../example/pickle1.cpp"><tt>pickle1.cpp</tt></a></h3>
+
+    The C++ class in this example can be fully restored by passing the
+    appropriate argument to the constructor. Therefore it is sufficient
+    to define the pickle interface method <tt>__getinitargs__</tt>.
+
+<h3><a href="../example/pickle2.cpp"><tt>pickle2.cpp</tt></a></h3>
+
+    The C++ class in this example contains member data that cannot be
+    restored by any of the constructors. Therefore it is necessary to
+    provide the <tt>__getstate__</tt>/<tt>__setstate__</tt> pair of
+    pickle interface methods.
+
+    <p>
+    For simplicity, the <tt>__dict__</tt> is not included in the result
+    of <tt>__getstate__</tt>. This is not generally recommended, but a
+    valid approach if it is anticipated that the object's
+    <tt>__dict__</tt> will always be empty. Note that the safety guards
+    will catch the cases where this assumption is violated.
+
+<h3><a href="../example/pickle3.cpp"><tt>pickle3.cpp</tt></a></h3>
+
+    This example is similar to <a
+    href="../example/pickle2.cpp"><tt>pickle2.cpp</tt></a>. However, the
+    object's <tt>__dict__</tt> is included in the result of
+    <tt>__getstate__</tt>.  This requires more code but is unavoidable
+    if the object's <tt>__dict__</tt> is not always empty.
+
+<hr>
+&copy; Copyright Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve 2001. Permission to copy,
+use, modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
+copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as
+is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
+suitability for any purpose.
+
+<p>
+Updated: March 21, 2001
+</div>

doc/pointers.html

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
       <p>
 In general, raw pointers passed to or returned from functions are problematic
-for BPL because pointers have too many potential meanings. Is it an iterator?
+for Boost.Python because pointers have too many potential meanings. Is it an iterator?
 A pointer to a single element? An array? When used as a return value, is the
 caller expected to manage (delete) the pointed-to object or is the pointer
 really just a reference? If the latter, what happens to Python references to the
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const Foo& f_wrapper() { return *f(); }
 my_module.def(f_wrapper, "f");
 </pre></blockquote>
 <p>
-Foo must have a public copy constructor for this technique to work, since BPL
+Foo must have a public copy constructor for this technique to work, since Boost.Python
 converts <code>const T&</code> values <code>to_python</code> by copying the <code>T</code>
 value into a new extension instance.
 
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ code before the last Python reference to it disappears:
 BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE // this is a gcc 2.95.2 bug workaround
   PyObject* to_python(Foo* p)
   {
-      return boost::python::PyExtensionClassConverters<Foo>::ptr_to_python(p);
+      return boost::python::python_extension_class_converters&lt;Foo&gt::ptr_to_python(p);
   }
 
   PyObject* to_python(const Foo* p)
   {
-      return to_python(const_cast<Foo*>(p));
+      return to_python(const_cast&lt;Foo*&gt;(p));
   }
 BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
 </pre></blockquote>

doc/special.html

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
          Overview
       </h2>
       <p>
-         BPL supports all of the standard <a href=
-        "http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/specialnames.html">
+         Boost.Python supports all of the standard <a href=
+        "http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/specialnames.html">
         special method names</a> supported by real Python class instances <em>
         except</em> <code>__complex__</code> (more on the reasons <a href=
         "#reasons">below</a>). In addition, it can quickly and easily expose
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
       Python provides a number of special operators for basic customization of a
       class. Only a brief description is provided below; more complete
       documentation can be found <a
-      href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/customization.html">here</a>.
+      href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/customization.html">here</a>.
 
       <dl>
         <dt>
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
           
           <pre>    my_class.def(boost::python::constructor<...>())</pre> 
           
-          (see section <a href="example1.html">"A Simple Example Using BPL"</a>).<p>
+          (see section <a href="example1.html">"A Simple Example Using Boost.Python"</a>).<p>
         <dt>
           <b><tt class='method'>__del__</tt></b>(<i>self</i>)
         <dd>
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ std::string to_string(Foo const&amp; f)
 boost::python::class_builder&lt;Foo&gt; foo_class(my_module, "Foo");
 foo_class.def(&amp;to_string, "__str__");
 </pre></blockquote>
-      Note that BPL also supports <em>automatic wrapping</em> of
+      Note that Boost.Python also supports <em>automatic wrapping</em> of
       <code>__str__</code> and <code>__cmp__</code>. This is explained in the <a
       href="#numeric">next section</a> and the <a href="#numeric_table">Table of
       Automatically Wrapped Methods</a>.
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ foo_class.def(&amp;to_string, "__str__");
 <p>
       Numeric operators can be exposed manually, by <code>def</code>ing C++
       [member] functions that support the standard Python <a
-      href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/numeric-types.html">numeric
+      href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/numeric-types.html">numeric
       protocols</a>. This is the same basic technique used to expose
       <code>to_string()</code> as <code>__str__()</code> above, and is <a
-      href="#numeric_manual">covered in detail below</a>.  BPL also supports
+      href="#numeric_manual">covered in detail below</a>.  Boost.Python also supports
       <i>automatic wrapping</i> of numeric operators whenever they have already
       been defined in C++.
 
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ a = i + b;
 bignum_class.def(boost::python::operators&lt;boost::python::op_add&gt;(), boost::python::right_operand&lt;int&gt;());
 bignum_class.def(boost::python::operators&lt;boost::python::op_add&gt;(), boost::python::left_operand&lt;int&gt;());
 </pre></blockquote>
-      BPL uses overloading to register several variants of the same
+      Boost.Python uses overloading to register several variants of the same
       operation (more on this in the context of <a href="#coercion">
       coercion</a>). Again, several operators can be exported at once: 
 <blockquote><pre>
@@ -283,13 +283,13 @@ bignum_class.def(&amp;rmod,  "__rmod__");
       coercion functions can be difficult if many type combinations must be
       supported. 
       <p>
-        BPL solves this problem the same way that C++ does: with <em><a
+        Boost.Python solves this problem the same way that C++ does: with <em><a
         href="overloading.html">overloading</a></em>. This technique drastically
         simplifies the code neccessary to support operators: you just register
-        operators for all desired type combinations, and BPL automatically
+        operators for all desired type combinations, and Boost.Python automatically
         ensures that the correct function is called in each case; there is no
         need for user-defined coercion functions. To enable operator
-        overloading, BPL provides a standard coercion which is <em>implicitly
+        overloading, Boost.Python provides a standard coercion which is <em>implicitly
         registered</em> whenever automatic operator wrapping is used.
       <p>
         If you wrap all operator functions manually, but still want to use
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ bignum_class.def((ternary_function2)&amp;power,  "__pow__");
 
       In the second variant, however, <code>BigNum</code> appears only as second
       argument, and in the last one it's the third argument. These functions
-      must be presented to BPL such that that the <code>BigNum</code>
+      must be presented to Boost.Python such that that the <code>BigNum</code>
       argument appears in first position:
 
 <blockquote><pre>
@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ Note that "__rrpow__" is an extension not present in plain Python.
 
 <h2><a name="numeric_table">Table of Automatically Wrapped Methods</a></h2>
       <p>
-         BPL can automatically wrap the following <a href=
-         "http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/specialnames.html">
+         Boost.Python can automatically wrap the following <a href=
+         "http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/specialnames.html">
          special methods</a>:
 
       <p>
@@ -672,12 +672,12 @@ for (iterator i = S.begin(), end = S.end(); i != end; ++i)
 
       <p>
         It is a better idea to support the standard <a
-        href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/sequence-types.html">Python
+        href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/sequence-types.html">Python
         sequence and mapping protocols</a> for your wrapped containers. These
         operators have to be wrapped manually because there are no corresponding
         C++ operators that could be used for automatic wrapping. The Python
         documentation lists the relevant <a href=
-        "http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/sequence-types.html">
+        "http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/sequence-types.html">
         container operators</a>. In particular, expose __getitem__, __setitem__
         and remember to raise the appropriate Python exceptions
         (<code>PyExc_IndexError</code> for sequences,
@@ -772,13 +772,13 @@ KeyError: 2
 <h2><a name="getter_setter">Customized Attribute Access</a></h2>
 
       <p>
-        Just like built-in Python classes, BPL extension classes support <a
-        href="http://www.pythonlabs.com/pub/www.python.org/doc/current/ref/attribute-access.html">special
+        Just like built-in Python classes, Boost.Python extension classes support <a
+        href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/attribute-access.html">special
         the usual attribute access methods</a> <code>__getattr__</code>,
         <code>__setattr__</code>, and <code>__delattr__</code>.
         Because writing these functions can
         be tedious in the common case where the attributes being accessed are
-        known statically, BPL checks the special names
+        known statically, Boost.Python checks the special names
 
       <ul>
         <li>
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ KeyError: 2
       following shows how we can implement a ``computed attribute'' in Python: 
       <blockquote>
 <pre>
-&gt;&gt;&gt; class Range(AnyBPLExtensionClass):
+&gt;&gt;&gt; class Range(AnyBoost.PythonExtensionClass):
 ...    def __init__(self, start, end):
 ...        self.start = start
 ...        self.end = end
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ KeyError: 2
          Direct Access to Data Members
       </h4>
       <p>
-         BPL uses the special <code>
+         Boost.Python uses the special <code>
         __xxxattr__<em>&lt;name&gt;</em>__</code> functionality described above
         to allow direct access to data members through the following special
         functions on <code>class_builder&lt;&gt;</code> and <code>

doc/under-the-hood.html

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
       "example1.html#add_world_class">add it to the module</a> it goes into the
       module's dictionary to be looked up under the name "world".
     <p>
-      BPL uses C++'s template argument deduction mechanism to determine the
+      Boost.Python uses C++'s template argument deduction mechanism to determine the
       types of arguments to functions (except constructors, for which we must
       <a href="example1.html#Constructor_example">provide an argument list</a>
       because they can't be named in C++). Then, it calls the appropriate
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
       the top of your module's init function, then <code>def</code> the member
       functions later to avoid problems with inter-class dependencies.
     <p>
-      Next: <a href="building.html">Building a Module with BPL</a>
+      Next: <a href="building.html">Building a Module with Boost.Python</a>
       Previous: <a href="special.html">Special Method and Operator Support</a>
       Up: <a href="index.html">Top</a>
     <p>

example/README

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+To get started with the Boost Python Library, use the examples
+getting_started1.cpp and getting_started2.cpp.
+
+Examples for providing pickle support can be found in:
+  pickle1.cpp
+  pickle2.cpp
+  pickle3.cpp
+See also: libs/python/doc/pickle.html
+
+Other advanced concepts are introduced by:
+  abstract.cpp
+  simple_vector.cpp
+  do_it_yourself_converters.cpp
+
+Examples for the cross-module support are provided by:
+  noncopyable_export.cpp
+  noncopyable_import.cpp
+  dvect.cpp
+  ivect.cpp
+See also: libs/python/doc/cross_module.html
+
+The files example1.cpp and rwgk1.cpp are obsolete. They are only
+included because the Visual Studio project in the build directory still
+refers to them.

example/abstract.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Example by Ullrich Koethe
+#include "boost/python/class_builder.hpp"
+#include <string>
+
+struct Abstract
+{
+    virtual std::string test() = 0;
+};
+
+struct Abstract_callback: Abstract
+{
+    Abstract_callback(PyObject * self)
+    : m_self(self)
+    {}
+
+    std::string test()
+    {
+      return boost::python::callback<std::string>::call_method(m_self, "test");
+    }
+
+    PyObject * m_self;
+};
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(abstract)
+{
+    boost::python::module_builder a("abstract");
+
+    boost::python::class_builder<Abstract, Abstract_callback>
+        a_class(a, "Abstract");
+    a_class.def(boost::python::constructor<>()); // wrap a constructor
+    a_class.def(&Abstract::test, "test");
+}

example/do_it_yourself_converters.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+/*
+
+   This example shows how to convert a class from and to native
+   Python objects, such as tuples.
+
+   We do not want to expose the helper class MillerIndex as an
+   Extension Class. However, in order to simplify the wrapper code,
+   we want to define from_python() and to_python() functions for
+   class MillerIndex.
+
+   Consider the alternatives:
+
+     - Expose MillerIndex as an Extension Class.
+         We need a constructor MillerIndex(python::tuple).
+         Python function calls become more complex:
+           foo(MillerIndex((1,2,3)) instead of foo((1,2,3))
+         We need a method such as MillerIndex().as_tuple().
+
+     - Define a wrapper function for each function that we
+       want to expose, e.g.:
+          void add(const IndexingSet& ixset, const python::tuple PyMIx)
+
+   The first alternative introduces a new type that the user has to
+   deal with. Other modules using Miller indices might organize them in
+   different ways, for example to increase runtime efficiency for
+   important procedures. This means, the user has to know how to
+   convert between the different kinds of Miller index representations.
+   This can quickly become a nuisance. Relying on native Python data
+   structures minimizes the number of special types the user has to
+   learn and convert. Of course, this argument is only valid for
+   small and relatively simply classes.
+
+   If there are many member functions with MillerIndex arguments, the
+   second alternative is impractical, and concentrating the conversion
+   mechanism in one central place is essential for code
+   maintainability.  An added benefit is that more convenient (smarter)
+   conversion functions can be provided without cluttering the rest of
+   the wrapper code.
+
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // The helper class.
+  //
+  class MillerIndex {
+    public:
+      int v[3];
+  };
+
+  // The main class. Imagine that there are MANY member functions
+  // like add() and get().
+  //
+  class IndexingSet {
+    private:
+      std::vector<MillerIndex> VMIx;
+    public:
+      void add(const MillerIndex& MIx) { VMIx.push_back(MIx); }
+      MillerIndex get(std::size_t i) const { return VMIx[i]; }
+  };
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+  // Convert a Python tuple to a MillerIndex object.
+  //
+  MillerIndex from_python(PyObject* p, python::type<const MillerIndex&>)
+  {
+    python::tuple tup
+      = python::tuple(python::ref(p, python::ref::increment_count));
+    if (tup.size() != 3) {
+      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+        "expecting exactly 3 values in tuple.");
+      throw python::error_already_set();
+    }
+    MillerIndex result;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+      result.v[i] = from_python(tup[i].get(), python::type<int>());
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Similar conversion for MillerIndex objects passed by value.
+  // Not actually used, but included to show the principle.
+  //
+  MillerIndex from_python(PyObject* p, python::type<MillerIndex>)
+  {
+    return from_python(p, python::type<const MillerIndex&>());
+  }
+
+  // Convert a MillerIndex object to a Python tuple.
+  //
+  PyObject* to_python(const MillerIndex& hkl)
+  {
+    python::tuple result(3);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+      result.set_item(i, python::ref(to_python(hkl.v[i])));
+    return result.reference().release();
+  }
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(do_it_yourself_converters)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("do_it_yourself_converters");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder<IndexingSet> ixset_class(this_module, "IndexingSet");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    ixset_class.def(python::constructor<>());
+    // Add the member functions.
+    ixset_class.def(&IndexingSet::add, "add");
+    ixset_class.def(&IndexingSet::get, "get");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/dvect.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+// See root/libs/python/doc/cross_module.html for an introduction.
+
+#include "dvect.h"
+#include "ivect.h"
+#include <boost/python/cross_module.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace {
+
+# include "dvect_conversions.cpp"
+# include "ivect_conversions.cpp"
+
+  vects::ivect dvect_as_ivect(const vects::dvect& dv)
+  {
+    vects::ivect iv(dv.size());
+    vects::ivect::iterator iviter = iv.begin();
+    for (int i = 0; i < dv.size(); i++) iviter[i] = static_cast<int>(dv[i]);
+    return iv;
+  }
+}
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC // fixes for JIT debugging
+#  include <windows.h>
+extern "C" void structured_exception_translator(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+{
+    throw;
+}
+extern "C" void (*old_translator)(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+    = _set_se_translator(structured_exception_translator);
+# endif
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(dvect)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    python::module_builder this_module("dvect");
+
+    python::class_builder<vects::dvect> dvect_class(this_module, "dvect");
+    python::export_converters(dvect_class);
+
+    python::import_converters<vects::ivect> ivect_converters("ivect", "ivect");
+
+    dvect_class.def(python::constructor<python::tuple>());
+    dvect_class.def(&vects::dvect::as_tuple, "as_tuple");
+    dvect_class.def(dvect_as_ivect, "as_ivect");
+
+# include "dvect_defs.cpp"
+# include "ivect_defs.cpp"
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}
+

example/dvect.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef DVECT_H
+#define DVECT_H
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+
+namespace vects {
+
+  struct dvect : public std::vector<double>
+  {
+    dvect() : std::vector<double>() {}
+    dvect(size_t n) : std::vector<double>(n) {}
+    dvect(boost::python::tuple tuple) : std::vector<double>(tuple.size())
+    {
+      std::vector<double>::iterator v_it = begin();
+      for (int i = 0; i < tuple.size(); i++)
+        v_it[i] = BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(tuple[i].get(),
+          boost::python::type<double>());
+    }
+
+    boost::python::tuple as_tuple() const
+    {
+      boost::python::tuple t(size());
+      for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++)
+        t.set_item(i,
+          boost::python::ref(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python((*this)[i])));
+      return t;
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // DVECT_H

example/dvect_conversions.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+  // basics first: const reference converters
+  boost::python::tuple const_dvect_reference_as_tuple(const vects::dvect& dv)
+  {
+    return dv.as_tuple();
+  }
+
+  // to_python smart pointer conversions
+  std::auto_ptr<vects::dvect> dvect_as_auto_ptr(const vects::dvect& dv)
+  {
+    return std::auto_ptr<vects::dvect>(new vects::dvect(dv));
+  }
+  boost::shared_ptr<vects::dvect> dvect_as_shared_ptr(const vects::dvect& dv)
+  {
+    return boost::shared_ptr<vects::dvect>(new vects::dvect(dv));
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by value
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(std::auto_ptr<vects::dvect> dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(boost::shared_ptr<vects::dvect> dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by reference
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(std::auto_ptr<vects::dvect>& dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(boost::shared_ptr<vects::dvect>& dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by const reference
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(const std::auto_ptr<vects::dvect>& dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(const boost::shared_ptr<vects::dvect>& dv)
+  {
+    if (dv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return dv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }

example/dvect_defs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+    this_module.def(dvect_as_auto_ptr, "dvect_as_auto_ptr");
+    this_module.def(dvect_as_shared_ptr, "dvect_as_shared_ptr");
+
+    this_module.def(const_dvect_reference_as_tuple, "const_dvect_reference_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple");

example/getting_started1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A couple of simple C++ functions that we want to expose to Python.
+  std::string greet() { return "hello, world"; }
+  int square(int number) { return number * number; }
+}
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+// Python requires an exported function called init<module-name> in every
+// extension module. This is where we build the module contents.
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(getting_started1)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("getting_started1");
+
+    // Add regular functions to the module.
+    this_module.def(greet, "greet");
+    this_module.def(square, "square");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/getting_started2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A friendly class.
+  class hello
+  {
+    public:
+      hello(const std::string& country) { this->country = country; }
+      std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country; }
+    private:
+      std::string country;
+  };
+
+  // A function taking a hello object as an argument.
+  std::string invite(const hello& w) {
+    return w.greet() + "! Please come soon!";
+  }
+}
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(getting_started2)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("getting_started2");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder<hello> hello_class(this_module, "hello");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    hello_class.def(python::constructor<std::string>());
+    // Add a regular member function.
+    hello_class.def(&hello::greet, "greet");
+
+    // Add invite() as a regular function to the module.
+    this_module.def(invite, "invite");
+
+    // Even better, invite() can also be made a member of hello_class!!!
+    hello_class.def(invite, "invite");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/ivect.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+// See root/libs/python/doc/cross_module.html for an introduction.
+
+#include "dvect.h"
+#include "ivect.h"
+#include <boost/python/cross_module.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace {
+
+# include "dvect_conversions.cpp"
+# include "ivect_conversions.cpp"
+
+  vects::dvect ivect_as_dvect(const vects::ivect& iv)
+  {
+    vects::dvect dv(iv.size());
+    vects::dvect::iterator dviter = dv.begin();
+    for (int i = 0; i < iv.size(); i++) dviter[i] = static_cast<double>(iv[i]);
+    return dv;
+  }
+}
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC // fixes for JIT debugging
+#  include <windows.h>
+extern "C" void structured_exception_translator(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+{
+    throw;
+}
+extern "C" void (*old_translator)(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+    = _set_se_translator(structured_exception_translator);
+# endif
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(ivect)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    python::module_builder this_module("ivect");
+
+    python::class_builder<vects::ivect> ivect_class(this_module, "ivect");
+    python::export_converters(ivect_class);
+
+    python::import_converters<vects::dvect> dvect_converters("dvect", "dvect");
+
+    ivect_class.def(python::constructor<python::tuple>());
+    ivect_class.def(&vects::ivect::as_tuple, "as_tuple");
+    ivect_class.def(ivect_as_dvect, "as_dvect");
+
+# include "dvect_defs.cpp"
+# include "ivect_defs.cpp"
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}
+

example/ivect.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef IVECT_H
+#define IVECT_H
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+
+namespace vects {
+
+  struct ivect : public std::vector<int>
+  {
+    ivect() : std::vector<int>() {}
+    ivect(size_t n) : std::vector<int>(n) {}
+    ivect(boost::python::tuple tuple) : std::vector<int>(tuple.size())
+    {
+      std::vector<int>::iterator v_it = begin();
+      for (int i = 0; i < tuple.size(); i++)
+        v_it[i] = BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(tuple[i].get(),
+          boost::python::type<int>());
+    }
+
+    boost::python::tuple as_tuple() const
+    {
+      boost::python::tuple t(size());
+      for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++)
+        t.set_item(i,
+          boost::python::ref(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python((*this)[i])));
+      return t;
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // IVECT_H

example/ivect_conversions.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+  // basics first: const reference converters
+  boost::python::tuple const_ivect_reference_as_tuple(const vects::ivect& iv)
+  {
+    return iv.as_tuple();
+  }
+
+  // to_python smart pointer conversions
+  std::auto_ptr<vects::ivect> ivect_as_auto_ptr(const vects::ivect& iv)
+  {
+    return std::auto_ptr<vects::ivect>(new vects::ivect(iv));
+  }
+  boost::shared_ptr<vects::ivect> ivect_as_shared_ptr(const vects::ivect& iv)
+  {
+    return boost::shared_ptr<vects::ivect>(new vects::ivect(iv));
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by value
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(std::auto_ptr<vects::ivect> iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(boost::shared_ptr<vects::ivect> iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by reference
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(std::auto_ptr<vects::ivect>& iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(boost::shared_ptr<vects::ivect>& iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+
+  // smart pointers passed by const reference
+  boost::python::ref auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(const std::auto_ptr<vects::ivect>& iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }
+  boost::python::ref shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(const boost::shared_ptr<vects::ivect>& iv)
+  {
+    if (iv.get() == 0) return boost::python::ref(Py_None, boost::python::ref::increment_count);
+    return iv->as_tuple().reference();
+  }

example/ivect_defs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+    this_module.def(ivect_as_auto_ptr, "ivect_as_auto_ptr");
+    this_module.def(ivect_as_shared_ptr, "ivect_as_shared_ptr");
+
+    this_module.def(const_ivect_reference_as_tuple, "const_ivect_reference_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple, "auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple");
+    this_module.def(shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple, "shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple");

example/noncopyable.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef NONCOPYABLE_H
+#define NONCOPYABLE_H
+
+class store
+{
+  private:
+    store(const store&) { } // Disable the copy constructor.
+    int number;
+  public:
+    store(const int i) : number(i) { }
+    int recall() const { return number; }
+};
+
+#endif // NONCOPYABLE_H

example/noncopyable_export.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+// See root/libs/python/doc/cross_module.html for an introduction.
+
+#include <boost/python/cross_module.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+#include "noncopyable.h"
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC // fixes for JIT debugging
+#  include <windows.h>
+extern "C" void structured_exception_translator(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+{
+    throw;
+}
+extern "C" void (*old_translator)(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+    = _set_se_translator(structured_exception_translator);
+# endif
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(noncopyable_export)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    python::module_builder this_module("noncopyable_export");
+
+    python::class_builder<store> store_class(this_module, "store");
+    python::export_converters_noncopyable(store_class);
+
+    store_class.def(python::constructor<int>());
+    store_class.def(&store::recall, "recall");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/noncopyable_import.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+// See root/libs/python/doc/cross_module.html for an introduction.
+
+#include <boost/python/cross_module.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+#include "noncopyable.h"
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A function with store objects as both input and output parameters.
+  // Because the copy constructor is disabled, we cannot pass a store
+  // object by value. Instead, we pass a smart pointer.
+  std::auto_ptr<store> add_stores(const store& s1, const store& s2)
+  {
+    int sum = s1.recall() + s2.recall();
+    std::auto_ptr<store> ss = std::auto_ptr<store>(new store(sum));
+    return ss;
+  }
+}
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC // fixes for JIT debugging
+#  include <windows.h>
+extern "C" void structured_exception_translator(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+{
+    throw;
+}
+extern "C" void (*old_translator)(unsigned int, EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)
+    = _set_se_translator(structured_exception_translator);
+# endif
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(noncopyable_import)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    python::module_builder this_module("noncopyable_import");
+
+    python::import_converters<store>
+      dvect_converters("noncopyable_export", "store");
+
+    // Imagine all the additional classes with member functions
+    // that have store objects as input and output parameters.
+    // Lots and lots of them.
+    // However, to keep this example simple, we only define a
+    // module-level function.
+    this_module.def(add_stores, "add_stores");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/pickle1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+/*
+    This example shows how to make an Extension Class "pickleable".
+
+    The world class below can be fully restored by passing the
+    appropriate argument to the constructor. Therefore it is sufficient
+    to define the pickle interface method __getinitargs__.
+
+    For more information refer to boost/libs/python/doc/pickle.html.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A friendly class.
+  class world
+  {
+    private:
+      std::string country;
+      int secret_number;
+    public:
+      world(const std::string& country) : secret_number(0) {
+        this->country = country;
+      }
+      std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country + "!"; }
+      std::string get_country() const { return country; }
+  };
+
+  // Support for pickle.
+  python::ref world_getinitargs(const world& w) {
+      python::tuple result(1);
+      result.set_item(0, w.get_country());
+      return result.reference();
+  }
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(pickle1)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("pickle1");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder<world> world_class(this_module, "world");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    world_class.def(python::constructor<std::string>());
+    // Add a regular member function.
+    world_class.def(&world::greet, "greet");
+
+    // Support for pickle.
+    world_class.def(world_getinitargs, "__getinitargs__");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/pickle2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+/*
+    This example shows how to make an Extension Class "pickleable".
+
+    The world class below contains member data (secret_number) that
+    cannot be restored by any of the constructors. Therefore it is
+    necessary to provide the __getstate__/__setstate__ pair of pickle
+    interface methods.
+
+    For simplicity, the __dict__ is not included in the result of
+    __getstate__. This is not generally recommended, but a valid
+    approach if it is anticipated that the object's __dict__ will
+    always be empty. Note that safety guard are provided to catch the
+    cases where this assumption is not true.
+
+    pickle3.cpp shows how to include the object's __dict__ in the
+    result of __getstate__.
+
+    For more information refer to boost/libs/python/doc/pickle.html.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A friendly class.
+  class world
+  {
+    public:
+      world(const std::string& country) : secret_number(0) {
+        this->country = country;
+      }
+      std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country + "!"; }
+      std::string get_country() const { return country; }
+      void set_secret_number(int number) { secret_number = number; }
+      int get_secret_number() const { return secret_number; }
+    private:
+      std::string country;
+      int secret_number;
+  };
+
+  // Support for pickle.
+
+  using BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python;
+
+  python::ref world_getinitargs(const world& w) {
+      python::tuple result(1);
+      result.set_item(0, w.get_country());
+      return result.reference(); // returning the reference avoids the copying.
+  }
+
+  python::ref world_getstate(const world& w) {
+      python::tuple result(1);
+      result.set_item(0, w.get_secret_number());
+      return result.reference(); // returning the reference avoids the copying.
+  }
+
+  void world_setstate(world& w, python::tuple state) {
+    if (state.size() != 1) {
+      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+        "Unexpected argument in call to __setstate__.");
+      throw python::error_already_set();
+    }
+    int number = from_python(state[0].get(), python::type<int>());
+    if (number != 42)
+      w.set_secret_number(number);
+  }
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(pickle2)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("pickle2");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder<world> world_class(this_module, "world");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    world_class.def(python::constructor<std::string>());
+    // Add a regular member function.
+    world_class.def(&world::greet, "greet");
+    world_class.def(&world::get_secret_number, "get_secret_number");
+    world_class.def(&world::set_secret_number, "set_secret_number");
+
+    // Support for pickle.
+    world_class.def(world_getinitargs, "__getinitargs__");
+    world_class.def(world_getstate, "__getstate__");
+    world_class.def(world_setstate, "__setstate__");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/pickle3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+/*
+    This example shows how to make an Extension Class "pickleable".
+
+    The world class below contains member data (secret_number) that
+    cannot be restored by any of the constructors. Therefore it is
+    necessary to provide the __getstate__/__setstate__ pair of pickle
+    interface methods.
+
+    The object's __dict__ is included in the result of __getstate__.
+    This requires more code (compare with pickle2.cpp), but is
+    unavoidable if the object's __dict__ is not always empty.
+
+    For more information refer to boost/libs/python/doc/pickle.html.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+  ref getattr(PyObject* o, const std::string& attr_name) {
+    return ref(PyObject_GetAttrString(o, const_cast<char*>(attr_name.c_str())));
+  }
+  ref getattr(const ref& r, const std::string& attr_name) {
+    return getattr(r.get(), attr_name);
+  }
+
+}}
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A friendly class.
+  class world
+  {
+    public:
+      world(const std::string& country) : secret_number(0) {
+        this->country = country;
+      }
+      std::string greet() const { return "Hello from " + country + "!"; }
+      std::string get_country() const { return country; }
+      void set_secret_number(int number) { secret_number = number; }
+      int get_secret_number() const { return secret_number; }
+    private:
+      std::string country;
+      int secret_number;
+  };
+
+  // Support for pickle.
+  python::ref world_getinitargs(const world& w) {
+      python::tuple result(1);
+      result.set_item(0, w.get_country());
+      return result.reference(); // returning the reference avoids the copying.
+  }
+
+  python::ref world_getstate(python::tuple const & args,
+                             python::dictionary const & keywords);
+
+  PyObject* world_setstate(python::tuple const & args,
+                           python::dictionary const & keywords);
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(pickle3)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Create an object representing this extension module.
+    python::module_builder this_module("pickle3");
+
+    // Create the Python type object for our extension class.
+    python::class_builder<world> world_class(this_module, "world");
+
+    // Add the __init__ function.
+    world_class.def(python::constructor<std::string>());
+    // Add a regular member function.
+    world_class.def(&world::greet, "greet");
+    world_class.def(&world::get_secret_number, "get_secret_number");
+    world_class.def(&world::set_secret_number, "set_secret_number");
+
+    // Support for pickle.
+    world_class.def(world_getinitargs, "__getinitargs__");
+    world_class.def_raw(world_getstate, "__getstate__");
+    world_class.def_raw(world_setstate, "__setstate__");
+    world_class.getstate_manages_dict();
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+  using BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python;
+  using boost::python::type;
+  using boost::python::ref;
+  using boost::python::tuple;
+  using boost::python::list;
+  using boost::python::dictionary;
+  using boost::python::getattr;
+
+  ref world_getstate(tuple const & args, dictionary const & keywords)
+  {
+      if(args.size() != 1 || keywords.size() != 0) {
+          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "wrong number of arguments");
+          throw boost::python::argument_error();
+      }
+      const world& w = from_python(args[0].get(), type<const world&>());
+      ref mydict = getattr(args[0], "__dict__");
+      tuple result(2);
+      // store the object's __dict__
+      result.set_item(0, mydict);
+      // store the internal state of the C++ object
+      result.set_item(1, w.get_secret_number());
+      return result.reference(); // returning the reference avoids the copying.
+  }
+
+  PyObject* world_setstate(tuple const & args, dictionary const & keywords)
+  {
+      if(args.size() != 2 || keywords.size() != 0) {
+          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "wrong number of arguments");
+          throw boost::python::argument_error();
+      }
+      world& w = from_python(args[0].get(), type<world&>());
+      ref mydict = getattr(args[0], "__dict__");
+      tuple state = from_python(args[1].get(), type<tuple>());
+      if (state.size() != 2) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+          "Unexpected argument in call to __setstate__.");
+        throw python::error_already_set();
+      }
+      // restore the object's __dict__
+      dictionary odict = from_python(mydict.get(), type<dictionary>());
+      const dictionary& pdict = from_python(state[0].get(), type<const dictionary&>());
+      list pkeys(pdict.keys());
+      for (int i = 0; i < pkeys.size(); i++) {
+        ref k(pkeys[i]);
+        //odict[k] = pdict[k]; // XXX memory leak!
+        odict[k] = pdict.get_item(k); // this does not leak.
+      }
+      // restore the internal state of the C++ object
+      int number = from_python(state[1].get(), type<int>());
+      if (number != 42)
+        w.set_secret_number(number);
+      return python::detail::none();
+  }
+}

example/simple_vector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Example by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve
+
+#include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+namespace python = boost::python;
+
+namespace { // Avoid cluttering the global namespace.
+
+  // A wrapper is used to define additional constructors.
+  //
+  struct vector_double_wrapper: std::vector<double>
+  {
+    // Tell the compiler how to convert a base class object to
+    // this wrapper object.
+    vector_double_wrapper(PyObject*, const std::vector<double>& vd)
+      : std::vector<double>(vd) {}
+
+    vector_double_wrapper(PyObject* self)
+      : std::vector<double>() {}
+
+    vector_double_wrapper(PyObject* self, int n)
+      : std::vector<double>(n) {}
+
+    vector_double_wrapper(PyObject* self, python::tuple tuple)
+      : std::vector<double>(tuple.size())
+    {
+      std::vector<double>::iterator vd = begin();
+      for (int i = 0; i < tuple.size(); i++)
+        vd[i] = BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(tuple[i].get(),
+          python::type<double>());
+    }
+  };
+
+  void raise_vector_IndexError() {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "vector index out of range");
+    throw python::error_already_set();
+  }
+
+  double getitem(const std::vector<double>& vd, std::size_t key) {
+    if (key >= vd.size()) raise_vector_IndexError();
+    return vd[key];
+  }
+
+  void setitem(std::vector<double>& vd, std::size_t key, double d) {
+    if (key >= vd.size()) raise_vector_IndexError();
+    std::vector<double>::iterator vditer = vd.begin();
+    vditer[key] = d;
+  }
+
+  void delitem(std::vector<double>& vd, std::size_t key) {
+    if (key >= vd.size()) raise_vector_IndexError();
+    std::vector<double>::iterator vditer = vd.begin();
+    vd.erase(vditer + key);
+  }
+
+  // Convert vector_double to a regular Python tuple.
+  //
+  python::tuple as_tuple(const std::vector<double>& vd)
+  {
+    python::tuple t(vd.size());
+    for (int i = 0; i < vd.size(); i++) t.set_item(i,
+      python::ref(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(vd[i])));
+    return t;
+  }
+
+  // Function returning a vector_double object to Python.
+  //
+  std::vector<double> foo(int n)
+  {
+    std::vector<double> vd(n);
+    std::vector<double>::iterator vditer = vd.begin();
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) vditer[i] = double(i);
+    return vd;
+  }
+
+  // Same as foo(), but avoid copying on return.
+  //
+  std::auto_ptr<std::vector<double> > bar(int n)
+  {
+    std::auto_ptr<std::vector<double> > vdptr(new std::vector<double>(n));
+    std::vector<double>::iterator vditer = vdptr->begin();
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) vditer[i] = double(10 * i);
+    return vdptr;
+  }
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(simple_vector)
+{
+  try
+  {
+    python::module_builder this_module("simple_vector");
+
+    python::class_builder<std::vector<double>, vector_double_wrapper>
+      vector_double(this_module, "vector_double");
+
+    vector_double.def(python::constructor<>());
+    vector_double.def(python::constructor<const int>());
+    vector_double.def(python::constructor<python::tuple>());
+    vector_double.def(&std::vector<double>::size, "__len__");
+    vector_double.def(getitem, "__getitem__");
+    vector_double.def(setitem, "__setitem__");
+    vector_double.def(delitem, "__delitem__");
+    vector_double.def(as_tuple, "as_tuple");
+
+    this_module.def(foo, "foo");
+    this_module.def(bar, "bar");
+  }
+  catch(...)
+  {
+    python::handle_exception(); // Deal with the exception for Python
+  }
+}

example/test_abstract.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Example by Ullrich Koethe
+r'''>>> from abstract import *
+    >>> class A(Abstract):
+    ...     def __init__(self, text):
+    ...             Abstract.__init__(self)  # call the base class constructor
+    ...             self.text = text
+    ...     def test(self):                  # implement abstract function
+    ...             return self.text
+    ...
+    >>> a = A("Hello")
+    >>> a.test()
+    'Hello'
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_abstract
+    return doctest.testmod(test_abstract)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_cross_module.py

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+r'''>>> import tst_noncopyable
+    >>> tst_noncopyable.f()
+    1
+    2
+    3
+    >>> import tst_dvect1
+    >>> tst_dvect1.f()
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    >>> import tst_ivect1
+    >>> tst_ivect1.f()
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    >>> import sys
+    >>> if ("--broken-auto-ptr" in sys.argv):
+    ...   broken_auto_ptr = 1
+    ... else:
+    ...   broken_auto_ptr = 0
+    >>> import tst_dvect2
+    >>> tst_dvect2.f(broken_auto_ptr)
+    1. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    None
+    1. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    None
+    1. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    >>> import tst_ivect2
+    >>> tst_ivect2.f(broken_auto_ptr)
+    1. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    None
+    1. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    None
+    1. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    1. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    2. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple
+    (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    1. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+    2. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple
+    (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_cross_module
+    return doctest.testmod(test_cross_module)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_do_it_yourself_converters.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+r'''>>> import do_it_yourself_converters
+    >>> ixset = do_it_yourself_converters.IndexingSet()
+    >>> ixset.add((1,2,3))
+    >>> ixset.add((4,5,6))
+    >>> ixset.add((7,8,9))
+    >>> print ixset.get(0)
+    (1, 2, 3)
+    >>> print ixset.get(1)
+    (4, 5, 6)
+    >>> print ixset.get(2)
+    (7, 8, 9)
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_do_it_yourself_converters
+    return doctest.testmod(test_do_it_yourself_converters)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_example1.py

@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ def run(args = None):
         import sys
         sys.argv = args
     import doctest, test_example1
-    doctest.testmod(test_example1)
+    return doctest.testmod(test_example1)
     
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    run()
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_getting_started1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+r'''>>> import getting_started1
+    >>> print getting_started1.greet()
+    hello, world
+    >>> number = 11
+    >>> print number, '*', number, '=', getting_started1.square(number)
+    11 * 11 = 121
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_getting_started1
+    return doctest.testmod(test_getting_started1)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_getting_started2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+r'''>>> from getting_started2 import *
+    >>> hi = hello('California')
+    >>> hi.greet()
+    'Hello from California'
+    >>> invite(hi)
+    'Hello from California! Please come soon!'
+    >>> hi.invite()
+    'Hello from California! Please come soon!'
+
+    >>> class wordy(hello):
+    ...     def greet(self):
+    ...         return hello.greet(self) + ', where the weather is fine'
+    ...
+    >>> hi2 = wordy('Florida')
+    >>> hi2.greet()
+    'Hello from Florida, where the weather is fine'
+    >>> invite(hi2)
+    'Hello from Florida! Please come soon!'
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_getting_started2
+    return doctest.testmod(test_getting_started2)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])
+

example/test_pickle1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+r'''>>> import pickle1
+    >>> import re
+    >>> import pickle
+    >>> pickle1.world.__module__
+    'pickle1'
+    >>> pickle1.world.__safe_for_unpickling__
+    1
+    >>> pickle1.world.__reduce__()
+    'world'
+    >>> assert re.match(
+    ... "\(<extension class pickle1.world at [0-9a-fA-FxX]+>, \('Hello',\)\)",
+    ... repr(pickle1.world('Hello').__reduce__()))
+    >>>
+    >>> wd = pickle1.world('California')
+    >>> pstr = pickle.dumps(wd)
+    >>> wl = pickle.loads(pstr)
+    >>> print wd.greet()
+    Hello from California!
+    >>> print wl.greet()
+    Hello from California!
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_pickle1
+    return doctest.testmod(test_pickle1)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])
+

example/test_pickle2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+r'''>>> import pickle2
+    >>> import re
+    >>> import pickle
+    >>> pickle2.world.__module__
+    'pickle2'
+    >>> pickle2.world.__safe_for_unpickling__
+    1
+    >>> pickle2.world.__reduce__()
+    'world'
+    >>> assert re.match(
+    ... "\(<extension class pickle2.world at [0-9a-fA-FxX]+>, \('Hello',\), \(0,\)\)",
+    ... repr(pickle2.world('Hello').__reduce__()))
+    >>>
+    >>> for number in (24, 42):
+    ...   wd = pickle2.world('California')
+    ...   wd.set_secret_number(number)
+    ...   pstr = pickle.dumps(wd)
+    ...   wl = pickle.loads(pstr)
+    ...   print wd.greet(), wd.get_secret_number()
+    ...   print wl.greet(), wl.get_secret_number()
+    Hello from California! 24
+    Hello from California! 24
+    Hello from California! 42
+    Hello from California! 0
+
+# Now show that the __dict__ is not taken care of.
+    >>> wd = pickle2.world('California')
+    >>> wd.x = 1
+    >>> wd.__dict__
+    {'x': 1}
+    >>> try: pstr = pickle.dumps(wd)
+    ... except RuntimeError, err: print err[0]
+    ...
+    Incomplete pickle support (__getstate_manages_dict__ not set)
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_pickle2
+    return doctest.testmod(test_pickle2)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])
+

example/test_pickle3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+r'''>>> import pickle3
+    >>> import re
+    >>> import pickle
+    >>> pickle3.world.__module__
+    'pickle3'
+    >>> pickle3.world.__safe_for_unpickling__
+    1
+    >>> pickle3.world.__reduce__()
+    'world'
+    >>> assert re.match(
+    ... "\(<extension class pickle3.world at [0-9a-fA-FxX]+>, \('Hello',\), \(\{\}, 0\)\)",
+    ... repr(pickle3.world('Hello').__reduce__()))
+    >>>
+    >>> for number in (24, 42):
+    ...   wd = pickle3.world('California')
+    ...   wd.set_secret_number(number)
+    ...   wd.x = 2 * number
+    ...   wd.y = 'y' * number
+    ...   wd.z = 3. * number
+    ...   pstr = pickle.dumps(wd)
+    ...   wl = pickle.loads(pstr)
+    ...   print wd.greet(), wd.get_secret_number(), wd.__dict__
+    ...   print wl.greet(), wl.get_secret_number(), wl.__dict__
+    Hello from California! 24 {'z': 72.0, 'x': 48, 'y': 'yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy'}
+    Hello from California! 24 {'z': 72.0, 'x': 48, 'y': 'yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy'}
+    Hello from California! 42 {'z': 126.0, 'x': 84, 'y': 'yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy'}
+    Hello from California! 0 {'z': 126.0, 'x': 84, 'y': 'yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy'}
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_pickle3
+    return doctest.testmod(test_pickle3)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])

example/test_rwgk1.py

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ def run(args = None):
         import sys
         sys.argv = args
     import doctest, test_rwgk1
-    doctest.testmod(test_rwgk1)
+    return doctest.testmod(test_rwgk1)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    run()
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])
+

example/test_simple_vector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+r'''>>> import simple_vector
+    >>> v=simple_vector.vector_double()
+    >>> print v.as_tuple()
+    ()
+    >>> v=simple_vector.vector_double(5)
+    >>> print v.as_tuple()
+    (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    >>> print len(v)
+    5
+    >>> v=simple_vector.vector_double((3,4,5))
+    >>> print v.as_tuple()
+    (3.0, 4.0, 5.0)
+    >>> print v[1]
+    4.0
+    >>> v[1] = 40
+    >>> print v.as_tuple()
+    (3.0, 40.0, 5.0)
+    >>> for e in v:
+    ...   print e
+    3.0
+    40.0
+    5.0
+    >>> del v[1]
+    >>> print v.as_tuple()
+    (3.0, 5.0)
+    >>> print simple_vector.foo(11).as_tuple()
+    (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0)
+    >>> print simple_vector.bar(12).as_tuple()
+    (0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0, 110.0)
+'''
+
+def run(args = None):
+    if args is not None:
+        import sys
+        sys.argv = args
+    import doctest, test_simple_vector
+    return doctest.testmod(test_simple_vector)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    sys.exit(run()[0])
+

example/tst_dvect1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+def f():
+  import dvect
+  dv = dvect.dvect((1,2,3,4,5))
+  print dv.as_tuple()
+  iv = dv.as_ivect()
+  print iv.as_tuple()
+  print dvect.const_ivect_reference_as_tuple(iv)
+  aiv = dvect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print dvect.const_ivect_reference_as_tuple(aiv)
+  siv = dvect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print dvect.const_ivect_reference_as_tuple(siv)
+  print aiv.as_tuple()
+  print siv.as_tuple()
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+  import sys, string
+  n = 1
+  if (len(sys.argv) > 1): n = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
+  for i in xrange(n):
+    f()

example/tst_dvect2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+def f(broken_auto_ptr):
+  import dvect
+  import ivect
+  #
+  dv = dvect.dvect((1,2,3,4,5))
+  iv = dv.as_ivect()
+  #
+  aiv = dvect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  if (not broken_auto_ptr):
+    print ivect.auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  else:
+    print None
+  #
+  adv = dvect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  if (not broken_auto_ptr):
+    print ivect.auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  else:
+    print None
+  #
+  siv = dvect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  #
+  sdv = dvect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  #
+  aiv = dvect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  #
+  adv = dvect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  #
+  siv = dvect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  #
+  sdv = dvect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  #
+  aiv = dvect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  #
+  adv = dvect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  #
+  siv = dvect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  #
+  sdv = dvect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print ivect.shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+  import sys, string
+  broken_auto_ptr = 0
+  n = 1
+  
+  if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+      argv = []
+      
+      for x in sys.argv:
+        if x != '--broken-auto-ptr':
+          argv.append(x)
+      broken_auto_ptr = argv != sys.argv
+      sys.argv = argv
+
+      if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        n = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
+        
+  for i in xrange(n):
+    f(broken_auto_ptr)

example/tst_ivect1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+def f():
+  import ivect
+  iv = ivect.ivect((1,2,3,4,5))
+  print iv.as_tuple()
+  dv = iv.as_dvect()
+  print dv.as_tuple()
+  print ivect.const_dvect_reference_as_tuple(dv)
+  adv = ivect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print ivect.const_dvect_reference_as_tuple(adv)
+  sdv = ivect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print ivect.const_dvect_reference_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print adv.as_tuple()
+  print sdv.as_tuple()
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+  import sys, string
+  n = 1
+  if (len(sys.argv) > 1): n = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
+  for i in xrange(n):
+    f()

example/tst_ivect2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+def f(broken_auto_ptr):
+  import ivect
+  import dvect
+  #
+  iv = ivect.ivect((1,2,3,4,5))
+  dv = iv.as_dvect()
+  #
+  adv = ivect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  if (not broken_auto_ptr):
+    print dvect.auto_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  else:
+    print None
+  #
+  aiv = ivect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  if (not broken_auto_ptr):
+    print dvect.auto_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  else:
+    print None
+  #
+  sdv = ivect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_value_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  #
+  siv = ivect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_value_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  #
+  adv = ivect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  #
+  aiv = ivect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  #
+  sdv = ivect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  #
+  siv = ivect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  #
+  adv = ivect.dvect_as_auto_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(adv)
+  #
+  aiv = ivect.ivect_as_auto_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  print '2. auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.auto_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(aiv)
+  #
+  sdv = ivect.dvect_as_shared_ptr(dv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_const_reference_dvect_as_tuple(sdv)
+  #
+  siv = ivect.ivect_as_shared_ptr(iv)
+  print '1. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+  print '2. shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple'
+  print dvect.shared_ptr_const_reference_ivect_as_tuple(siv)
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+  import sys, string
+  broken_auto_ptr = 0
+  n = 1
+
+  if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+      argv = []
+      
+      for x in sys.argv:
+        if x != '--broken-auto-ptr':
+          argv.append(x)
+      broken_auto_ptr = argv != sys.argv
+      sys.argv = argv
+
+      if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        n = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
+        
+  for i in xrange(n):
+    f(broken_auto_ptr)

example/tst_noncopyable.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+def f():
+  import noncopyable_export
+  import noncopyable_import
+  s1 = noncopyable_export.store(1)
+  print s1.recall()
+  s2 = noncopyable_export.store(2)
+  print s2.recall()
+  s3 = noncopyable_import.add_stores(s1, s2)
+  print s3.recall()
+
+if (__name__ == "__main__"):
+  import sys, string
+  n = 1
+  if (len(sys.argv) > 1): n = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
+  for i in xrange(n):
+    f()

include/boost/python/callback.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+//  This file was generated for 10-argument python callbacks by gen_callback.python
+
+#ifndef CALLBACK_DWA_052100_H_
+# define CALLBACK_DWA_052100_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/conversions.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+namespace detail {
+  template <class T>
+  inline void callback_adjust_refcount(PyObject*, type<T>) {}
+  
+  inline void callback_adjust_refcount(PyObject* p, type<PyObject*>)
+      { Py_INCREF(p); }
+}
+
+// Calling Python from C++
+template <class R>
+struct callback
+{
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name)
+    {
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("()")));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    static R call(PyObject* self)
+    {
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("()")));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(O)"),
+                                     p1.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(O)"),
+                                       p1.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get(),
+                                     p9.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get(),
+                                       p9.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    static R call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9, const A10& a10)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref p10(to_python(a10));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get(),
+                                     p9.get(),
+                                     p10.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    static R call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9, const A10& a10)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref p10(to_python(a10));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get(),
+                                       p9.get(),
+                                       p10.get()));
+        detail::callback_adjust_refcount(result.get(), type<R>());
+        return from_python(result.get(), type<R>());
+    }
+};
+
+// This specialization wouldn't be needed, but MSVC6 doesn't correctly allow the following:
+// void g();
+// void f() { return g(); }
+template <>
+struct callback<void>
+{
+
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name)
+    {
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("()")));
+    }
+
+    static void call(PyObject* self)
+    {
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("()")));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(O)"),
+                                     p1.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(O)"),
+                                       p1.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get(),
+                                     p9.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get(),
+                                       p9.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    static void call_method(PyObject* self, const char* name, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9, const A10& a10)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref p10(to_python(a10));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallMethod(self, const_cast<char*>(name),
+                                     const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                     p1.get(),
+                                     p2.get(),
+                                     p3.get(),
+                                     p4.get(),
+                                     p5.get(),
+                                     p6.get(),
+                                     p7.get(),
+                                     p8.get(),
+                                     p9.get(),
+                                     p10.get()));
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    static void call(PyObject* self, const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9, const A10& a10)
+    {
+        ref p1(to_python(a1));
+        ref p2(to_python(a2));
+        ref p3(to_python(a3));
+        ref p4(to_python(a4));
+        ref p5(to_python(a5));
+        ref p6(to_python(a6));
+        ref p7(to_python(a7));
+        ref p8(to_python(a8));
+        ref p9(to_python(a9));
+        ref p10(to_python(a10));
+        ref result(PyEval_CallFunction(self, const_cast<char*>("(OOOOOOOOOO)"),
+                                       p1.get(),
+                                       p2.get(),
+                                       p3.get(),
+                                       p4.get(),
+                                       p5.get(),
+                                       p6.get(),
+                                       p7.get(),
+                                       p8.get(),
+                                       p9.get(),
+                                       p10.get()));
+    }
+};
+
+// Make it a compile-time error to try to return a const char* from a virtual
+// function. The standard conversion
+//
+//      from_python(PyObject* string, boost::python::type<const char*>)
+//
+// returns a pointer to the character array which is internal to string. The
+// problem with trying to do this in a standard callback function is that the
+// Python string would likely be destroyed upon return from the calling function
+// (boost::python::callback<const char*>::call[_method]) when its reference count is
+// decremented. If you absolutely need to do this and you're sure it's safe (it
+// usually isn't), you can use
+//
+//      boost::python::string result(boost::python::callback<boost::python::string>::call[_method](...args...));
+//      ...result.c_str()... // access the char* array
+template <>
+struct callback<const char*>
+{
+    // Try hard to generate a readable error message
+    typedef struct unsafe_since_python_string_may_be_destroyed {} call, call_method;
+};
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // CALLBACK_DWA_052100_H_

include/boost/python/class_builder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Revision History:
+// Mar 03 01  added: pickle safety measures (Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+
+#ifndef CLASS_WRAPPER_DWA101000_H_
+# define CLASS_WRAPPER_DWA101000_H_
+
+#include <boost/python/detail/extension_class.hpp>
+#include <boost/python/operators.hpp>
+#include <boost/python/module_builder.hpp>
+#include <boost/python/conversions.hpp>
+#include <boost/python/detail/cast.hpp>
+#include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+// Syntactic sugar to make wrapping classes more convenient
+template <class T, class U = detail::held_instance<T> >
+class class_builder
+    : python_extension_class_converters<T, U> // Works around MSVC6.x/GCC2.95.2 bug described below
+{
+ public:
+    class_builder(module_builder& module, const char* name)
+        : m_class(new detail::extension_class<T, U>(name))
+    {
+        module.add(ref(as_object(m_class.get()), ref::increment_count), name);
+    }
+    
+    ~class_builder()
+    {}
+
+    inline void dict_defines_state() {
+      add(ref(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(1)), "__dict_defines_state__");
+    }
+    inline void getstate_manages_dict() {
+      add(ref(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(1)), "__getstate_manages_dict__");
+    }
+    
+    // define constructors
+    template <class signature>
+    void def(const signature& s)
+        { m_class->def(s); }
+
+    // export heterogeneous reverse-argument operators 
+    // (type of lhs: 'left', of rhs: 'right')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub), Foo>(),
+    //                       boost::python::left_operand<int const &>());
+    template <long which, class left, class right>
+    void def(operators<which, right> o1, left_operand<left> o2)
+        { m_class->def(o1, o2); }
+
+    // export heterogeneous operators (type of lhs: 'left', of rhs: 'right')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub), Foo>(),
+    //                       boost::python::right_operand<int const &>());
+    template <long which, class left, class right>
+    void def(operators<which, left> o1, right_operand<right> o2)
+        { m_class->def(o1, o2); }
+
+    // define a function that passes Python arguments and keywords
+    // to C++ verbatim (as a 'tuple const &' and 'dictionary const &' 
+    // respectively). This is useful for manual argument passing.
+    // It's also the only possibility to pass keyword arguments to C++.
+    // Fn must have a signatur that is compatible to 
+    //     PyObject * (*)(PyObject * aTuple, PyObject * aDictionary)
+    template <class Fn>
+    void def_raw(Fn fn, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def_raw(fn, name); }
+
+    // define member functions. In fact this works for free functions, too -
+    // they act like static member functions, or if they start with the
+    // appropriate self argument (as a pointer or reference), they can be used
+    // just like ordinary member functions -- just like Python!
+    template <class Fn>
+    void def(Fn fn, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def(fn, name); }
+
+    // Define a virtual member function with a default implementation.
+    // default_fn should be a function which provides the default implementation.
+    // Be careful that default_fn does not in fact call fn virtually!
+    template <class Fn, class DefaultFn>
+    void def(Fn fn, const char* name, DefaultFn default_fn)
+        { m_class->def(fn, name, default_fn); }
+
+    // Provide a function which implements x.<name>, reading from the given
+    // member (pm) of the T obj
+    template <class MemberType>
+    void def_getter(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def_getter(pm, name); }
+    
+    // Provide a function which implements assignment to x.<name>, writing to
+    // the given member (pm) of the T obj
+    template <class MemberType>
+    void def_setter(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def_getter(pm, name); }
+    
+    // Expose the given member (pm) of the T obj as a read-only attribute
+    template <class MemberType>
+    void def_readonly(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def_readonly(pm, name); }
+    
+    // Expose the given member (pm) of the T obj as a read/write attribute
+    template <class MemberType>
+    void def_read_write(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+        { m_class->def_read_write(pm, name); }
+        
+    // define the standard coercion needed for operator overloading
+    void def_standard_coerce()
+        { m_class->def_standard_coerce(); }
+    
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // conversion functions
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(class_builder<S, V> const & base)
+    {
+        m_class->declare_base(base.get_extension_class());
+    }
+
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // upcast conversion function
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(class_builder<S, V> const & base, without_downcast_t)
+    {
+        m_class->declare_base(base.get_extension_class(), without_downcast);
+    }
+
+    // get the embedded ExtensioClass object
+    detail::extension_class<T, U> * get_extension_class() const 
+    {
+        return m_class.get();
+    }
+
+    // set an arbitrary attribute. Useful for non-function class data members,
+    // e.g. enums
+    void add(PyObject* x, const char* name)
+        { m_class->set_attribute(name, x); }
+    void add(ref x, const char* name)
+        { m_class->set_attribute(name, x); }
+ private:
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // conversion functions
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(detail::extension_class<S, V> * base)
+    {
+        m_class->declare_base(base);
+    }
+        
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // upcast conversion function
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(detail::extension_class<S, V> * base, without_downcast_t)
+    {
+        m_class->declare_base(base, without_downcast);
+    }
+    
+    reference<detail::extension_class<T, U> > m_class;
+};
+
+// The bug mentioned at the top of this file is that on certain compilers static
+// global functions declared within the body of a class template will only be
+// generated when the class template is constructed, and when (for some reason)
+// the construction does not occur via a new-expression. Otherwise, we could
+// rely on the initialization of the m_class data member to cause all of the
+// to_/from_python functions to come into being.
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // CLASS_WRAPPER_DWA101000_H_

include/boost/python/classes.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef SUBCLASS_DWA051500_H_
+# define SUBCLASS_DWA051500_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/types.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/objects.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/singleton.hpp>
+# include <boost/utility.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/conversions.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/callback.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+// A simple type which acts something like a built-in Python class obj.
+class instance
+    : public boost::python::detail::python_object
+{
+ public:
+    instance(PyTypeObject* class_);
+    ~instance();
+
+    // Standard Python functions.
+    PyObject* repr();
+    int compare(PyObject*);
+    PyObject* str();
+    long hash();
+    PyObject* call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords);
+    PyObject* getattr(const char* name, bool use_special_function = true);
+    int setattr(const char* name, PyObject* value);
+
+    // Mapping methods
+    int length();
+    PyObject* get_subscript(PyObject* key);
+    void set_subscript(PyObject* key, PyObject* value);
+
+    // Sequence methods
+    PyObject* get_slice(int start, int finish);
+    void set_slice(int start, int finish, PyObject* value);
+
+    // Number methods
+    PyObject* add(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* subtract(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* multiply(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* divide(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* remainder(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* divmod(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* power(PyObject*, PyObject*);
+    PyObject* negative();
+    PyObject* positive();
+    PyObject* absolute();
+    int nonzero();
+    PyObject* invert();
+    PyObject* lshift(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* rshift(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* do_and(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* do_xor(PyObject* other);
+    PyObject* do_or(PyObject* other);
+    int coerce(PyObject**, PyObject**);
+    PyObject* as_int();
+    PyObject* as_long();
+    PyObject* as_float();
+    PyObject* oct();
+    PyObject* hex();
+
+ private: // noncopyable, without the size bloat
+    instance(const instance&);
+    void operator=(const instance&);
+
+ private: // helper functions
+    int setattr_dict(PyObject* value);
+    
+ private:
+    dictionary m_name_space;
+};
+
+template <class T> class meta_class;
+
+namespace detail {
+  class class_base : public type_object_base
+  {
+   public:
+      class_base(PyTypeObject* meta_class_obj, string name, tuple bases, const dictionary& name_space);
+      tuple bases() const;
+      string name() const;
+      dictionary& dict();
+      
+      // Standard Python functions.
+      PyObject* getattr(const char* name);
+      int setattr(const char* name, PyObject* value);
+      PyObject* repr() const;
+      void add_base(ref base);
+
+   protected:
+      bool initialize_instance(instance* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords);
+
+   private: // virtual functions
+      // Subclasses should override this to delete the particular obj type
+      virtual void delete_instance(PyObject*) const = 0;
+
+   private: // boost::python::type_object_base required interface implementation
+      void instance_dealloc(PyObject*) const; // subclasses should not override this
+      
+   private:
+      string m_name;
+      tuple m_bases;
+      dictionary m_name_space;
+  };
+
+  void enable_named_method(class_base* type_obj, const char* name);
+}
+
+// A type which acts a lot like a built-in Python class. T is the obj type,
+// so class_t<instance> is a very simple "class-alike".
+template <class T>
+class class_t
+    : public boost::python::detail::class_base
+{
+ public:
+    class_t(meta_class<T>* meta_class_obj, string name, tuple bases, const dictionary& name_space);
+    
+    // Standard Python functions.
+    PyObject* call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords);
+    
+ private: // Implement mapping methods on instances
+    PyObject* instance_repr(PyObject*) const;
+    int instance_compare(PyObject*, PyObject* other) const;
+    PyObject* instance_str(PyObject*) const;
+    long instance_hash(PyObject*) const;
+    int instance_mapping_length(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_mapping_subscript(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    int instance_mapping_ass_subscript(PyObject*, PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+
+ private: // Implement sequence methods on instances
+    int instance_sequence_length(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_sequence_item(PyObject* obj, int n) const;
+    int instance_sequence_ass_item(PyObject* obj, int n, PyObject* value) const;
+    PyObject* instance_sequence_slice(PyObject*, int start, int finish) const;
+    int instance_sequence_ass_slice(PyObject*, int start, int finish, PyObject* value) const;
+
+ private: // Implement number methods on instances
+    PyObject* instance_number_add(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_subtract(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_multiply(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_divide(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_remainder(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_divmod(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_power(PyObject*, PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_negative(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_positive(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_absolute(PyObject*) const;
+    int instance_number_nonzero(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_invert(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_lshift(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_rshift(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_and(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_xor(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_or(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    int instance_number_coerce(PyObject*, PyObject**, PyObject**) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_int(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_long(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_float(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_oct(PyObject*) const;
+    PyObject* instance_number_hex(PyObject*) const;
+    
+ private: // Miscellaneous "special" methods
+    PyObject* instance_call(PyObject* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    PyObject* instance_getattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name) const;
+    int instance_setattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name, PyObject* value) const;
+
+ private: // Implementation of boost::python::detail::class_base required interface
+    void delete_instance(PyObject*) const;
+    
+ private: // noncopyable, without the size bloat
+    class_t(const class_t<T>&);
+    void operator=(const class_t&);
+};
+
+// The type of a class_t<T> object.
+template <class T>
+class meta_class
+    : public boost::python::detail::reprable<
+                boost::python::detail::callable<
+                   boost::python::detail::getattrable<
+                      boost::python::detail::setattrable<
+                         boost::python::detail::type_object<class_t<T> > > > > >,
+      boost::noncopyable
+{
+ public:
+    meta_class();
+
+    // Standard Python functions.
+    PyObject* call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords);
+    
+    struct type_object
+        : boost::python::detail::singleton<type_object,
+             boost::python::detail::callable<
+                boost::python::detail::type_object<meta_class> > >
+    {
+        type_object() : singleton_base(&PyType_Type) {}
+    };
+};
+
+//
+// Member function implementations.
+//
+template <class T>
+meta_class<T>::meta_class()
+    : properties(type_object::instance())
+{
+} 
+
+template <class T>
+class_t<T>::class_t(meta_class<T>* meta_class_obj, string name, tuple bases, const dictionary& name_space)
+    : boost::python::detail::class_base(meta_class_obj, name, bases, name_space)
+{
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void class_t<T>::delete_instance(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    delete downcast<T>(obj);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords)
+{
+    reference<T> result(new T(this));
+    if (!this->initialize_instance(result.get(), args, keywords))
+        return 0;
+    else
+        return result.release();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_repr(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->repr();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_compare(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->compare(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_str(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->str();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+long class_t<T>::instance_hash(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->hash();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_mapping_length(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->length();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_sequence_length(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->length();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_mapping_subscript(PyObject* obj, PyObject* key) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->get_subscript(key);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_sequence_item(PyObject* obj, int n) const
+{
+    ref key(to_python(n));
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->get_subscript(key.get());
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_sequence_ass_item(PyObject* obj, int n, PyObject* value) const
+{
+    ref key(to_python(n));
+    downcast<T>(obj)->set_subscript(key.get(), value);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_mapping_ass_subscript(PyObject* obj, PyObject* key, PyObject* value) const
+{
+    downcast<T>(obj)->set_subscript(key, value);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void adjust_slice_indices(PyObject* obj, int& start, int& finish);
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_sequence_slice(PyObject* obj, int start, int finish) const
+{
+    adjust_slice_indices(obj, start, finish);    
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->get_slice(start, finish);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_sequence_ass_slice(PyObject* obj, int start, int finish, PyObject* value) const
+{
+    adjust_slice_indices(obj, start, finish);
+    downcast<T>(obj)->set_slice(start, finish, value);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_call(PyObject* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->call(args, keywords);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_getattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->getattr(name);
+}
+
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_setattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name, PyObject* value) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->setattr(name, value);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_add(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->add(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_subtract(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->subtract(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_multiply(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->multiply(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_divide(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->divide(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_remainder(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->remainder(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_divmod(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->divmod(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_power(PyObject* obj, PyObject* exponent, PyObject* modulus) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->power(exponent, modulus);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_negative(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->negative();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_positive(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->positive();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_absolute(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->absolute();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_number_nonzero(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->nonzero();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_invert(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->invert();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_lshift(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->lshift(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_rshift(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->rshift(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_and(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->do_and(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_xor(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->do_xor(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_or(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->do_or(other);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int class_t<T>::instance_number_coerce(PyObject* obj, PyObject** x, PyObject** y) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->coerce(x, y);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_int(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->as_int();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_long(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->as_long();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_float(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->as_float();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_oct(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->oct();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* class_t<T>::instance_number_hex(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<T>(obj)->hex();
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+  inline dictionary& class_base::dict()
+  {
+      return m_name_space;
+  }
+
+  inline tuple class_base::bases() const
+  {
+      return m_bases;
+  }
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* meta_class<T>::call(PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/)
+{
+    PyObject* name;
+    PyObject* bases;
+    PyObject* name_space;
+    
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("O!O!O!"),
+                          &PyString_Type, &name,
+                          &PyTuple_Type, &bases,
+                          &PyDict_Type, &name_space))
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    return as_object(
+        new class_t<T>(this, string(ref(name, ref::increment_count)),
+                  tuple(ref(bases, ref::increment_count)),
+                  dictionary(ref(name_space, ref::increment_count)))
+        );
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+  const string& setattr_string();
+  const string& getattr_string();
+  const string& delattr_string();
+
+  inline string class_base::name() const
+  {
+      return m_name;
+  }
+}
+
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+#endif

include/boost/python/conversions.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+// Revision History:
+// 04 Mar 01  Fixed std::complex<> stuff to work with MSVC (David Abrahams)
+// 03 Mar 01  added: converters for [plain] char and std::complex
+//            (Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+
+#ifndef METHOD_DWA122899_H_
+# define METHOD_DWA122899_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/none.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp>
+# include <boost/smart_ptr.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/errors.hpp>
+# include <string>
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER
+#  pragma warning(push)
+#  pragma warning(disable:4275) // disable a bogus warning caused by <complex>
+# endif
+
+# include <complex>
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER
+#  pragma warning(pop)
+# endif
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE // this is a gcc 2.95.2 bug workaround
+
+// This can be instantiated on an enum to provide the to_python/from_python
+// conversions, provided the values can fit in a long.
+template <class EnumType>
+class py_enum_as_int_converters
+{
+    friend EnumType from_python(PyObject* x, boost::python::type<EnumType>)
+    {
+        return static_cast<EnumType>(
+            from_python(x, boost::python::type<long>()));
+    }
+
+    friend EnumType from_python(PyObject* x, boost::python::type<const EnumType&>)
+    {
+        return static_cast<EnumType>(
+            from_python(x, boost::python::type<long>()));
+    }
+
+    friend PyObject* to_python(EnumType x)
+    {
+        return to_python(static_cast<long>(x));
+    }
+};
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+template <class EnumType> class enum_as_int_converters
+    : public BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::py_enum_as_int_converters<EnumType> {};
+
+template <class P, class T> class wrapped_pointer;
+
+//#pragma warn_possunwant off
+inline void decref_impl(PyObject* p) { Py_DECREF(p); }
+inline void xdecref_impl(PyObject* p) { Py_XDECREF(p); }
+//#pragma warn_possunwant reset
+
+template <class T>
+inline void decref(T* p)
+{
+	char* const raw_p = reinterpret_cast<char*>(p);
+	char* const p_base = raw_p - offsetof(PyObject, ob_refcnt);
+	decref_impl(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(p_base));
+}
+
+template <class T>
+inline void xdecref(T* p)
+{
+	char* const raw_p = reinterpret_cast<char*>(p);
+	char* const p_base = raw_p - offsetof(PyObject, ob_refcnt);
+	xdecref_impl(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(p_base));
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+  void expect_complex(PyObject*);
+
+  template <class T>
+  std::complex<T> complex_from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T>)
+  {
+      expect_complex(p);
+
+      return std::complex<T>(
+        static_cast<T>(PyComplex_RealAsDouble(p)),
+        static_cast<T>(PyComplex_ImagAsDouble(p)));
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  PyObject* complex_to_python(const std::complex<T>& sc) {
+      Py_complex pcc;
+      pcc.real = sc.real();
+      pcc.imag = sc.imag();
+      return PyComplex_FromCComplex(pcc);
+  }
+
+}
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+//
+// Converters
+//
+PyObject* to_python(long);
+long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<long>);
+long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const long&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(unsigned long);
+unsigned long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<unsigned long>);
+unsigned long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const unsigned long&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(int);
+int from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<int>);
+int from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const int&>);
+    
+PyObject* to_python(unsigned int);
+unsigned int from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<unsigned int>);
+unsigned int from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const unsigned int&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(short);
+short from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<short>);
+short from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const short&>);
+    
+PyObject* to_python(unsigned short);
+unsigned short from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<unsigned short>);
+unsigned short from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const unsigned short&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(char);
+char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<char>);
+char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const char&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(signed char);
+signed char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<signed char>);
+signed char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const signed char&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(unsigned char);
+unsigned char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<unsigned char>);
+unsigned char from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const unsigned char&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(float);
+float from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<float>);
+float from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const float&>);
+    
+PyObject* to_python(double);
+double from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<double>);
+double from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const double&>);
+    
+PyObject* to_python(bool);
+bool from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<bool>);
+bool from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const bool&>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(void);
+void from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<void>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(const char* s);
+const char* from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const char*>);
+
+PyObject* to_python(const std::string& s);
+std::string from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<std::string>);
+std::string from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<const std::string&>);
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(const std::complex<float>& x)
+{
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_to_python<float>(x);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(const std::complex<double>& x)
+{
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_to_python<double>(x);
+}
+
+inline std::complex<double> from_python(PyObject* p,
+                                   boost::python::type<std::complex<double> >) {
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_from_python(p, boost::python::type<double>());
+}
+
+inline std::complex<double> from_python(PyObject* p,
+                                   boost::python::type<const std::complex<double>&>) {
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_from_python(p, boost::python::type<double>());
+}
+
+inline std::complex<float> from_python(PyObject* p,
+                                   boost::python::type<std::complex<float> >) {
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_from_python(p, boost::python::type<float>());
+}
+
+inline std::complex<float> from_python(PyObject* p,
+                                   boost::python::type<const std::complex<float>&>) {
+    return boost::python::detail::complex_from_python(p, boost::python::type<float>());
+}
+
+// For when your C++ function really wants to pass/return a PyObject*
+PyObject* to_python(PyObject*);
+PyObject* from_python(PyObject*, boost::python::type<PyObject*>);
+
+// Some standard conversions to/from smart pointer types. You can add your own
+// from these examples.  These are not generated using the friend technique from
+// wrapped_pointer because:
+//
+//      1. We want to be able to extend conversion to/from WrappedPointers using
+//      arbitrary smart pointer types.
+//
+//      2. It helps with compilation independence. This way, code which creates
+//      wrappers for functions accepting and returning smart_ptr<T> does not
+//      have to have already seen the invocation of wrapped_type<T>.
+//
+
+// Unfortunately, MSVC6 is so incredibly lame that we have to rely on the friend
+// technique to auto_generate standard pointer conversions for wrapped
+// types. This means that you need to write a non-templated function for each
+// specific smart_ptr<T> which you want to convert from_python. For example,
+//
+// namespace boost { namespace python {
+// #ifdef MUST_SUPPORT_MSVC
+//
+// MyPtr<Foo> from_python(PyObject*p, type<MyPtr<Foo> >)
+//     { return smart_ptr_from_python(p, type<MyPtr<Foo> >(), type<Foo>());}
+// }
+// 
+// MyPtr<Bar> from_python(PyObject*p, type<MyPtr<Bar> >)
+//     { return smart_ptr_from_python(p, type<MyPtr<Bar> >(), type<Bar>());}
+// 
+// ... // definitions for MyPtr<Baz>, MyPtr<Mumble>, etc.
+//
+// #else
+//
+// // Just once for all MyPtr<T>
+// template <class T>
+// MyPtr<T> from_python(PyObject*p, type<MyPtr<T> >)
+// {
+//    return smart_ptr_from_python(p, type<MyPtr<T> >(), type<T>());
+// }
+//
+// #endif
+// }} // namespace boost::python
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER)
+template <class T>
+boost::shared_ptr<T> from_python(PyObject*p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >)
+{
+    return smart_ptr_from_python(p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >(), boost::python::type<T>());
+}
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+template <class T>
+PyObject* to_python(std::auto_ptr<T> p)
+{
+    return new boost::python::wrapped_pointer<std::auto_ptr<T>, T>(p);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+PyObject* to_python(boost::shared_ptr<T> p)
+{
+    return new boost::python::wrapped_pointer<boost::shared_ptr<T>, T>(p);
+}
+#endif
+
+//
+// inline implementations
+//
+
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER
+inline PyObject* to_python(double d)
+{
+    return PyFloat_FromDouble(d);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(float f)
+{
+    return PyFloat_FromDouble(f);
+}
+#endif // BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(long l)
+{
+	return PyInt_FromLong(l);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(int x)
+{
+	return PyInt_FromLong(x);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(short x)
+{
+	return PyInt_FromLong(x);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(bool b)
+{
+	return PyInt_FromLong(b);
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(void)
+{
+    return boost::python::detail::none();
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(const char* s)
+{
+	return PyString_FromString(s);
+}
+
+inline std::string from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const std::string&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<std::string>());
+}
+
+inline PyObject* to_python(PyObject* p)
+{
+    Py_INCREF(p);
+    return p;
+}
+
+inline PyObject* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<PyObject*>)
+{
+    return p;
+}
+
+inline const char* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const char* const&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<const char*>());
+}
+
+inline double from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const double&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<double>());
+}
+
+inline float from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const float&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<float>());
+}
+
+inline int from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const int&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<int>());
+}
+
+inline short from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const short&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<short>());
+}
+
+inline long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const long&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<long>());
+}
+
+inline bool from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const bool&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<bool>());
+}
+
+inline unsigned int from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const unsigned int&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<unsigned int>());
+}
+
+inline unsigned short from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const unsigned short&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<unsigned short>());
+}
+
+inline char from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const char&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<char>());
+}
+
+inline signed char from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const signed char&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<signed char>());
+}
+
+inline unsigned char from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const unsigned char&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<unsigned char>());
+}
+
+inline unsigned long from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const unsigned long&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<unsigned long>());
+}
+
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // METHOD_DWA122899_H_

include/boost/python/cross_module.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/* (C) Copyright Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve 2001. Permission to copy, use,
+   modify, sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
+   copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
+   "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to
+   its suitability for any purpose.
+
+   Revision History:
+     17 Apr 01 merged into boost CVS trunk (Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+*/
+
+/* Implementation of Boost.Python cross-module support.
+   See root/libs/python/doc/cross_module.html for details.
+*/
+
+#ifndef CROSS_MODULE_HPP
+# define CROSS_MODULE_HPP
+
+# include <boost/python/class_builder.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+    struct import_error : error_already_set {};
+    struct export_error : error_already_set {};
+}}
+
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+
+// Concept: throw exception if api_major is changed
+//          show warning on stderr if api_minor is changed
+const int export_converters_api_major = 4;
+const int export_converters_api_minor = 1;
+extern const char* converters_attribute_name;
+void* import_converter_object(const std::string& module_name,
+                              const std::string& py_class_name,
+                              const std::string& attribute_name);
+void check_export_converters_api(const int importing_major,
+                                 const int importing_minor,
+                                 const int imported_major,
+                                 const int imported_minor);
+
+}}}
+
+// forward declaration
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+template <class T> class import_extension_class;
+}}}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+/* This class template is instantiated by import_converters<T>.
+   This class is a look-alike of class python_extension_class_converters.
+   The converters in this class are wrappers that call converters
+   imported from another module.
+   To ensure that the dynamic loader resolves all symbols in the
+   intended way, the signature of all friend functions is changed with
+   respect to the original functions in class
+   python_extension_class_converters by adding an arbitrary additional
+   parameter with a default value, in this case "bool sig = false".
+   See also: comments for class export_converter_object_base below.
+ */
+template <class T>
+class python_import_extension_class_converters
+{
+ public:
+
+    friend python_import_extension_class_converters py_extension_class_converters(boost::python::type<T>, bool sig = false) {
+        return python_import_extension_class_converters();
+    }
+
+    PyObject* to_python(const T& x) const {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->to_python(x);
+    }
+
+    friend T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T*> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_Ts(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_cTs(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*const&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_cTscr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T* const&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_Tscr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_Tr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_cTr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_T(p, t);
+    }
+
+    friend std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T>&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_aTr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend std::auto_ptr<T> from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> > t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_aT(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const std::auto_ptr<T>&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_caTr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend PyObject* to_python(std::auto_ptr<T> x, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->to_python(x);
+    }
+
+    friend boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_sTr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> > t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_sT(p, t);
+    }
+    friend const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->from_python_csTr(p, t);
+    }
+    friend PyObject* to_python(boost::shared_ptr<T> x, bool sig = false) {
+        return boost::python::detail::import_extension_class<T>::get_converters()->to_python(x);
+    }
+};
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_IMPORT_CONVERSION(python_import_extension_class_converters);
+
+/* This class template is instantiated by export_converters().
+   A pointer to this class is exported/imported via the Python API.
+   Using the Python API ensures maximum portability.
+   All member functions are virtual. This is, what we export/import
+   is essentially just a pointer to a vtbl.
+   To work around a deficiency of Visual C++ 6.0, the name of each
+   from_python() member functions is made unique by appending a few
+   characters (derived in a ad-hoc manner from the corresponding type).
+ */
+template <class T>
+struct export_converter_object_base
+{
+    virtual int get_api_major() const { return detail::export_converters_api_major; }
+    virtual int get_api_minor() const { return detail::export_converters_api_minor; }
+
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(const T& x) = 0;
+
+    virtual T* from_python_Ts(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T*> t) = 0;
+    virtual const T* from_python_cTs(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*> t) = 0;
+    virtual const T* from_python_cTscr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*const&> t) = 0;
+    virtual T* from_python_Tscr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T* const&> t) = 0;
+    virtual T& from_python_Tr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T&> t) = 0;
+    virtual const T& from_python_cTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T&> t) = 0;
+    virtual const T& from_python_T(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T> t) = 0;
+
+    virtual std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python_aTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T>&> t) = 0;
+    virtual std::auto_ptr<T> from_python_aT(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> > t) = 0;
+    virtual const std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python_caTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const std::auto_ptr<T>&> t) = 0;
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(std::auto_ptr<T> x) = 0;
+
+    virtual boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_sTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t) = 0;
+    virtual const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_sT(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> > t) = 0;
+    virtual const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_csTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t) = 0;
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(boost::shared_ptr<T> x) = 0;
+};
+
+// Converters to be used if T is not copyable.
+template <class T>
+struct export_converter_object_noncopyable : export_converter_object_base<T>
+{
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(const T& x) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+          "to_python(const T&) converter not exported");
+        throw import_error();
+    }
+
+    virtual T* from_python_Ts(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T*> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const T* from_python_cTs(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const T* from_python_cTscr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*const&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual T* from_python_Tscr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T* const&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual T& from_python_Tr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const T& from_python_cTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const T& from_python_T(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python_aTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T>&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual std::auto_ptr<T> from_python_aT(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> > t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python_caTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const std::auto_ptr<T>&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(std::auto_ptr<T> x) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(x);
+    }
+
+    virtual boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_sTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_sT(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> > t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python_csTr(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::shared_ptr<T>&> t) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(p, t);
+    }
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(boost::shared_ptr<T> x) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(x);
+    }
+};
+
+// The addditional to_python() converter that can be used if T is copyable.
+template <class T>
+struct export_converter_object : export_converter_object_noncopyable<T>
+{
+    virtual PyObject* to_python(const T& x) {
+        return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::py_extension_class_converters(boost::python::type<T>()).to_python(x);
+    }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+/* This class template is instantiated by import_converters<T>.
+   Its purpose is to import the converter_object via the Python API.
+   The actual import is only done once. The pointer to the
+   imported converter object is kept in the static data member
+   imported_converters.
+ */
+template <class T>
+class import_extension_class
+    : public python_import_extension_class_converters<T>
+{
+ public:
+    inline import_extension_class(const char* module, const char* py_class) {
+      m_module = module;
+      m_py_class = py_class;
+    }
+
+    static boost::python::export_converter_object_base<T>* get_converters();
+
+  private:
+    static std::string m_module;
+    static std::string m_py_class;
+    static boost::python::export_converter_object_base<T>* imported_converters;
+};
+
+template <class T> std::string import_extension_class<T>::m_module;
+template <class T> std::string import_extension_class<T>::m_py_class;
+template <class T>
+boost::python::export_converter_object_base<T>*
+import_extension_class<T>::imported_converters = 0;
+
+template <class T>
+boost::python::export_converter_object_base<T>*
+import_extension_class<T>::get_converters() {
+  if (imported_converters == 0) {
+    void* cobject
+      = import_converter_object(m_module, m_py_class,
+                                converters_attribute_name);
+    imported_converters
+      = static_cast<boost::python::export_converter_object_base<T>*>(cobject);
+    check_export_converters_api(
+      export_converters_api_major,
+      export_converters_api_minor,
+      imported_converters->get_api_major(),
+      imported_converters->get_api_minor());
+  }
+  return imported_converters;
+}
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+// Implementation of export_converters().
+template <class T, class U>
+void export_converters(class_builder<T, U>& cb)
+{
+    static export_converter_object<T> export_cvts;
+    cb.add(
+      ref(PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(reinterpret_cast<void*>(&export_cvts), NULL)),
+      detail::converters_attribute_name);
+}
+
+// Implementation of export_converters_noncopyable().
+template <class T, class U>
+void export_converters_noncopyable(class_builder<T, U>& cb)
+{
+    static export_converter_object_noncopyable<T> export_cvts;
+    cb.add(
+      ref(PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(reinterpret_cast<void*>(&export_cvts), NULL)),
+      detail::converters_attribute_name);
+}
+
+// Implementation of import_converters<T>.
+template <class T>
+class import_converters
+    : python_import_extension_class_converters<T> // Works around MSVC6.x/GCC2.95.2 bug described
+                                                  // at the bottom of class_builder.hpp.
+{
+ public:
+    import_converters(const char* module, const char* py_class)
+        : m_class(new detail::import_extension_class<T>(module, py_class))
+    { }
+ private:
+    boost::shared_ptr<detail::import_extension_class<T> > m_class;
+};
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // CROSS_MODULE_HPP

include/boost/python/detail/base_object.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+// Revision History:
+// Mar 01 01  Use PyObject_INIT() instead of trying to hand-initialize (David Abrahams)
+
+#ifndef BASE_OBJECT_DWA051600_H_
+# define BASE_OBJECT_DWA051600_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp> // really just for type<>
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <cstring>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+
+// base_object - adds a constructor and non-virtual destructor to a
+// base Python type (e.g. PyObject, PyTypeObject).
+template <class python_type>
+struct base_object : python_type
+{
+    typedef python_type base_python_type;
+
+    // Initializes type and reference count. All other fields of base_python_type are 0
+    base_object(PyTypeObject* type_obj);
+
+    // Decrements reference count on the type
+    ~base_object();
+};
+
+// Easy typedefs for common usage
+typedef base_object<PyObject> python_object;
+typedef base_object<PyTypeObject> python_type;
+
+
+//
+// class_t template member function implementations 
+//
+template <class python_type>
+base_object<python_type>::base_object(PyTypeObject* type_obj)
+{
+    base_python_type* bp = this;
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__STLPORT)
+    std::
+#endif
+		memset(bp, 0, sizeof(base_python_type));
+    Py_INCREF(type_obj);
+    PyObject_INIT(bp, type_obj);
+}
+
+template <class python_type>
+inline base_object<python_type>::~base_object()
+{
+    Py_DECREF(ob_type);
+}
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // BASE_OBJECT_DWA051600_H_

include/boost/python/detail/cast.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef CAST_DWA052500_H_
+# define CAST_DWA052500_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <boost/operators.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+namespace detail {
+  // The default way of converting a PyObject* or PyTypeObject* to a T*
+  template <class T>
+  struct downcast_traits
+  {
+      template <class U>
+      static T* cast(U* p) { return static_cast<T*>(p); }
+  };
+
+  inline PyTypeObject* as_base_object(const PyTypeObject*, PyObject* p)
+  {
+      return reinterpret_cast<PyTypeObject*>(p);
+  }
+
+  inline PyObject* as_base_object(const PyObject*, PyObject* p)
+  {
+      return p;
+  }
+
+  inline const PyTypeObject* as_base_object(const PyTypeObject*, const PyObject* p)
+  {
+      return reinterpret_cast<const PyTypeObject*>(p);
+  }
+
+  inline const PyObject* as_base_object(const PyObject*, const PyObject* p)
+  {
+      return p;
+  }
+} // namespace detail
+
+// Convert a pointer to any type derived from PyObject or PyTypeObject to a PyObject*
+inline PyObject* as_object(PyObject* p) { return p; }
+inline PyObject* as_object(PyTypeObject* p) { return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(p); }
+
+// If I didn't have to support stupid MSVC6 we could just use a simple template function:
+// template <class T> T* downcast(PyObject*).
+template <class T>
+struct downcast : boost::dereferenceable<downcast<T>, T*>
+{
+    downcast(PyObject* p)
+        : m_p(detail::downcast_traits<T>::cast(detail::as_base_object((T*)0, p)))
+        {}
+    
+    downcast(const PyObject* p)
+        : m_p(detail::downcast_traits<T>::cast(detail::as_base_object((const T*)0, p)))
+        {}
+    
+    downcast(PyTypeObject* p)
+        : m_p(detail::downcast_traits<T>::cast(p))
+        {}
+    
+    downcast(const PyTypeObject* p)
+        : m_p(detail::downcast_traits<T>::cast(p))
+        {}
+    
+    operator T*() const { return m_p; }
+    T* get() const { return m_p; }
+    T& operator*() const { return *m_p; }
+ private:
+    T* m_p;
+};
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // CAST_DWA052500_H_

include/boost/python/detail/config.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+//  Revision History:
+//  04 Mar 01  Some fixes so it will compile with Intel C++ (Dave Abrahams)
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_DWA052200_H_
+# define CONFIG_DWA052200_H_
+
+# include <boost/config.hpp>
+# include <cstddef>
+
+# ifdef BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
+   // A gcc bug forces some symbols into the global namespace
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_IMPORT_CONVERSION(x) using ::x
+# else
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE namespace boost { namespace python {
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE }} // namespace boost::python
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION boost::python
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_IMPORT_CONVERSION(x) void never_defined() // so we can follow the macro with a ';'
+# endif
+
+# if defined(BOOST_MSVC)
+#  if _MSC_VER <= 1200
+#   define BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER 1
+#  endif
+
+# pragma warning (disable : 4786)
+
+# endif
+
+// Work around the broken library implementation/strict ansi checking on some
+// EDG-based compilers (e.g. alpha), which incorrectly warn that the result of
+// offsetof() is not an integer constant expression.
+# if defined(__DECCXX_VER) && __DECCXX_VER <= 60290024
+#  define BOOST_OFFSETOF(s_name, s_member) \
+        ((size_t)__INTADDR__(&(((s_name *)0)->s_member)))
+# else
+#  define BOOST_OFFSETOF(s_name, s_member) \
+        offsetof(s_name, s_member)
+# endif
+
+// The STLport puts all of the standard 'C' library names in std (as far as the
+// user is concerned), but without it you need a fix if you're using MSVC or
+// Intel C++
+# if defined(BOOST_MSVC_STD_ITERATOR)
+#  define BOOST_CSTD_
+# else
+#  define BOOST_CSTD_ std
+# endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+# define BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(name) extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) void init##name()
+#else
+# define BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE_INIT(name) extern "C" void init##name()
+#endif
+
+#endif // CONFIG_DWA052200_H_

include/boost/python/detail/extension_class.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,924 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+//  This file automatically generated for 10-argument constructors by
+//  gen_extclass.python
+
+//  Revision History:
+//  17 Apr 01  Comment added with reference to cross_module.hpp (R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve)
+//  05 Mar 01  Fixed a bug which prevented auto_ptr values from being converted
+//             to_python (Dave Abrahams)
+
+#ifndef EXTENSION_CLASS_DWA052000_H_
+# define EXTENSION_CLASS_DWA052000_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/classes.hpp>
+# include <vector>
+# include <boost/python/detail/none.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/objects.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/functions.hpp>
+# include <memory>
+# include <boost/python/detail/init_function.hpp>
+# include <typeinfo>
+# include <boost/smart_ptr.hpp>
+# include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+// forward declarations
+template <long which, class operand> struct operators;
+template <class T> struct left_operand;
+template <class T> struct right_operand;
+
+enum without_downcast_t { without_downcast };
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// forward declarations
+class extension_instance;
+class extension_class_base;
+template <class T> class instance_holder;
+template <class T, class U> class instance_value_holder;
+template <class ref, class T> class instance_ptr_holder;
+template <class Specified> struct operand_select;
+  template <long> struct choose_op;
+  template <long> struct choose_rop;
+  template <long> struct choose_unary_op;
+  template <long> struct define_operator;
+
+meta_class<extension_instance>* extension_meta_class();
+extension_instance* get_extension_instance(PyObject* p);
+void report_missing_instance_data(extension_instance*, class_t<extension_instance>*, const std::type_info&);
+void report_missing_ptr_data(extension_instance*, class_t<extension_instance>*, const std::type_info&);
+void report_missing_class_object(const std::type_info&);
+void report_released_smart_pointer(const std::type_info&);
+    
+template <class T>
+T* check_non_null(T* p)
+{
+    if (p == 0)
+        report_released_smart_pointer(typeid(T));
+    return p;
+}
+
+template <class Held> class held_instance;
+
+typedef void* (*conversion_function_ptr)(void*);
+
+struct base_class_info
+{
+    base_class_info(extension_class_base* t, conversion_function_ptr f)
+        :class_object(t), convert(f)
+        {}
+    
+    extension_class_base* class_object;
+    conversion_function_ptr convert;
+};
+
+typedef base_class_info derived_class_info;
+
+struct add_operator_base;
+
+class extension_class_base : public class_t<extension_instance>
+{
+ public:
+    extension_class_base(const char* name);
+    
+ public:
+    // the purpose of try_class_conversions() and its related functions 
+    // is explained in extclass.cpp
+    void* try_class_conversions(instance_holder_base*) const;
+    void* try_base_class_conversions(instance_holder_base*) const;
+    void* try_derived_class_conversions(instance_holder_base*) const;
+
+    void set_attribute(const char* name, PyObject* x);
+    void set_attribute(const char* name, ref x);
+    
+ private:
+    virtual void* extract_object_from_holder(instance_holder_base* v) const = 0;
+    virtual std::vector<base_class_info> const& base_classes() const = 0;
+    virtual std::vector<derived_class_info> const& derived_classes() const = 0;
+
+ protected:
+    friend struct add_operator_base;
+    void add_method(reference<function> method, const char* name);
+    void add_method(function* method, const char* name);
+    
+    void add_constructor_object(function*);
+    void add_setter_method(function*, const char* name);
+    void add_getter_method(function*, const char* name);
+};
+
+template <class T>
+class class_registry
+{
+ public:
+    static extension_class_base* class_object()
+        { return static_class_object; }
+
+    // Register/unregister the Python class object corresponding to T
+    static void register_class(extension_class_base*);
+    static void unregister_class(extension_class_base*);
+
+    // Establish C++ inheritance relationships
+    static void register_base_class(base_class_info const&);
+    static void register_derived_class(derived_class_info const&);
+
+    // Query the C++ inheritance relationships
+    static std::vector<base_class_info> const& base_classes();
+    static std::vector<derived_class_info> const& derived_classes();
+ private:
+    static extension_class_base* static_class_object;
+    static std::vector<base_class_info> static_base_class_info;
+    static std::vector<derived_class_info> static_derived_class_info;
+};
+
+template <bool is_pointer>
+struct is_null_helper
+{
+    template <class Ptr>
+    static bool test(Ptr x) { return x == 0; }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct is_null_helper<false>
+{
+    template <class Ptr>
+    static bool test(const Ptr& x) { return x.get() == 0; }
+};
+
+template <class Ptr>
+bool is_null(const Ptr& x)
+{
+    return is_null_helper<(is_pointer<Ptr>::value)>::test(x);
+}
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+// This class' only job is to define from_python and to_python converters for T
+// and U. T is the class the user really intends to wrap. U is a class derived
+// from T with some virtual function overriding boilerplate, or if there are no
+// virtual functions, U = held_instance<T>.
+//
+// A look-alike of this class in root/boost/python/cross_module.hpp
+// is used for the implementation of the cross-module support
+// (export_converters and import_converters). If from_python
+// and to_python converters are added or removed from the class
+// below, the class python_import_extension_class_converters has
+// to be modified accordingly.
+//
+template <class T, class U = boost::python::detail::held_instance<T> >
+class python_extension_class_converters
+{
+ public:
+    // Get an object which can be used to convert T to/from python. This is used
+    // as a kind of concept check by the global template
+    //
+    //     PyObject* to_python(const T& x)
+    //
+    // below this class, to prevent the confusing messages that would otherwise
+    // pop up. Now, if T hasn't been wrapped as an extension class, the user
+    // will see an error message about the lack of an eligible
+    // py_extension_class_converters() function.
+    friend python_extension_class_converters py_extension_class_converters(boost::python::type<T>)
+    { 
+        return python_extension_class_converters();
+    }
+
+    // This is a member function because in a conforming implementation, friend
+    // funcitons defined inline in the class body are all instantiated as soon
+    // as the enclosing class is instantiated. If T is not copyable, that causes
+    // a compiler error. Instead, we access this function through the global
+    // template 
+    //
+    //     PyObject* to_python(const T& x)
+    //
+    // defined below this class. Since template functions are instantiated only
+    // on demand, errors will be avoided unless T is noncopyable and the user
+    // writes code which causes us to try to copy a T.
+    PyObject* to_python(const T& x) const
+    {
+        boost::python::reference<boost::python::detail::extension_instance> result(create_instance());
+        result->add_implementation(
+            std::auto_ptr<boost::python::detail::instance_holder_base>(
+                new boost::python::detail::instance_value_holder<T,U>(result.get(), x)));
+        return result.release();
+    }
+
+    friend
+    T* non_null_from_python(PyObject* obj, boost::python::type<T*>)
+    {
+        // downcast to an extension_instance, then find the actual T
+        boost::python::detail::extension_instance* self = boost::python::detail::get_extension_instance(obj);
+        typedef std::vector<boost::python::detail::instance_holder_base*>::const_iterator iterator;
+        for (iterator p = self->wrapped_objects().begin();
+             p != self->wrapped_objects().end(); ++p)
+        {
+            boost::python::detail::instance_holder<T>* held = dynamic_cast<boost::python::detail::instance_holder<T>*>(*p);
+            if (held != 0)
+                return held->target();
+
+            // see extclass.cpp for an explanation of try_class_conversions()
+            void* target = boost::python::detail::class_registry<T>::class_object()->try_class_conversions(*p);
+            if(target) 
+                return static_cast<T*>(target);
+        }
+        boost::python::detail::report_missing_instance_data(self, boost::python::detail::class_registry<T>::class_object(), typeid(T));
+        throw boost::python::argument_error();
+    }
+
+    // Convert to T*
+    friend T* from_python(PyObject* obj, boost::python::type<T*>)
+    {
+        if (obj == Py_None)
+            return 0;
+        else
+            return non_null_from_python(obj, boost::python::type<T*>());
+    }
+
+    // Extract from obj a mutable reference to the PtrType object which is holding a T.
+    template <class PtrType>
+    static PtrType& smart_ptr_reference(PyObject* obj, boost::python::type<PtrType>)
+    {
+        // downcast to an extension_instance, then find the actual T
+        boost::python::detail::extension_instance* self = boost::python::detail::get_extension_instance(obj);
+        typedef std::vector<boost::python::detail::instance_holder_base*>::const_iterator iterator;
+        for (iterator p = self->wrapped_objects().begin();
+             p != self->wrapped_objects().end(); ++p)
+        {
+            boost::python::detail::instance_ptr_holder<PtrType, T>* held =
+                dynamic_cast<boost::python::detail::instance_ptr_holder<PtrType, T>*>(*p);
+            if (held != 0)
+                return held->ptr();
+        }
+        boost::python::detail::report_missing_ptr_data(self, boost::python::detail::class_registry<T>::class_object(), typeid(T));
+        throw boost::python::argument_error();
+    }
+
+    // Extract from obj a reference to the PtrType object which is holding a
+    // T. If it weren't for auto_ptr, it would be a constant reference. Do not
+    // modify the referent except by copying an auto_ptr! If obj is None, the
+    // reference denotes a default-constructed PtrType
+    template <class PtrType>
+    static PtrType& smart_ptr_value(PyObject* obj, boost::python::type<PtrType>)
+    {
+        if (obj == Py_None)
+        {
+            static PtrType null_ptr;
+            return null_ptr;
+        }
+        return smart_ptr_reference(obj, boost::python::type<PtrType>());
+    }
+        
+    template <class PtrType>
+    static PyObject* smart_ptr_to_python(PtrType x)
+    {
+        if (boost::python::detail::is_null(x))
+        {
+            return boost::python::detail::none();
+        }
+        
+        boost::python::reference<boost::python::detail::extension_instance> result(create_instance());
+        result->add_implementation(
+            std::auto_ptr<boost::python::detail::instance_holder_base>(
+                new boost::python::detail::instance_ptr_holder<PtrType,T>(x)));
+        return result.release();
+    }
+
+    static boost::python::reference<boost::python::detail::extension_instance> create_instance()
+    {
+        PyTypeObject* class_object = boost::python::detail::class_registry<T>::class_object();
+        if (class_object == 0)
+            boost::python::detail::report_missing_class_object(typeid(T));
+            
+        return boost::python::reference<boost::python::detail::extension_instance>(
+            new boost::python::detail::extension_instance(class_object));
+    }
+
+    // Convert to const T*
+    friend const T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*>)
+        { return from_python(p, boost::python::type<T*>()); }
+
+    // Convert to const T* const&
+    friend const T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T*const&>)
+         { return from_python(p, boost::python::type<const T*>()); }
+  
+    // Convert to T* const&
+    friend T* from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T* const&>)
+         { return from_python(p, boost::python::type<T*>()); }
+ 
+    // Convert to T&
+    friend T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T&>)
+        { return *boost::python::detail::check_non_null(non_null_from_python(p, boost::python::type<T*>())); }
+
+    // Convert to const T&
+    friend const T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const T&>)
+        { return from_python(p, boost::python::type<T&>()); }
+
+    // Convert to T
+    friend const T& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<T>)
+        { return from_python(p, boost::python::type<T&>()); }
+
+    friend std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T>&>)
+        { return smart_ptr_reference(p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> >()); }
+    
+    friend std::auto_ptr<T> from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> >)
+        { return smart_ptr_value(p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> >()); }
+    
+    friend const std::auto_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const std::auto_ptr<T>&>)
+        { return smart_ptr_value(p, boost::python::type<std::auto_ptr<T> >()); }
+
+    friend PyObject* to_python(std::auto_ptr<T> x)
+        { return smart_ptr_to_python(x); }
+
+    friend boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T>&>)
+        { return smart_ptr_reference(p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >()); }
+    
+    friend const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >)
+        { return smart_ptr_value(p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >()); }
+    
+    friend const boost::shared_ptr<T>& from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::shared_ptr<T>&>)
+        { return smart_ptr_value(p, boost::python::type<boost::shared_ptr<T> >()); }
+
+    friend PyObject* to_python(boost::shared_ptr<T> x)
+        { return smart_ptr_to_python(x); }
+};
+
+// Convert T to_python, instantiated on demand and only if there isn't a
+// non-template overload for this function. This version is the one invoked when
+// T is a wrapped class. See the first 2 functions declared in
+// python_extension_class_converters above for more info.
+template <class T>
+PyObject* to_python(const T& x)
+{
+    return py_extension_class_converters(boost::python::type<T>()).to_python(x);
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_IMPORT_CONVERSION(python_extension_class_converters);
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <class T> class instance_holder;
+
+class read_only_setattr_function : public function
+{
+ public:
+    read_only_setattr_function(const char* name);
+    PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    const char* description() const;
+ private:
+    string m_name;
+};
+
+  template <class From, class To>
+  struct define_conversion
+  {
+      static void* upcast_ptr(void* v)
+      {
+          return static_cast<To*>(static_cast<From*>(v));
+      }
+
+      static void* downcast_ptr(void* v)
+      {
+          return dynamic_cast<To*>(static_cast<From*>(v));
+      }
+  };
+
+// An easy way to make an extension base class which wraps T. Note that Python
+// subclasses of this class will simply be class_t<extension_instance> objects.
+//
+// U should be a class derived from T which overrides virtual functions with
+// boilerplate code to call back into Python. See extclass_demo.h for examples.
+// 
+// U is optional, but you won't be able to override any member functions in
+// Python which are called from C++ if you don't supply it. If you just want to
+// be able to use T in python without overriding member functions, you can omit
+// U.
+template <class T, class U = held_instance<T> >
+class extension_class
+    : public python_extension_class_converters<T, U>, // This generates the to_python/from_python functions
+      public extension_class_base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef T wrapped_type;
+    typedef U callback_type;
+    
+    // Construct with a name that comes from typeid(T).name(). The name only
+    // affects the objects of this class are represented through repr()
+    extension_class();
+    
+    // Construct with the given name. The name only affects the objects of this
+    // class are represented through repr()
+    extension_class(const char* name);
+    
+    ~extension_class();
+
+    // define constructors
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    inline void def(constructor<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10>)
+    // The following incantation builds a signature1, signature2,... object. It
+    // should _all_ get optimized away.
+    { add_constructor(
+        prepend(type<A1>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A2>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A3>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A4>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A5>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A6>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A7>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A8>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A9>::id(),
+        prepend(type<A10>::id(),
+                signature0())))))))))));
+    }
+
+
+    // export homogeneous operators (type of both lhs and rhs is 'operator')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub), Foo>());
+    
+    // export homogeneous operators (type of both lhs and rhs is 'T const&')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>());
+    template <long which, class Operand>
+    inline void def(operators<which,Operand>)
+    {
+        typedef typename operand_select<Operand>::template wrapped<T>::type true_operand;
+        def_operators(operators<which,true_operand>());
+    }
+
+    // export heterogeneous operators (type of lhs: 'left', of rhs: 'right')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub), Foo>(),
+    //                       boost::python::right_operand<int const&>());
+
+    // export heterogeneous operators (type of lhs: 'T const&', of rhs: 'right')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>(),
+    //                       boost::python::right_operand<int const&>());
+    template <long which, class Left, class Right>
+    inline void def(operators<which,Left>, right_operand<Right> r)
+    {
+        typedef typename operand_select<Left>::template wrapped<T>::type true_left;
+        def_operators(operators<which,true_left>(), r);
+    }
+
+    // export heterogeneous reverse-argument operators 
+    // (type of lhs: 'left', of rhs: 'right')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub), Foo>(),
+    //                       boost::python::left_operand<int const&>());
+    
+    // export heterogeneous reverse-argument operators 
+    // (type of lhs: 'left', of rhs: 'T const&')
+    // usage:  foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>(),
+    //                       boost::python::left_operand<int const&>());
+    template <long which, class Left, class Right>
+    inline void def(operators<which,Right>, left_operand<Left> l)
+    {
+        typedef typename operand_select<Right>::template wrapped<T>::type true_right;
+        def_operators(operators<which,true_right>(), l);
+    }
+
+    // define a function that passes Python arguments and keywords
+    // to C++ verbatim (as a 'tuple const&' and 'dictionary const&' 
+    // respectively). This is useful for manual argument passing.
+    // It's also the only possibility to pass keyword arguments to C++.
+    // Fn must have a signatur that is compatible to 
+    //     PyObject* (*)(PyObject* aTuple, PyObject* aDictionary)
+    template <class Fn>
+    inline void def_raw(Fn fn, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->add_method(new_raw_arguments_function(fn), name);
+    }
+
+    // define member functions. In fact this works for free functions, too -
+    // they act like static member functions, or if they start with the
+    // appropriate self argument (as a pointer), they can be used just like
+    // ordinary member functions -- just like Python!
+    template <class Fn>
+    inline void def(Fn fn, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->add_method(new_wrapped_function(fn), name);
+    }
+
+    // Define a virtual member function with a default implementation.
+    // default_fn should be a function which provides the default implementation.
+    // Be careful that default_fn does not in fact call fn virtually!
+    template <class Fn, class DefaultFn>
+    inline void def(Fn fn, const char* name, DefaultFn default_fn)
+    {
+        this->add_method(new_virtual_function(type<T>(), fn, default_fn), name);
+    }
+
+    // Provide a function which implements x.<name>, reading from the given
+    // member (pm) of the T obj
+    template <class MemberType>
+    inline void def_getter(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->add_getter_method(new getter_function<T, MemberType>(pm), name);
+    }
+    
+    // Provide a function which implements assignment to x.<name>, writing to
+    // the given member (pm) of the T obj
+    template <class MemberType>
+    inline void def_setter(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->add_setter_method(new setter_function<T, MemberType>(pm), name);
+    }
+    
+    // Expose the given member (pm) of the T obj as a read-only attribute
+    template <class MemberType>
+    inline void def_readonly(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->add_setter_method(new read_only_setattr_function(name), name);
+        this->def_getter(pm, name);
+    }
+    
+    // Expose the given member (pm) of the T obj as a read/write attribute
+    template <class MemberType>
+    inline void def_read_write(MemberType T::*pm, const char* name)
+    {
+        this->def_getter(pm, name);
+        this->def_setter(pm, name);
+    }
+    
+    // define the standard coercion needed for operator overloading
+    void def_standard_coerce();
+
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // up and down conversion functions
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(extension_class<S, V>* base)
+    {
+        // see extclass.cpp for an explanation of why we need to register
+        // conversion functions
+        base_class_info baseInfo(base, 
+                            &define_conversion<S, T>::downcast_ptr);
+        class_registry<T>::register_base_class(baseInfo);
+        add_base(ref(as_object(base), ref::increment_count));
+        
+        derived_class_info derivedInfo(this, 
+                            &define_conversion<T, S>::upcast_ptr);
+        class_registry<S>::register_derived_class(derivedInfo);
+    }
+        
+    // declare the given class a base class of this one and register 
+    // only up conversion function
+    template <class S, class V>
+    void declare_base(extension_class<S, V>* base, without_downcast_t)
+    {
+        // see extclass.cpp for an explanation of why we need to register
+        // conversion functions
+        base_class_info baseInfo(base, 0);
+        class_registry<T>::register_base_class(baseInfo);
+        add_base(ref(as_object(base), ref::increment_count));
+        
+        derived_class_info derivedInfo(this, 
+                           &define_conversion<T, S>::upcast_ptr);
+        class_registry<S>::register_derived_class(derivedInfo);
+    }
+    
+ private: // types
+    typedef instance_value_holder<T,U> holder;
+
+ private: // extension_class_base virtual function implementations
+    std::vector<base_class_info> const& base_classes() const;
+    std::vector<derived_class_info> const& derived_classes() const;
+    void* extract_object_from_holder(instance_holder_base* v) const;
+
+ private: // Utility functions
+    template <long which, class Operand>
+    inline void def_operators(operators<which,Operand>)
+    {
+        def_standard_coerce();
+
+        // for some strange reason, this prevents MSVC from having an
+        // "unrecoverable block scoping error"!
+        typedef choose_op<(which & op_add)> choose_add;
+
+        choose_op<(which & op_add)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_sub)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_mul)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_div)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_mod)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_divmod)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_pow)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_lshift)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_rshift)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_and)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_xor)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_or)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_neg)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_pos)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_abs)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_invert)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_int)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_long)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_float)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_cmp)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+        choose_unary_op<(which & op_str)>::template args<Operand>::add(this);
+    }
+
+    template <long which, class Left, class Right>
+    inline void def_operators(operators<which,Left>, right_operand<Right>)
+    {
+        def_standard_coerce();
+        
+        choose_op<(which & op_add)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_sub)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_mul)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_div)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_mod)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_divmod)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_pow)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_lshift)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_rshift)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_and)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_xor)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_or)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_op<(which & op_cmp)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+    }
+    
+    template <long which, class Left, class Right>
+    inline void def_operators(operators<which,Right>, left_operand<Left>)
+    {
+        def_standard_coerce();
+        
+        choose_rop<(which & op_add)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_sub)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_mul)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_div)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_mod)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_divmod)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_pow)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_lshift)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_rshift)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_and)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_xor)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_or)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+        choose_rop<(which & op_cmp)>::template args<Left,Right>::add(this);
+    }
+    
+    template <class signature>
+    void add_constructor(signature sig)
+    {
+        this->add_constructor_object(init_function<holder>::create(sig));
+    }
+};
+
+// A simple wrapper over a T which allows us to use extension_class<T> with a
+// single template parameter only. See extension_class<T>, above.
+template <class Held>
+class held_instance : public Held
+{
+    // There are no member functions: we want to avoid inadvertently overriding
+    // any virtual functions in Held.
+public:
+    held_instance(PyObject*) : Held() {}
+    template <class A1>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1) : Held(a1) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2) : Held(a1, a2) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3) : Held(a1, a2, a3) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    held_instance(PyObject*, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9, A10 a10) : Held(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10) {}
+};
+
+// Abstract base class for all obj holders. Base for template class
+// instance_holder<>, below.
+class instance_holder_base
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~instance_holder_base() {}
+    virtual bool held_by_value() = 0;
+};
+
+// Abstract base class which holds a Held, somehow. Provides a uniform way to
+// get a pointer to the held object
+template <class Held>
+class instance_holder : public instance_holder_base
+{
+public:
+    virtual Held*target() = 0;
+};
+
+// Concrete class which holds a Held by way of a wrapper class Wrapper. If Held
+// can be constructed with arguments (A1...An), Wrapper must have a
+// corresponding constructor for arguments (PyObject*, A1...An). Wrapper is
+// neccessary to implement virtual function callbacks (there must be a
+// back-pointer to the actual Python object so that we can call any
+// overrides). held_instance (above) is used as a default Wrapper class when
+// there are no virtual functions.
+template <class Held, class Wrapper>
+class instance_value_holder : public instance_holder<Held>
+{
+public:
+    Held* target() { return &m_held; }
+    Wrapper* value_target() { return &m_held; }
+
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p) :
+        m_held(p) {}
+    template <class A1>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1) :
+        m_held(p, a1) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9) {}
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    instance_value_holder(extension_instance* p, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9, A10 a10) :
+        m_held(p, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10) {}
+
+ public: // implementation of instance_holder_base required interface
+    bool held_by_value() { return true; }
+
+ private:
+    Wrapper m_held;
+};
+
+// Concrete class which holds a HeldType by way of a (possibly smart) pointer
+// PtrType. By default, these are only generated for PtrType ==
+// std::auto_ptr<HeldType> and PtrType == boost::shared_ptr<HeldType>.
+template <class PtrType, class HeldType>
+class instance_ptr_holder : public instance_holder<HeldType>
+{
+ public:
+    HeldType* target() { return &*m_ptr; }
+    PtrType& ptr() { return m_ptr; }
+
+    instance_ptr_holder(PtrType ptr) : m_ptr(ptr) {}
+    
+ public: // implementation of instance_holder_base required interface
+    bool held_by_value() { return false; }
+ private:
+    PtrType m_ptr;
+};
+
+class extension_instance : public instance
+{
+ public:
+    extension_instance(PyTypeObject* class_);
+    ~extension_instance();
+    
+    void add_implementation(std::auto_ptr<instance_holder_base> holder);
+
+    typedef std::vector<instance_holder_base*> held_objects;
+    const held_objects& wrapped_objects() const
+        { return m_wrapped_objects; }
+ private:
+    held_objects m_wrapped_objects;
+};
+
+//
+// Template function implementations
+//
+
+template <class T, class U>
+extension_class<T, U>::extension_class()
+    : extension_class_base(typeid(T).name())
+{
+    class_registry<T>::register_class(this);
+}
+
+template <class T, class U>
+extension_class<T, U>::extension_class(const char* name)
+    : extension_class_base(name)
+{
+    class_registry<T>::register_class(this);
+}
+
+template <class T, class U>
+void extension_class<T, U>::def_standard_coerce()
+{
+    ref coerce_fct = dict().get_item(string("__coerce__"));
+    
+    if(coerce_fct.get() == 0) // not yet defined
+        this->def(&standard_coerce, "__coerce__");
+}
+
+template <class T, class U>
+inline
+std::vector<base_class_info> const& 
+extension_class<T, U>::base_classes() const
+{
+    return class_registry<T>::base_classes();
+}
+
+template <class T, class U>
+inline
+std::vector<derived_class_info> const& 
+extension_class<T, U>::derived_classes() const
+{
+    return class_registry<T>::derived_classes();
+}
+       
+template <class T, class U>
+void* extension_class<T, U>::extract_object_from_holder(instance_holder_base* v) const
+{
+    instance_holder<T>* held = dynamic_cast<instance_holder<T>*>(v);
+    if(held)
+        return held->target();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+template <class T, class U>
+extension_class<T, U>::~extension_class()
+{
+    class_registry<T>::unregister_class(this);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+inline void class_registry<T>::register_class(extension_class_base* p)
+{
+    // You're not expected to create more than one of these!
+    assert(static_class_object == 0);
+    static_class_object = p;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+inline void class_registry<T>::unregister_class(extension_class_base* p)
+{
+    // The user should be destroying the same object they created.
+    assert(static_class_object == p);
+    (void)p; // unused in shipping version
+    static_class_object = 0;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void class_registry<T>::register_base_class(base_class_info const& i)
+{
+    static_base_class_info.push_back(i);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void class_registry<T>::register_derived_class(derived_class_info const& i)
+{
+    static_derived_class_info.push_back(i);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+std::vector<base_class_info> const& class_registry<T>::base_classes()
+{
+    return static_base_class_info;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+std::vector<derived_class_info> const& class_registry<T>::derived_classes()
+{
+    return static_derived_class_info;
+}
+
+//
+// Static data member declaration.
+//
+template <class T>
+extension_class_base* class_registry<T>::static_class_object;
+template <class T>
+std::vector<base_class_info> class_registry<T>::static_base_class_info;
+template <class T>
+std::vector<derived_class_info> class_registry<T>::static_derived_class_info;
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // EXTENSION_CLASS_DWA052000_H_

include/boost/python/detail/functions.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef FUNCTIONS_DWA051400_H_
+# define FUNCTIONS_DWA051400_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/caller.hpp>
+# include <boost/call_traits.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/objects.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/base_object.hpp>
+# include <typeinfo>
+# include <vector>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+
+// forward declaration
+class extension_instance;
+
+
+// function --
+//      the common base class for all overloadable function and method objects
+//      supplied by the library.
+class function : public python_object
+{
+ public:
+    function();
+    // function objects are reasonably rare, so we guess we can afford a virtual table.
+    // This cuts down on the number of distinct type objects which need to be defined.
+    virtual ~function() {}
+
+    PyObject* call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    static void add_to_namespace(reference<function> f, const char* name, PyObject* dict);
+    
+ private:
+    virtual PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const = 0;
+    virtual const char* description() const = 0;
+ private:
+    struct type_object;
+ private:
+    reference<function> m_overloads;
+};
+
+// wrapped_function_pointer<> --
+//      A single function or member function pointer wrapped and presented to
+//      Python as a callable object.
+//
+//   Template parameters:
+//      R - the return type of the function pointer
+//      F - the complete type of the wrapped function pointer
+template <class R, class F>
+struct wrapped_function_pointer : function
+{
+	typedef F ptr_fun; // pointer-to--function or pointer-to-member-function
+	
+	wrapped_function_pointer(ptr_fun pf)
+        : m_pf(pf) {}
+
+ private:
+	PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const
+        { return caller<R>::call(m_pf, args, keywords); }
+    
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(F).name(); }
+    
+ private:
+	const ptr_fun m_pf;
+};
+
+// raw_arguments_function
+//      A function that passes the Python argument tuple and keyword dictionary 
+//      verbatim to C++ (useful for customized argument parsing and variable
+//      argument lists)
+template <class Ret, class Args, class Keywords>
+struct raw_arguments_function : function
+{
+	typedef Ret (*ptr_fun)(Args, Keywords); 
+	
+	raw_arguments_function(ptr_fun pf)
+        : m_pf(pf) {}
+
+ private:
+	PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const
+    { 
+        ref dict(keywords ? 
+                 ref(keywords, ref::increment_count) :
+                 ref(PyDict_New()));
+            
+        return to_python(
+            (*m_pf)(from_python(args, boost::python::type<Args>()),
+                    from_python(dict.get(), boost::python::type<Keywords>()))); 
+    }
+    
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(ptr_fun).name(); }
+    
+ private:
+	const ptr_fun m_pf;
+};
+
+// virtual_function<> --
+//      A virtual function with a default implementation wrapped and presented
+//      to Python as a callable object.
+//
+//   Template parameters:
+//      T - the type of the target class
+//      R - the return type of the function pointer
+//      V - the virtual function pointer being wrapped
+//          (should be of the form R(T::*)(<args>), or R (*)(T, <args>))
+//      D - a function which takes a T&, const T&, T*, or const T* first
+//          parameter and calls T::f on it /non-virtually/, where V
+//          approximates &T::f.
+template <class T, class R, class V, class D>
+class virtual_function : public function
+{
+ public:
+	virtual_function(V virtual_function_ptr, D default_implementation)
+        : m_virtual_function_ptr(virtual_function_ptr),
+          m_default_implementation(default_implementation)
+        {}
+
+ private:
+	PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(V).name(); }
+    
+ private:
+	const V m_virtual_function_ptr;
+    const D m_default_implementation;
+};
+
+// A helper function for new_member_function(), below.  Implements the core
+// functionality once the return type has already been deduced. R is expected to
+// be type<X>, where X is the actual return type of pmf.
+template <class F, class R>
+function* new_wrapped_function_aux(R, F pmf)
+{
+    // We can't just use "typename R::Type" below because MSVC (incorrectly) pukes.
+    typedef typename R::type return_type;
+    return new wrapped_function_pointer<return_type, F>(pmf);
+}
+
+// Create and return a new member function object wrapping the given
+// pointer-to-member function
+template <class F>
+inline function* new_wrapped_function(F pmf)
+{
+    // Deduce the return type and pass it off to the helper function above
+	return new_wrapped_function_aux(return_value(pmf), pmf);
+}
+
+template <class R, class Args, class keywords>
+function* new_raw_arguments_function(R (*pmf)(Args, keywords))
+{
+    return new raw_arguments_function<R, Args, keywords>(pmf);
+}
+
+
+// A helper function for new_virtual_function(), below.  Implements the core
+// functionality once the return type has already been deduced. R is expected to
+// be type<X>, where X is the actual return type of V.
+template <class T, class R, class V, class D>
+inline function* new_virtual_function_aux(
+    type<T>, R, V virtual_function_ptr, D default_implementation
+    )
+{
+    // We can't just use "typename R::Type" below because MSVC (incorrectly) pukes.
+    typedef typename R::type return_type;
+    return new virtual_function<T, return_type, V, D>(
+        virtual_function_ptr, default_implementation);
+}
+
+// Create and return a new virtual_function object wrapping the given
+// virtual_function_ptr and default_implementation
+template <class T, class V, class D>
+inline function* new_virtual_function(
+    type<T>, V virtual_function_ptr, D default_implementation
+    )
+{
+    // Deduce the return type and pass it off to the helper function above
+    return new_virtual_function_aux(
+        type<T>(), return_value(virtual_function_ptr),
+        virtual_function_ptr, default_implementation);
+}
+
+// A function with a bundled "bound target" object. This is what is produced by
+// the expression a.b where a is an instance or extension_instance object and b
+// is a callable object not found in the obj namespace but on its class or
+// a base class.
+class bound_function : public python_object
+{
+ public:
+    static bound_function* create(const ref& target, const ref& fn);
+    
+    bound_function(const ref& target, const ref& fn);
+    PyObject* call(PyObject*args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    PyObject* getattr(const char* name) const;
+    
+ private:
+    struct type_object;
+    friend struct type_object;
+    
+    ref m_target;
+    ref m_unbound_function;
+    
+ private: // data members for allocation/deallocation optimization
+    bound_function* m_free_list_link;
+
+	static bound_function* free_list;
+};
+
+// Special functions designed to access data members of a wrapped C++ object.
+template <class ClassType, class MemberType>
+class getter_function : public function
+{
+ public:
+    typedef MemberType ClassType::* pointer_to_member;
+    
+    getter_function(pointer_to_member pm)
+        : m_pm(pm) {}
+
+ private:
+    PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(MemberType (*)(const ClassType&)).name(); }
+ private:
+    pointer_to_member m_pm;
+};
+
+template <class ClassType, class MemberType>
+class setter_function : public function
+{
+ public:
+    typedef MemberType ClassType::* pointer_to_member;
+    
+    setter_function(pointer_to_member pm)
+        : m_pm(pm) {}
+
+ private:
+    PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+    
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(const ClassType&, const MemberType&)).name(); }
+ private:
+    pointer_to_member m_pm;
+};
+
+template <class ClassType, class MemberType>
+PyObject* getter_function<ClassType, MemberType>::do_call(
+    PyObject* args, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+{
+    PyObject* self;
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("O"), &self))
+        return 0;
+
+    return to_python(
+        from_python(self, type<const ClassType*>())->*m_pm);
+}
+
+template <class ClassType, class MemberType>
+PyObject* setter_function<ClassType, MemberType>::do_call(
+    PyObject* args, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+{
+    PyObject* self;
+    PyObject* value;
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OO"), &self, &value))
+        return 0;
+    
+    typedef typename boost::call_traits<MemberType>::const_reference extract_type;
+    from_python(self, type<ClassType*>())->*m_pm
+        = from_python(value, type<extract_type>());
+    
+    return none();
+}
+
+template <class T, class R, class V, class D>
+PyObject* virtual_function<T,R,V,D>::do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const
+{
+    // If the target object is held by pointer, we must call through the virtual
+    // function pointer to the most-derived override.
+    PyObject* target = PyTuple_GetItem(args, 0);
+    if (target != 0)
+    {
+        extension_instance* self = get_extension_instance(target);
+        if (self->wrapped_objects().size() == 1
+            && !self->wrapped_objects()[0]->held_by_value())
+        {
+            return caller<R>::call(m_virtual_function_ptr, args, keywords);
+        }
+    }
+    return caller<R>::call(m_default_implementation, args, keywords);
+}
+    
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // FUNCTIONS_DWA051400_H_

include/boost/python/detail/init_function.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+//  This file was generated for %d-argument constructors by gen_init_function.python
+
+#ifndef INIT_FUNCTION_DWA052000_H_
+# define INIT_FUNCTION_DWA052000_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/functions.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp>
+# include <typeinfo>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+  // parameter_traits - so far, this is a way to pass a const T& when we can be
+  // sure T is not a reference type, and a raw T otherwise. This should be
+  // rolled into boost::call_traits. Ordinarily, parameter_traits would be
+  // written:
+  //
+  //    template <class T> struct parameter_traits
+  //    {
+  //        typedef const T& const_reference;
+  //    };
+  //
+  //    template <class T> struct parameter_traits<T&>
+  //    {
+  //        typedef T& const_reference;
+  //    };
+  //
+  //    template <> struct parameter_traits<void>
+  //    {
+  //        typedef void const_reference;
+  //    };
+  //
+  // ...but since we can't partially specialize on reference types, we need this
+  // long-winded but equivalent incantation.
+
+  // const_ref_selector -- an implementation detail of parameter_traits (below). This uses
+  // the usual "poor man's partial specialization" hack for MSVC. 
+  template <bool is_ref>
+  struct const_ref_selector
+  {
+      template <class T>
+      struct const_ref
+      {
+          typedef const T& type;
+      };
+  };
+
+  template <>
+  struct const_ref_selector<true>
+  {
+      template <class T>
+      struct const_ref
+      {
+          typedef T type;
+      };
+  };
+
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#  pragma warning(push)
+#  pragma warning(disable: 4181)
+# endif // BOOST_MSVC
+  template <class T>
+  struct parameter_traits
+  {
+   private:
+      enum { is_ref = boost::is_reference<T>::value };
+      typedef const_ref_selector<is_ref> selector;
+   public:
+      typedef typename selector::template const_ref<T>::type const_reference;
+  };
+# ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#  pragma warning(pop)
+# endif // BOOST_MSVC
+
+  // Full spcialization for void
+  template <>
+  struct parameter_traits<void>
+  {
+      typedef void const_reference;
+  };
+
+  template <class T>
+  class reference_parameter
+  {
+      typedef typename parameter_traits<T>::const_reference const_reference;
+   public:
+      reference_parameter(const_reference value)
+          : value(value) {}
+      operator const_reference() { return value; }
+   private:
+      const_reference value;
+  };
+
+class extension_instance;
+class instance_holder_base;
+
+class init;
+template <class T> struct init0;
+template <class T, class A1> struct init1;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2> struct init2;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3> struct init3;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4> struct init4;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5> struct init5;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6> struct init6;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7> struct init7;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8> struct init8;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9> struct init9;
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10> struct init10;
+
+template <class T>
+struct init_function
+{
+    static init* create(signature0) {
+        return new init0<T>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1>
+    static init* create(signature1<A1>) {
+        return new init1<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    static init* create(signature2<A1, A2>) {
+        return new init2<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    static init* create(signature3<A1, A2, A3>) {
+        return new init3<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    static init* create(signature4<A1, A2, A3, A4>) {
+        return new init4<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    static init* create(signature5<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5>) {
+        return new init5<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    static init* create(signature6<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6>) {
+        return new init6<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A6>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    static init* create(signature7<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7>) {
+        return new init7<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A6>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A7>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    static init* create(signature8<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8>) {
+        return new init8<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A6>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A7>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A8>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    static init* create(signature9<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9>) {
+        return new init9<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A6>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A7>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A8>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A9>::const_reference>;
+    }
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    static init* create(signature10<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10>) {
+        return new init10<T,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A1>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A2>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A3>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A4>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A5>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A6>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A7>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A8>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A9>::const_reference,
+                       detail::parameter_traits<A10>::const_reference>;
+    }
+};
+
+class init : public function
+{
+private: // override function hook
+    PyObject* do_call(PyObject* args, PyObject* keywords) const;
+private:
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* tail_args, PyObject* keywords) const = 0;
+};
+
+
+template <class T>
+struct init0 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("")))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1>
+struct init1 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("O"), &a1))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2>
+struct init2 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OO"), &a1, &a2))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3>
+struct init3 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+struct init4 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+struct init5 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+struct init6 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        PyObject* a6;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A6>(from_python(a6, type<A6>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+struct init7 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        PyObject* a6;
+        PyObject* a7;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6, &a7))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A6>(from_python(a6, type<A6>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A7>(from_python(a7, type<A7>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+struct init8 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        PyObject* a6;
+        PyObject* a7;
+        PyObject* a8;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6, &a7, &a8))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A6>(from_python(a6, type<A6>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A7>(from_python(a7, type<A7>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A8>(from_python(a8, type<A8>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+struct init9 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        PyObject* a6;
+        PyObject* a7;
+        PyObject* a8;
+        PyObject* a9;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOOOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6, &a7, &a8, &a9))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A6>(from_python(a6, type<A6>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A7>(from_python(a7, type<A7>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A8>(from_python(a8, type<A8>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A9>(from_python(a9, type<A9>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)).name(); }
+};
+
+template <class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+struct init10 : init
+{
+    virtual instance_holder_base* create_holder(extension_instance* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* /*keywords*/) const
+    {
+        PyObject* a1;
+        PyObject* a2;
+        PyObject* a3;
+        PyObject* a4;
+        PyObject* a5;
+        PyObject* a6;
+        PyObject* a7;
+        PyObject* a8;
+        PyObject* a9;
+        PyObject* a10;
+        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, const_cast<char*>("OOOOOOOOOO"), &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6, &a7, &a8, &a9, &a10))
+            throw argument_error();
+        return new T(self,
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A1>(from_python(a1, type<A1>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A2>(from_python(a2, type<A2>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A3>(from_python(a3, type<A3>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A4>(from_python(a4, type<A4>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A5>(from_python(a5, type<A5>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A6>(from_python(a6, type<A6>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A7>(from_python(a7, type<A7>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A8>(from_python(a8, type<A8>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A9>(from_python(a9, type<A9>())),
+            boost::python::detail::reference_parameter<A10>(from_python(a10, type<A10>()))
+            );
+    }
+    const char* description() const
+        { return typeid(void (*)(T&, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10)).name(); }
+};
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // INIT_FUNCTION_DWA052000_H_

include/boost/python/detail/none.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef NONE_DWA_052000_H_
+# define NONE_DWA_052000_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+
+inline PyObject* none() { Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; }
+    
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // NONE_DWA_052000_H_

include/boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+//  This file automatically generated by gen_signatures.python for 10 arguments.
+#ifndef SIGNATURES_DWA050900_H_
+# define SIGNATURES_DWA050900_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+namespace detail {
+// A stand-in for the built-in void. This one can be passed to functions and
+// (under MSVC, which has a bug, be used as a default template type parameter).
+struct void_t {};
+}
+
+// An envelope in which type information can be delivered for the purposes
+// of selecting an overloaded from_python() function. This is needed to work
+// around MSVC's lack of partial specialiation/ordering. Where normally we'd
+// want to form a function call like void f<const T&>(), We instead pass
+// type<const T&> as one of the function parameters to select a particular
+// overload.
+//
+// The id typedef helps us deal with the lack of partial ordering by generating
+// unique types for constructor signatures. In general, type<T>::id is type<T>,
+// but type<void_t>::id is just void_t.
+template <class T>
+struct type
+{
+    typedef type id;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct type<boost::python::detail::void_t>
+{
+    typedef boost::python::detail::void_t id;
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+// These basically encapsulate a chain of types, , used to make the syntax of
+// add(constructor<T1, ...>()) work. We need to produce a unique type for each number
+// of non-default parameters to constructor<>.  Q: why not use a recursive
+// formulation for infinite extensibility? A: MSVC6 seems to choke on constructs
+// that involve recursive template nesting.
+//
+// signature chaining
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class T9, class T10>
+struct signature10 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class T9>
+struct signature9 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class T9, class X>
+inline signature10<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> prepend(type<X>, signature9<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9>)
+    { return signature10<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8>
+struct signature8 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class X>
+inline signature9<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> prepend(type<X>, signature8<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>)
+    { return signature9<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7>
+struct signature7 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class X>
+inline signature8<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> prepend(type<X>, signature7<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>)
+    { return signature8<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6>
+struct signature6 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class X>
+inline signature7<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> prepend(type<X>, signature6<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>)
+    { return signature7<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5>
+struct signature5 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class X>
+inline signature6<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> prepend(type<X>, signature5<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>)
+    { return signature6<X, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4>
+struct signature4 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class X>
+inline signature5<X, T1, T2, T3, T4> prepend(type<X>, signature4<T1, T2, T3, T4>)
+    { return signature5<X, T1, T2, T3, T4>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3>
+struct signature3 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class T3, class X>
+inline signature4<X, T1, T2, T3> prepend(type<X>, signature3<T1, T2, T3>)
+    { return signature4<X, T1, T2, T3>(); }
+
+template <class T1, class T2>
+struct signature2 {};
+
+template <class T1, class T2, class X>
+inline signature3<X, T1, T2> prepend(type<X>, signature2<T1, T2>)
+    { return signature3<X, T1, T2>(); }
+
+template <class T1>
+struct signature1 {};
+
+template <class T1, class X>
+inline signature2<X, T1> prepend(type<X>, signature1<T1>)
+    { return signature2<X, T1>(); }
+
+struct signature0 {};
+
+template <class X>
+inline signature1<X> prepend(type<X>, signature0)
+    { return signature1<X>(); }
+
+
+// This one terminates the chain. Prepending void_t to the head of a void_t
+// signature results in a void_t signature again.
+inline signature0 prepend(void_t, signature0) { return signature0(); }
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+template <class A1 = detail::void_t, class A2 = detail::void_t, class A3 = detail::void_t, class A4 = detail::void_t, class A5 = detail::void_t, class A6 = detail::void_t, class A7 = detail::void_t, class A8 = detail::void_t, class A9 = detail::void_t, class A10 = detail::void_t>
+struct constructor
+{
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+// Return value extraction:
+
+// This is just another little envelope for carrying a typedef (see type,
+// above). I could have re-used type, but that has a very specific purpose. I
+// thought this would be clearer.
+template <class T>
+struct return_value_select { typedef T type; };
+
+// free functions
+template <class R>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)()) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+// TODO(?): handle 'const void'
+
+// member functions
+template <class R, class T>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)()) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10)) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)() const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+template <class R, class T, class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+return_value_select<R> return_value(R (T::*)(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10) const) { return return_value_select<R>(); }
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif

include/boost/python/detail/singleton.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef SINGLETON_DWA051900_H_
+# define SINGLETON_DWA051900_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python { namespace detail {
+
+struct empty {};
+template <class Derived, class Base = empty>
+struct singleton : Base
+{
+    typedef singleton singleton_base; // Convenience type for derived class constructors
+    
+    static Derived* instance();
+
+    // Pass-through constructors
+    singleton() : Base() {}
+
+    template <class A1>
+    singleton(const A1& a1) : Base(a1) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2) : Base(a1, a2) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3) : Base(a1, a2, a3) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9) {}
+
+    template <class A1, class A2, class A3, class A4, class A5, class A6, class A7, class A8, class A9, class A10>
+    singleton(const A1& a1, const A2& a2, const A3& a3, const A4& a4, const A5& a5, const A6& a6, const A7& a7, const A8& a8, const A9& a9, const A10& a10) : Base(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10) {}
+
+};
+
+template <class Derived, class Base>
+Derived* singleton<Derived,Base>::instance()
+{
+    static Derived x;
+    return &x;
+}
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif

include/boost/python/detail/types.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef TYPES_DWA051800_H_
+# define TYPES_DWA051800_H_
+
+//  Usage:
+//  class X : public
+//          boost::python::callable<
+//          boost::python::getattrable <
+//          boost::python::setattrable<python_object, X> > >
+//  {
+//  public:
+//      ref call(args, kw);
+//      ref getattr(args, kw);
+//      ref setattr(args, kw);
+//  };
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp> // really just for type<>
+# include <boost/python/detail/cast.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/base_object.hpp>
+# include <typeinfo>
+# include <vector>
+# include <cassert>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+class string;
+
+namespace detail {
+
+class instance_holder_base;
+
+class type_object_base : public python_type
+{
+ public:
+    explicit type_object_base(PyTypeObject* type_type);
+    virtual ~type_object_base();
+
+ public:
+    enum capability {
+        hash, call, str, getattr, setattr, compare, repr,
+
+        mapping_length, mapping_subscript, mapping_ass_subscript,
+        
+        sequence_length, sequence_item, sequence_ass_item,
+        sequence_concat, sequence_repeat, sequence_slice, sequence_ass_slice,
+        
+        number_add, number_subtract, number_multiply, number_divide,
+        number_remainder, number_divmod, number_power, number_negative,
+        number_positive, number_absolute, number_nonzero, number_invert,
+        number_lshift, number_rshift, number_and, number_xor, number_or,
+        number_coerce, number_int, number_long, number_float, number_oct,
+        number_hex
+    };
+    
+    void enable(capability);
+    
+    //
+    // type behaviors
+    //
+ public: // Callbacks for basic type functionality.
+    virtual PyObject* instance_repr(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual int instance_compare(PyObject*, PyObject* other) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_str(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual long instance_hash(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_call(PyObject* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* kw) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_getattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name) const;
+    virtual int instance_setattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name, PyObject* value) const;
+
+    // Dealloc is a special case, since every type needs a nonzero tp_dealloc slot.
+    virtual void instance_dealloc(PyObject*) const = 0;
+
+ public: // Callbacks for mapping methods
+    virtual int instance_mapping_length(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_mapping_subscript(PyObject*, PyObject*) const ;
+    virtual int instance_mapping_ass_subscript(PyObject*, PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+
+ public: // Callbacks for sequence methods
+    virtual int instance_sequence_length(PyObject* obj) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_sequence_concat(PyObject* obj, PyObject* other) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_sequence_repeat(PyObject* obj, int n) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_sequence_item(PyObject* obj, int n) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_sequence_slice(PyObject* obj, int start, int finish) const;
+    virtual int instance_sequence_ass_item(PyObject* obj, int n, PyObject* value) const;
+    virtual int instance_sequence_ass_slice(PyObject* obj, int start, int finish, PyObject* value) const;
+    
+ public: // Callbacks for number methods
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_add(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_subtract(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_multiply(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_divide(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_remainder(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_divmod(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_power(PyObject*, PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_negative(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_positive(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_absolute(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual int instance_number_nonzero(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_invert(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_lshift(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_rshift(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_and(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_xor(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_or(PyObject*, PyObject*) const;
+    virtual int instance_number_coerce(PyObject*, PyObject**, PyObject**) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_int(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_long(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_float(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_oct(PyObject*) const;
+    virtual PyObject* instance_number_hex(PyObject*) const;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+class type_object : public type_object_base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef T instance;
+
+    type_object(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name)
+        : type_object_base(type_type)
+    {
+        assert(name != 0);
+        this->tp_name = const_cast<char*>(name);
+    }
+
+    type_object(PyTypeObject* type_type)
+        : type_object_base(type_type)
+    {
+        this->tp_name = const_cast<char*>(typeid(instance).name());
+    }
+
+ private: // Overridable behaviors.
+    // Called when the reference count goes to zero. The default implementation
+    // is "delete p". If you have not allocated your object with operator new or
+    // you have other constraints, you'll need to override this
+    virtual void dealloc(T* p) const;
+    
+ private: // Implementation of type_object_base hooks. Do not reimplement in derived classes.
+    void instance_dealloc(PyObject*) const;
+};
+
+//
+// type objects
+//
+template <class Base>
+class callable : public Base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef callable properties; // Convenience for derived class construction
+    typedef typename Base::instance instance;
+    callable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name);
+    callable(PyTypeObject* type_type);
+ private:
+    PyObject* instance_call(PyObject* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* kw) const;
+};
+
+template <class Base>
+class getattrable : public Base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef getattrable properties; // Convenience for derived class construction
+    typedef typename Base::instance instance;
+    getattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name);
+    getattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type);
+ private:
+    PyObject* instance_getattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name) const;
+};
+
+template <class Base>
+class setattrable : public Base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef setattrable properties; // Convenience for derived class construction
+    typedef typename Base::instance instance;
+    setattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name);
+    setattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type);
+ private:
+    int instance_setattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name, PyObject* value) const;
+};
+
+template <class Base>
+class reprable : public Base
+{
+ public:
+    typedef reprable properties; // Convenience for derived class construction
+    typedef typename Base::instance instance;
+    reprable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name);
+    reprable(PyTypeObject* type_type);
+ private:
+    PyObject* instance_repr(PyObject* obj) const;
+};
+
+//
+// Member function definitions
+//
+
+// type_object<>
+template <class T>
+void type_object<T>::instance_dealloc(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    this->dealloc(downcast<instance>(obj).get());
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void type_object<T>::dealloc(T* obj) const
+{
+    delete obj;
+}
+
+// callable
+template <class Base>
+callable<Base>::callable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name)
+    : Base(type_type, name)
+{
+    this->enable(call);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+callable<Base>::callable(PyTypeObject* type_type)
+    : Base(type_type)
+{
+    this->enable(call);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+PyObject* callable<Base>::instance_call(PyObject* obj, PyObject* args, PyObject* kw) const
+{
+    return downcast<instance>(obj)->call(args, kw);
+}
+
+// getattrable
+template <class Base>
+getattrable<Base>::getattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name)
+    : Base(type_type, name)
+{
+    this->enable(getattr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+getattrable<Base>::getattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type)
+    : Base(type_type)
+{
+    this->enable(getattr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+PyObject* getattrable<Base>::instance_getattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name) const
+{
+    return downcast<instance>(obj)->getattr(name);
+}
+
+// setattrable
+template <class Base>
+setattrable<Base>::setattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name)
+    : Base(type_type, name)
+{
+    this->enable(setattr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+setattrable<Base>::setattrable(PyTypeObject* type_type)
+    : Base(type_type)
+{
+    this->enable(setattr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+int setattrable<Base>::instance_setattr(PyObject* obj, const char* name, PyObject* value) const
+{
+    return downcast<instance>(obj)->setattr(name, value);
+}
+
+// reprable
+template <class Base>
+reprable<Base>::reprable(PyTypeObject* type_type, const char* name)
+    : Base(type_type, name)
+{
+    this->enable(repr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+reprable<Base>::reprable(PyTypeObject* type_type)
+    : Base(type_type)
+{
+    this->enable(repr);
+}
+        
+template <class Base>
+PyObject* reprable<Base>::instance_repr(PyObject* obj) const
+{
+    return downcast<instance>(obj)->repr();
+}
+
+  // Helper class for optimized allocation of PODs: If two PODs
+  // happen to contain identical byte patterns, they may share their
+  // memory. Reference counting is used to free unused memory. 
+  // This is useful because method tables of related extension classes tend
+  // to be identical, so less memory is needed for them.
+  class shared_pod_manager
+  {
+      typedef std::pair<char*, std::size_t> holder;
+      typedef std::vector<holder> storage;
+        
+   public:
+      static shared_pod_manager& obj();
+      ~shared_pod_manager();
+
+      // Allocate memory for POD T and fill it with zeros.
+      // This memory is initially not shared.
+      template <class T>
+      static void create(T*& t)
+      {
+          t = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj().create(sizeof(T)));
+      }
+
+      // Decrement the refcount for the memory t points to. If the count 
+      // goes to zero, the memory is freed.
+      template <class T>
+      static void dispose(T* t)
+      {
+          obj().dec_ref(t, sizeof(T));
+      }
+
+      // Attempt to share the memory t points to. If memory with the same 
+      // contents already exists, t is replaced by a pointer to this memory,
+      // and t's old memory is disposed. Otherwise, t will be registered for
+      // potential future sharing.
+      template <class T>
+      static void replace_if_equal(T*& t)
+      {
+          t = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj().replace_if_equal(t, sizeof(T)));
+      }
+
+      // Create a copy of t's memory that is guaranteed to be private to t.
+      // Afterwards t points to the new memory, unless it was already private, in
+      // which case there is no change (except that t's memory will no longer
+      // be considered for future sharing - see raplade_if_equal())
+      // This function *must* be called before the contents of (*t) can
+      // be overwritten. Otherwise, inconsistencies and crashes may result.
+      template <class T>
+      static void make_unique_copy(T*& t)
+      {
+          t = reinterpret_cast<T*>(obj().make_unique_copy(t, sizeof(T)));
+      }
+
+   private:
+      void* replace_if_equal(void* pod, std::size_t size);
+      void* make_unique_copy(void* pod, std::size_t size);
+      void* create(std::size_t size);
+      void dec_ref(void* pod, std::size_t size);
+      void erase_from_list(void* pod);
+        
+      struct compare;
+      struct identical;
+
+   private:
+      shared_pod_manager() {} // instance
+
+#ifdef TYPE_OBJECT_BASE_STANDALONE_TEST
+   public:
+#endif
+      storage m_storage;
+  };
+
+
+  void add_capability(type_object_base::capability capability, 
+                      PyTypeObject* dest);
+
+// This macro gets the length of an array as a compile-time constant, and will
+// fail to compile if the parameter is a pointer.
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__ // smart implementation doesn't work for borland; maybe someone knows a workaround?
+# define PY_ARRAY_LENGTH(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof((a)[0]))
+#else
+# define PY_ARRAY_LENGTH(a) \
+        (sizeof(::boost::python::detail::countof_validate(a, &(a))) ? sizeof(a) / sizeof((a)[0]) : 0)
+#endif
+
+  template<typename T>
+  inline void countof_validate(T* const, T* const*);
+
+  template<typename T>
+  inline int countof_validate(const void*, T);
+
+}}} // namespace boost::python::detail
+
+#endif // TYPES_DWA051800_H_

include/boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+//  This file serves as a wrapper around <Python.h> which allows it to be
+//  compiled with GCC 2.95.2 under Win32 and which disables the default MSVC
+//  behavior so that a program may be compiled in debug mode without requiring a
+//  special debugging build of the Python library.
+
+
+//  To use the Python debugging library, #define BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON on the
+//  compiler command-line.
+
+// Revision History:
+// 05 Mar 01  Suppress warnings under Cygwin with Python 2.0 (Dave Abrahams)
+// 04 Mar 01  Rolled in some changes from the Dragon fork (Dave Abrahams)
+// 01 Mar 01  define PyObject_INIT() for Python 1.x (Dave Abrahams)
+
+
+#include <patchlevel.h>
+
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+# ifndef BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON
+#  undef _DEBUG // Don't let Python force the debug library just because we're debugging.
+#  define DEBUG_UNDEFINED_FROM_WRAP_PYTHON_H
+# endif
+#endif
+
+//
+// Some things we need in order to get Python.h to work with compilers other
+// than MSVC on Win32
+//
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+# ifdef __GNUC__
+
+typedef int pid_t;
+#  define WORD_BIT 32
+#  define hypot _hypot
+#  include <stdio.h>
+#  if !defined(PY_MAJOR_VERSION) || PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 2
+#   define HAVE_CLOCK
+#   define HAVE_STRFTIME
+#   define HAVE_STRERROR
+#  endif
+#  define NT_THREADS
+#  define WITH_THREAD
+#  ifndef NETSCAPE_PI
+#   define USE_SOCKET
+#  endif
+
+#  ifdef USE_DL_IMPORT
+#   define DL_IMPORT(RTYPE) __declspec(dllimport) RTYPE
+#  endif
+
+#  ifdef USE_DL_EXPORT
+#   define DL_IMPORT(RTYPE) __declspec(dllexport) RTYPE
+#   define DL_EXPORT(RTYPE) __declspec(dllexport) RTYPE
+#  endif
+
+#  define HAVE_LONG_LONG 1
+#  define LONG_LONG long long
+
+# elif defined(__MWERKS__)
+
+#  ifndef _MSC_VER
+#   define PY_MSC_VER_DEFINED_FROM_WRAP_PYTHON_H 1
+#   define _MSC_VER 900
+#  endif
+
+# elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#  include <limits> // prevents Python.h from defining LONGLONG_MAX, LONGLONG_MIN, and ULONGLONG_MAX
+# endif
+
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+#include <Python.h>
+
+#ifdef PY_MSC_VER_DEFINED_FROM_WRAP_PYTHON_H
+# undef _MSC_VER
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_UNDEFINED_FROM_WRAP_PYTHON_H
+# undef DEBUG_UNDEFINED_FROM_WRAP_PYTHON_H
+# define _DEBUG
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(PY_MAJOR_VERSION) || PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 2
+# define PyObject_INIT(op, typeobj) \
+	( (op)->ob_type = (typeobj), _Py_NewReference((PyObject *)(op)), (op) )
+#endif

include/boost/python/errors.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef ERRORS_DWA052500_H_
+# define ERRORS_DWA052500_H_
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+struct error_already_set {};
+struct argument_error : error_already_set {};
+
+// Handles exceptions caught just before returning to Python code.
+void handle_exception();
+
+template <class T>
+T* expect_non_null(T* x)
+{
+    if (x == 0)
+        throw error_already_set();
+    return x;
+}
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // ERRORS_DWA052500_H_

include/boost/python/module_builder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef MODULE_DWA051000_H_
+# define MODULE_DWA051000_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/objects.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/functions.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+class module_builder
+{
+ public:
+    // Create a module. REQUIRES: only one module_builder is created per module.
+    module_builder(const char* name);
+    ~module_builder();
+
+    // Add elements to the module
+    void add(detail::function* x, const char* name);
+    void add(PyTypeObject* x, const char* name = 0);
+    void add(ref x, const char*name);
+
+    template <class Fn>
+    void def_raw(Fn fn, const char* name)
+    {
+        add(detail::new_raw_arguments_function(fn), name);
+    }
+    
+    template <class Fn>
+    void def(Fn fn, const char* name)
+    {
+        add(detail::new_wrapped_function(fn), name);
+    }
+
+    // Return true iff a module is currently being built.
+    static bool initializing();
+    
+    // Return the name of the module currently being built.
+    // REQUIRES: initializing() == true
+    static string name();
+
+    // Return a pointer to the Python module object being built
+    PyObject* module() const;
+
+ private:
+    PyObject* m_module;
+    static PyMethodDef initial_methods[1];
+};
+
+//
+// inline implementations
+//
+inline PyObject* module_builder::module() const
+{
+    return m_module;
+}
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif

include/boost/python/objects.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef OBJECTS_DWA051100_H_
+# define OBJECTS_DWA051100_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
+# include "boost/operators.hpp"
+# include <utility>
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+class object
+{
+ public:
+    explicit object(ref p);
+    
+    // Return a reference to the held object
+    ref reference() const;
+
+    // Return a raw pointer to the held object
+    PyObject* get() const;
+    
+ private:
+    ref m_p;
+};
+
+class tuple : public object
+{
+ public:
+    explicit tuple(std::size_t n = 0);
+    explicit tuple(ref p);
+
+    template <class First, class Second>
+    tuple(const std::pair<First,Second>& x)
+        : object(ref(PyTuple_New(2)))
+    {
+        set_item(0, x.first);
+        set_item(1, x.second);
+    }
+    
+    template <class First, class Second>
+    tuple(const First& first, const Second& second)
+        : object(ref(PyTuple_New(2)))
+    {
+        set_item(0, first);
+        set_item(1, second);
+    }
+    
+    template <class First, class Second, class Third>
+    tuple(const First& first, const Second& second, const Third& third)
+        : object(ref(PyTuple_New(3)))
+    {
+        set_item(0, first);
+        set_item(1, second);
+        set_item(2, third);
+    }
+    
+    template <class First, class Second, class Third, class Fourth>
+    tuple(const First& first, const Second& second, const Third& third, const Fourth& fourth)
+        : object(ref(PyTuple_New(4)))
+    {
+        set_item(0, first);
+        set_item(1, second);
+        set_item(2, third);
+        set_item(3, fourth);
+    }
+    
+    static PyTypeObject* type_obj();
+    static bool accepts(ref p);
+    std::size_t size() const;
+    ref operator[](std::size_t pos) const;
+
+    template <class T>
+    void set_item(std::size_t pos, const T& rhs)
+    {
+        this->set_item(pos, make_ref(rhs));
+    }
+    
+    void set_item(std::size_t pos, const ref& rhs);
+    
+    tuple slice(int low, int high) const;
+
+    friend tuple operator+(const tuple&, const tuple&);
+    tuple& operator+=(const tuple& rhs);
+};
+
+class list : public object
+{
+    struct proxy;
+    struct slice_proxy;
+ public:
+    explicit list(ref p);
+    explicit list(std::size_t sz = 0);
+    static PyTypeObject* type_obj();
+    static bool accepts(ref p);
+    std::size_t size();
+    ref operator[](std::size_t pos) const;
+    proxy operator[](std::size_t pos);
+    ref get_item(std::size_t pos) const;
+
+    template <class T>
+    void set_item(std::size_t pos, const T& x)
+        { this->set_item(pos, make_ref(x)); }
+    void set_item(std::size_t pos, const ref& );
+    
+//    void set_item(std::size_t pos, const object& );
+
+    template <class T>
+    void insert(std::size_t index, const T& x)
+        { this->insert(index, make_ref(x)); }
+    void insert(std::size_t index, const ref& item);
+
+    template <class T>
+    void push_back(const T& item)
+        { this->push_back(make_ref(item)); }
+    void push_back(const ref& item);
+    
+    template <class T>
+    void append(const T& item)
+        { this->append(make_ref(item)); }
+    void append(const ref& item);
+    
+    list slice(int low, int high) const;
+    slice_proxy slice(int low, int high);
+    void sort();
+    void reverse();
+    tuple as_tuple() const;
+};
+
+class string
+    : public object, public boost::multipliable2<string, unsigned int>
+{
+ public:
+    // Construct from an owned PyObject*.
+    // Precondition: p must point to a python string.
+    explicit string(ref p);
+    explicit string(const char* s);
+    string(const char* s, std::size_t length);
+    string(const string& rhs);
+
+    enum interned_t { interned };
+    string(const char* s, interned_t);
+    
+    // Get the type object for Strings
+    static PyTypeObject* type_obj();
+
+    // Return true if the given object is a python string
+    static bool accepts(ref o);
+
+    // Return the length of the string.
+    std::size_t size() const;
+
+    // Returns a null-terminated representation of the contents of string.
+    // The pointer refers to the internal buffer of string, not a copy.
+    // The data must not be modified in any way. It must not be de-allocated. 
+    const char* c_str() const;
+
+    string& operator*=(unsigned int repeat_count);
+    string& operator+=(const string& rhs);
+    friend string operator+(string x, string y);
+    string& operator+=(const char* rhs);
+    friend string operator+(string x, const char* y);
+    friend string operator+(const char* x, string y);
+
+    void intern();
+
+    friend string operator%(const string& format, const tuple& args);
+};
+
+class dictionary : public object
+{
+ private:
+    struct proxy;
+    
+ public:
+    explicit dictionary(ref p);
+    dictionary();
+    void clear();
+
+    static PyTypeObject* type_obj();
+    static bool accepts(ref p);
+    
+ public:
+    template <class Key>
+    proxy operator[](const Key& key)
+        { return this->operator[](make_ref(key)); }
+    proxy operator[](ref key);
+    
+    template <class Key>
+    ref operator[](const Key& key) const
+        { return this->operator[](make_ref(key)); }
+    ref operator[](ref key) const;
+
+    template <class Key>
+    ref get_item(const Key& key) const
+        { return this->get_item(make_ref(key)); }
+    ref get_item(const ref& key) const;
+    
+    template <class Key, class Default>
+    ref get_item(const Key& key, const Default& default_) const
+        { return this->get_item(make_ref(key), make_ref(default_)); }
+    ref get_item(const ref& key, const ref& default_) const;
+    
+    template <class Key, class Value>
+    void set_item(const Key& key, const Value& value)
+        { this->set_item(make_ref(key), make_ref(value)); }
+    void set_item(const ref& key, const ref& value);
+
+    template <class Key>
+    void erase(const Key& key)
+        { this->erase(make_ref(key)); }
+    void erase(ref key);
+
+//    proxy operator[](const object& key);
+//    ref operator[](const object& key) const;
+
+//    ref get_item(const object& key, ref default_ = ref()) const;
+//    void set_item(const object& key, const ref& value);
+        
+//    void erase(const object& key);
+
+    list items() const;
+    list keys() const;
+    list values() const;
+
+    std::size_t size() const;
+    // TODO: iterator support
+};
+
+struct dictionary::proxy
+{
+    template <class T>
+    const ref& operator=(const T& rhs)
+        { return (*this) = make_ref(rhs); }
+    const ref& operator=(const ref& rhs);
+
+    operator ref() const;
+ private:
+    friend class dictionary;
+    proxy(const ref& dict, const ref& key);
+
+    // This is needed to work around the very strange MSVC error report that the
+    // return type of the built-in operator= differs from that of the ones
+    // defined above. Couldn't hurt to make these un-assignable anyway, though.
+    const ref& operator=(const proxy&); // Not actually implemented
+ private:
+    ref m_dict;
+    ref m_key;
+};
+
+struct list::proxy
+{
+    template <class T>
+    const ref& operator=(const T& rhs)
+        { return (*this) = make_ref(rhs); }
+    const ref& operator=(const ref& rhs);
+    
+    operator ref() const;
+    
+ private:
+    friend class list;
+    proxy(const ref& list, std::size_t index);
+    
+    // This is needed to work around the very strange MSVC error report that the
+    // return type of the built-in operator= differs from that of the ones
+    // defined above. Couldn't hurt to make these un-assignable anyway, though.
+    const ref& operator=(const proxy&); // Not actually implemented
+ private:
+    list m_list;
+    std::size_t m_index;
+};
+
+struct list::slice_proxy
+{
+    const list& operator=(const list& rhs);
+    operator ref() const;
+    operator list() const;
+    std::size_t size();
+    ref operator[](std::size_t pos) const;
+ private:
+    friend class list;
+    slice_proxy(const ref& list, int low, int high);
+ private:
+    ref m_list;
+    int m_low, m_high;
+};
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+PyObject* to_python(const boost::python::tuple&);
+boost::python::tuple from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::python::tuple>);
+
+inline boost::python::tuple from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::python::tuple&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<boost::python::tuple>());
+}
+
+PyObject* to_python(const boost::python::list&);
+boost::python::list from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::python::list>);
+
+inline boost::python::list from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::python::list&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<boost::python::list>());
+}
+
+PyObject* to_python(const boost::python::string&);
+boost::python::string from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::python::string>);
+
+inline boost::python::string from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::python::string&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<boost::python::string>());
+}
+
+PyObject* to_python(const boost::python::dictionary&);
+boost::python::dictionary from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<boost::python::dictionary>);
+
+inline boost::python::dictionary from_python(PyObject* p, boost::python::type<const boost::python::dictionary&>)
+{
+    return from_python(p, boost::python::type<boost::python::dictionary>());
+}
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // OBJECTS_DWA051100_H_

include/boost/python/operators.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+//  (C) Copyright Ullrich Koethe and David Abrahams 2000-2001. Permission to
+//  copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software is granted provided
+//  this copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as
+//  is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
+//  suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The authors gratefully acknowlege the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+//
+//  Revision History:
+//  23 Jan 2001 - Another stupid typo fix by Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve (David Abrahams)
+//  20 Jan 2001 - Added a fix from Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve (David Abrahams)
+#ifndef OPERATORS_UK112000_H_
+#define OPERATORS_UK112000_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/functions.hpp>
+
+// When STLport is used with native streams, _STL::ostringstream().str() is not
+// _STL::string, but std::string. This confuses to_python(), so we'll use
+// strstream instead. Also, GCC 2.95.2 doesn't have sstream.
+# if defined(__SGI_STL_PORT) ? defined(__SGI_STL_OWN_IOSTREAMS) : (!defined(__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ > 2)
+#  define BOOST_PYTHON_USE_SSTREAM
+# endif
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PYTHON_USE_SSTREAM)
+#  include <sstream>
+# else
+#  include <strstream>
+# endif
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+tuple standard_coerce(ref l, ref r);
+
+namespace detail {
+  
+  // helper class for automatic operand type detection
+  // during operator wrapping.
+  struct auto_operand {};
+}
+
+// Define operator ids that can be or'ed together
+// (boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub | boost::python::op_mul).
+// This allows to wrap several operators in one line.
+enum operator_id
+{ 
+    op_add = 0x1, 
+    op_sub = 0x2, 
+    op_mul = 0x4, 
+    op_div = 0x8, 
+    op_mod = 0x10, 
+    op_divmod =0x20, 
+    op_pow = 0x40, 
+    op_lshift = 0x80, 
+    op_rshift = 0x100, 
+    op_and = 0x200, 
+    op_xor = 0x400, 
+    op_or = 0x800, 
+    op_neg = 0x1000, 
+    op_pos = 0x2000, 
+    op_abs = 0x4000, 
+    op_invert = 0x8000, 
+    op_int = 0x10000, 
+    op_long = 0x20000, 
+    op_float = 0x40000, 
+    op_str = 0x80000,
+    op_cmp = 0x100000 
+};
+
+// Wrap the operators given by "which". Usage:
+//   foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>());
+template <long which, class operand = boost::python::detail::auto_operand>
+struct operators {};
+
+// Wrap heterogeneous operators with given left operand type. Usage:
+//   foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>(),
+//                 boost::python::left_operand<int>());
+template <class T>
+struct left_operand {};
+
+// Wrap heterogeneous operators with given right operand type. Usage:
+//   foo_class.def(boost::python::operators<(boost::python::op_add | boost::python::op_sub)>(),
+//                 boost::python::right_operand<int>());
+template <class T>
+struct right_operand {};
+
+namespace detail
+{
+  template <class Specified>
+  struct operand_select
+  {
+      template <class wrapped_type>
+      struct wrapped
+      {
+          typedef Specified type;
+      };
+  };
+
+  template <>
+  struct operand_select<auto_operand>
+  {
+      template <class wrapped_type>
+      struct wrapped
+      {
+          typedef const wrapped_type& type;
+      };
+  };
+
+  template <long> struct define_operator;
+
+  // Base class which grants access to extension_class_base::add_method() to its derived classes
+  struct add_operator_base
+  {
+   protected:
+      static inline void add_method(extension_class_base* target, function* method, const char* name)
+          { target->add_method(method, name); }
+  };
+
+//
+// choose_op, choose_unary_op, and choose_rop
+//
+// These templates use "poor man's partial specialization" to generate the
+// appropriate add_method() call (if any) for a given operator and argument set.
+//
+//  Usage:
+//      choose_op<(which & op_add)>::template args<left_t,right_t>::add(ext_class);
+// 
+// (see extension_class<>::def_operators() for more examples).
+//
+  template <long op_selector>
+  struct choose_op
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct args : add_operator_base
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base* target)
+          {
+              typedef define_operator<op_selector> def_op;
+              add_method(target,
+                         new typename def_op::template operator_function<Left, Right>(),
+                         def_op::name());
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+
+  // specialization for 0 has no effect
+  template <>
+  struct choose_op<0>
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct args
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base*)
+          {
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+  
+  template <long op_selector>
+  struct choose_unary_op
+  {
+      template <class Operand>
+      struct args : add_operator_base
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base* target)
+          {
+              typedef define_operator<op_selector> def_op;
+              add_method(target,
+                         new typename def_op::template operator_function<Operand>(),
+                         def_op::name());
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+  
+  // specialization for 0 has no effect
+  template <>
+  struct choose_unary_op<0>
+  {
+      template <class Operand>
+      struct args
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base*)
+          {
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+  
+  template <long op_selector>
+  struct choose_rop
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct args : add_operator_base
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base* target)
+          {
+              typedef define_operator<op_selector> def_op;
+              add_method(target,
+                         new typename def_op::template roperator_function<Right, Left>(),
+                         def_op::rname());
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+  
+  // specialization for 0 has no effect
+  template <>
+  struct choose_rop<0>
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct args
+      {
+          static inline void add(extension_class_base*)
+          {
+          }
+
+      };
+  };
+
+
+// Fully specialize define_operator for all operators defined in operator_id above.
+// Every specialization defines one function object for normal operator calls and one
+// for operator calls with operands reversed ("__r*__" function variants).
+// Specializations for most operators follow a standard pattern: execute the expression
+// that uses the operator in question. This standard pattern is realized by the following 
+// macros so that the actual specialization can be done by just calling a macro.
+#define PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(id, oper)                                            \
+  template <>                                                                           \
+  struct define_operator<op_##id>                                                       \
+  {                                                                                     \
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>                                         \
+      struct operator_function : function                                               \
+      {                                                                                 \
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const        \
+          {                                                                             \
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));                                 \
+                                                                                        \
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(                                          \
+                  BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) oper      \
+                  BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()));        \
+          }                                                                             \
+                                                                                        \
+          const char* description() const                                               \
+              { return "__" #id "__"; }                                                 \
+      };                                                                                \
+                                                                                        \
+      template <class Right, class Left>                                                \
+      struct roperator_function : function                                              \
+      {                                                                                 \
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const        \
+          {                                                                             \
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));                                 \
+                                                                                        \
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(                                          \
+                  BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) oper      \
+                  BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()));        \
+          }                                                                             \
+                                                                                        \
+          const char* description() const                                               \
+              { return "__r" #id "__"; }                                                \
+                                                                                        \
+      };                                                                                \
+                                                                                        \
+      static const char * name() { return "__" #id "__"; }                              \
+      static const char * rname() { return "__r" #id "__"; }                            \
+  }
+
+#define PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(id, oper) \
+  template <>                                                                                   \
+  struct define_operator<op_##id>                                                               \
+  {                                                                                             \
+      template <class operand>                                                                  \
+      struct operator_function : function                                                       \
+      {                                                                                         \
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const                \
+          {                                                                                     \
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));                                         \
+                                                                                                \
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(                                                  \
+                  oper(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<operand>())));        \
+          }                                                                                     \
+                                                                                                \
+          const char* description() const                                                       \
+              { return "__" #id "__"; }                                                         \
+      };                                                                                        \
+                                                                                                \
+      static const char * name() { return "__" #id "__"; }                                      \
+  }
+
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(add, +);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(sub, -);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(mul, *);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(div, /);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(mod, %);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(lshift, <<);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(rshift, >>);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(and, &);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(xor, ^);
+  PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS(or, |);
+
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(neg, -);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(pos, +);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(abs, abs);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(invert, ~);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(int, long);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(long, PyLong_FromLong);
+  PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS(float, double);
+
+#undef PY_DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATORS
+#undef PY_DEFINE_UNARY_OPERATORS
+
+// Some operators need special treatment, e.g. because there is no corresponding 
+// expression in C++. These are specialized manually.
+
+// pow(): Manual specialization needed because an error message is required if this 
+// function is called with three arguments. The "power modulo" operator is not  
+// supported by define_operator, but can be wrapped manually (see special.html).
+  template <>
+  struct define_operator<op_pow>
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct operator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+
+              if (args.size() == 3 && args[2]->ob_type != Py_None->ob_type)
+              {
+                  PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "expected 2 arguments, got 3");
+                  throw argument_error();
+              }
+
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                  pow(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()),
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()))); 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__pow__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      template <class Right, class Left>
+      struct roperator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+
+              if (args.size() == 3 && args[2]->ob_type != Py_None->ob_type)
+              {
+                  PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bad operand type(s) for pow()");
+                  throw argument_error();
+              }
+
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                  pow(BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()),
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()))); 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__rpow__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      static const char * name() { return "__pow__"; }
+      static const char * rname() { return "__rpow__"; }
+  };
+
+// divmod(): Manual specialization needed because we must actually call two operators and
+// return a tuple containing both results
+  template <>
+  struct define_operator<op_divmod>
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct operator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+              PyObject * res = PyTuple_New(2);
+
+              PyTuple_SET_ITEM(res, 0,
+                BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) /
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()))); 
+              PyTuple_SET_ITEM(res, 1,
+                BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) %
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>())));
+
+              return res; 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__divmod__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      template <class Right, class Left>
+      struct roperator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+              PyObject * res = PyTuple_New(2);
+
+              PyTuple_SET_ITEM(res, 0,
+                BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) /
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()))); 
+              PyTuple_SET_ITEM(res, 1,
+                BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) %
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>())));
+
+              return res; 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__rdivmod__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      static const char * name() { return "__divmod__"; }
+      static const char * rname() { return "__rdivmod__"; }
+  };
+
+// cmp(): Manual specialization needed because there is no three-way compare in C++.
+// It is implemented by two one-way comparisons with operators reversed in the second.
+  template <>
+  struct define_operator<op_cmp>
+  {
+      template <class Left, class Right = Left>
+      struct operator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                  (BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) <
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>())) ?
+                       - 1 :
+                       (BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()) <
+                       BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Left>())) ?
+                           1 :
+                           0) ; 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__cmp__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      template <class Right, class Left>
+      struct roperator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject* /* keywords */) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(
+                  (BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>()) <
+                   BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>())) ?
+                       - 1 :
+                       (BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<Right>()) <
+                       BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[1].get(), boost::python::type<Left>())) ?
+                           1 :
+                           0) ; 
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__rcmp__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      static const char * name() { return "__cmp__"; }
+      static const char * rname() { return "__rcmp__"; }
+  };
+
+# ifndef BOOST_PYTHON_USE_SSTREAM
+  class unfreezer {
+   public:
+      unfreezer(std::ostrstream& s) : m_stream(s) {}
+      ~unfreezer() { m_stream.freeze(false); }
+   private:
+      std::ostrstream& m_stream;
+  };
+# endif
+  
+// str(): Manual specialization needed because the string conversion does not follow
+// the standard pattern relized by the macros.
+  template <>
+  struct define_operator<op_str>
+  {
+      template <class operand>
+      struct operator_function : function
+      {
+          PyObject* do_call(PyObject* arguments, PyObject*) const
+          { 
+              tuple args(ref(arguments, ref::increment_count));
+
+// When STLport is used with native streams, _STL::ostringstream().str() is not
+// _STL::string, but std::string.
+# ifdef BOOST_PYTHON_USE_SSTREAM
+              std::ostringstream s;
+              s << BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<operand>());
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(s.str()); 
+# else
+              std::ostrstream s;
+              s << BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::from_python(args[0].get(), boost::python::type<operand>()) << char();
+              auto unfreezer unfreeze(s);
+              return BOOST_PYTHON_CONVERSION::to_python(const_cast<char const *>(s.str())); 
+# endif
+          }
+
+          const char* description() const
+              { return "__str__"; }
+
+      };
+
+      static const char * name() { return "__str__"; }
+  };
+
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+# undef BOOST_PYTHON_USE_SSTREAM
+#endif /* OPERATORS_UK112000_H_ */

include/boost/python/reference.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+//  (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
+//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
+//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
+//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
+//
+//  The author gratefully acknowleges the support of Dragon Systems, Inc., in
+//  producing this work.
+
+#ifndef PYPTR_DWA050400_H_
+# define PYPTR_DWA050400_H_
+
+# include <boost/python/detail/config.hpp>
+# include <boost/operators.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/detail/cast.hpp>
+# include <cassert>
+# include <boost/python/detail/signatures.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/errors.hpp>
+# include <boost/python/conversions.hpp>
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_BEGIN_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+template <class T, class Value, class Base>
+struct py_ptr_conversions : Base
+{
+    inline friend T from_python(PyObject* x, boost::python::type<const T&>)
+        { return T(boost::python::downcast<Value>(x).get(), T::increment_count); }
+
+    inline friend T from_python(PyObject* x, boost::python::type<T>)
+        { return T(boost::python::downcast<Value>(x).get(), T::increment_count); }
+    
+    inline friend PyObject* to_python(T x)
+        { return boost::python::as_object(x.release()); }
+    
+};
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_END_CONVERSION_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace boost { namespace python {
+
+BOOST_PYTHON_IMPORT_CONVERSION(py_ptr_conversions);
+
+template <class T>
+class reference
+	: public py_ptr_conversions<reference<T>, T,
+       boost::dereferenceable<reference<T>, T*> > // supplies op->
+{
+public:
+    typedef T value_type;
+    
+	reference(const reference& rhs)
+		: m_p(rhs.m_p)
+	{
+		Py_XINCREF(object());
+	}
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER)
+	template <class T2>
+	reference(const reference<T2>& rhs)
+		: m_p(rhs.object())
+	{
+		Py_XINCREF(object());
+	}
+#endif
+
+	reference() : m_p(0) {}
+    
+    // These are two ways of spelling the same thing, that we need to increment
+    // the reference count on the pointer when we're initialized.
+	enum increment_count_t { increment_count };
+
+    enum allow_null { null_ok };
+    
+    template <class T2>
+    explicit reference(T2* x)
+        : m_p(expect_non_null(x)) {}
+
+    template <class T2>
+    reference(T2* x, increment_count_t)
+        : m_p(expect_non_null(x)) { Py_INCREF(object()); }
+	
+    template <class T2>
+    reference(T2* x, allow_null)
+        : m_p(x) {}
+
+    template <class T2>
+    reference(T2* x, allow_null, increment_count_t)
+        : m_p(x) { Py_XINCREF(object()); }
+	
+    template <class T2>
+    reference(T2* x, increment_count_t, allow_null)
+        : m_p(x) { Py_XINCREF(object()); }
+	
+#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC6_OR_EARLIER)
+	template <class T2>
+	reference& operator=(const reference<T2>& rhs)
+	{
+		Py_XDECREF(object());
+		m_p = rhs.m_p;
+		Py_XINCREF(object());
+		return *this;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	reference& operator=(const reference& rhs)
+	{
+		Py_XINCREF(static_cast<PyObject*>(rhs.m_p));
+		Py_XDECREF(object());
+		m_p = rhs.m_p;
+		return *this;
+	}
+    
+	~reference()
+	{
+		Py_XDECREF(m_p);
+	}
+	
+	T& operator*() const { return *m_p; }
+    
+	T* get() const { return m_p; }
+
+	T* release()
+	{
+		T* p = m_p;
+		m_p = 0;
+		return p;
+	}
+
+    void reset()
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = 0; }
+    
+    template <class T2>
+    void reset(T2* x)
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = expect_non_null(x);}
+
+    template <class T2>
+    void reset(T2* x, increment_count_t)
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = expect_non_null(x); Py_INCREF(object()); }
+	
+    template <class T2>
+    void reset(T2* x, allow_null)
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = x;}
+
+    template <class T2>
+    void reset(T2* x, allow_null, increment_count_t)
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = x; Py_XINCREF(object()); }
+	
+    template <class T2>
+    void reset(T2* x, increment_count_t, allow_null)
+        { Py_XDECREF(m_p); m_p = x; Py_XINCREF(object()); }
+	
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATE_FRIENDS)
+private:
+    template<typename Y> friend class shared_ptr;
+#endif
+
+    inline PyObject* object() const
+        { return as_object(m_p); }
+
+	T* m_p;
+};
+
+typedef reference<PyObject> ref;
+
+template <class T>
+ref make_ref(const T& x)
+{
+    return ref(to_python(x));
+}
+
+}} // namespace boost::python
+
+#endif // PYPTR_DWA050400_H_

libs/python/Makefile

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-all: lib test
-
-
-lib::
-	@cd src ; $(MAKE) lib ; cd ..
-
-test::
-	@cd test ; $(MAKE) test ; cd ..
-
-install: all
-	@cd src ; $(MAKE) install ; cd ..
-
-clean:
-	@cd src ; $(MAKE) clean ; cd ..
-	@cd test ; $(MAKE) clean ; cd ..

libs/python/README

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-To build using g++:
-===================
-
-> setenv CXX g++ 
->
-> ./configure \
-    --with-pythoninc=/usr/local/include/python1.5 \ 
-    --with-extra-includes=/usr/local/STLport
->
-> make install
-   
-where 
-    --with-pythoninc: the directory where 'Python.h' lives
-    --with-extra-includes: the directory where STLport includes 
-        or the 'limits' header are
-        
-
-To build using another compiler:
-================================
-
-> setenv CXX CC  # your compiler
->
-> ./configure \
-    --with-pythoninc=/usr/local/include/python1.5 \ 
-    --with-shared-cxx-linker="$CXX -G" \
-    --with-position-independent-code-flag=-pic
->
-> make install
-    
-where 
-    --with-pythoninc: as above
-    --with-shared-cxx-linker: command to build a shared library from C++
-            object files (needed for Python modules)
-    --with-position-independent-code-flag: flag that tells the compiler 
-            to create position independent code (needed for shared linking)
-
-        
-more options:
-=============
-
-> ./configure --help
-
-of particular interest are:
-
-  --libdir: the install directory for 'libboostpython.a'
-  --with-shared-library-extension: the file extension for shared libraries  
-  --with-extra-libs: link modules against these extra libs 
-                     (on CYGWIN, you need to link against python15.lib)
-
-For most options, configure provides reasonable defaults, given in brackets.
-In particular, it is able to guess the right settings for shared library 
-creation and linking on some common systems. Likewise, it tries to find Python
-in some standard directories if you don't specify a path explicitly.

libs/python/build/Makefile.in

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-CXXINCLUDES = @CXXINCLUDES@
-SCXXFLAGS = @SCXXFLAGS@ 
-CXX = @CXX@
-CXX_SHARED_LINKER = @CXX_SHARED_LINKER@
-
-prefix = @prefix@
-exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
-TARGET_LIBDIR = @libdir@
-TARGET_LIBNAME = boostpython
-TARGET_LIBFILENAME = lib$(TARGET_LIBNAME).a
-MODULE_EXTENSION = @shared_library_extension@
-LIBS = @LIBS@
-
-%.o: %.cpp
-	$(CXX) $(SCXXFLAGS) $(CXXINCLUDES) -c $*.cpp
-
-%.d: %.cpp
-	@echo creating $@
-	@set -e; $(CXX) -M $(SCXXFLAGS) $(CXXINCLUDES) -c $*.cpp \
-            | sed 's/\($*\)\.o[ :]*/\1.o $@ : /g' > $@; \
-                [ -s $@ ] || rm -f $@
-

libs/python/build/gcc.mak

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-BOOST_INLUDES = /local/boost/boost
-PYTHON_INCLUDES = /local/python/include/python1.5
-USER_INCLUDES = /local/include
-LIBDIR = ../../../lib
-
-
-LIBSRC = \
-    classes.cpp \
-    conversions.cpp \
-    extension_class.cpp \
-    functions.cpp \
-    init_function.cpp \
-    module_builder.cpp \
-    objects.cpp \
-    types.cpp
-
-LIBOBJ = $(LIBSRC:.cpp=.o)
-OBJ = $(LIBOBJ)
-
-ifeq "$(OS)" "Windows_NT"
-PYTHON_LIB=c:/tools/python/libs/python15.lib
-INC = -Ic:/cygnus/usr/include/g++-3 -Ic:/cygnus/usr/include -Ic:/boost -Ic:/tools/python/include
-MODULE_EXTENSION=dll
-else
-INC = -I$(USER_INCLUDES) -I$(BOOST_INLUDES) -I$(PYTHON_INCLUDES)
-MODULE_EXTENSION=so
-endif
-
-%.o: ../src/%.cpp
-	g++ -fPIC -Wall -W $(INC) -o $*.o -c $<
-        
-%.d: ../src/%.cpp
-	@echo creating $@
-	@set -e; g++ -M $(INC) -c $< \
-            | sed 's/\($*\)\.o[ :]*/\1.o $@ : /g' > $@; \
-                [ -s $@ ] || rm -f $@
-
-example1: example1.o libpycpp.a
-	g++ -shared -o ../example/hellomodule.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) $(PYHTON_LIB) example1.o -L. -lpycpp
-	python ../example/test_example1.py
-
-example1.o: ../example/example1.cpp
-	g++ -fPIC -Wall -W $(INC) -o $*.o -c $<
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf *.o *.$(MODULE_EXTENSION) *.a *.d *.pyc *.bak a.out
-

libs/python/build/install-sh

@@ -1,251 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# install - install a program, script, or datafile
-# This comes from X11R5 (mit/util/scripts/install.sh).
-#
-# Copyright 1991 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
-#
-# Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
-# documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
-# the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
-# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
-# documentation, and that the name of M.I.T. not be used in advertising or
-# publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific,
-# written prior permission.  M.I.T. makes no representations about the
-# suitability of this software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is"
-# without express or implied warranty.
-#
-# Calling this script install-sh is preferred over install.sh, to prevent
-# `make' implicit rules from creating a file called install from it
-# when there is no Makefile.
-#
-# This script is compatible with the BSD install script, but was written
-# from scratch.  It can only install one file at a time, a restriction
-# shared with many OS's install programs.
-
-
-# set DOITPROG to echo to test this script
-
-# Don't use :- since 4.3BSD and earlier shells don't like it.
-doit="${DOITPROG-}"
-
-
-# put in absolute paths if you don't have them in your path; or use env. vars.
-
-mvprog="${MVPROG-mv}"
-cpprog="${CPPROG-cp}"
-chmodprog="${CHMODPROG-chmod}"
-chownprog="${CHOWNPROG-chown}"
-chgrpprog="${CHGRPPROG-chgrp}"
-stripprog="${STRIPPROG-strip}"
-rmprog="${RMPROG-rm}"
-mkdirprog="${MKDIRPROG-mkdir}"
-
-transformbasename=""
-transform_arg=""
-instcmd="$mvprog"
-chmodcmd="$chmodprog 0755"
-chowncmd=""
-chgrpcmd=""
-stripcmd=""
-rmcmd="$rmprog -f"
-mvcmd="$mvprog"
-src=""
-dst=""
-dir_arg=""
-
-while [ x"$1" != x ]; do
-    case $1 in
-	-c) instcmd="$cpprog"
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-d) dir_arg=true
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-m) chmodcmd="$chmodprog $2"
-	    shift
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-o) chowncmd="$chownprog $2"
-	    shift
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-g) chgrpcmd="$chgrpprog $2"
-	    shift
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-s) stripcmd="$stripprog"
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-t=*) transformarg=`echo $1 | sed 's/-t=//'`
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	-b=*) transformbasename=`echo $1 | sed 's/-b=//'`
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-
-	*)  if [ x"$src" = x ]
-	    then
-		src=$1
-	    else
-		# this colon is to work around a 386BSD /bin/sh bug
-		:
-		dst=$1
-	    fi
-	    shift
-	    continue;;
-    esac
-done
-
-if [ x"$src" = x ]
-then
-	echo "install:	no input file specified"
-	exit 1
-else
-	true
-fi
-
-if [ x"$dir_arg" != x ]; then
-	dst=$src
-	src=""
-	
-	if [ -d $dst ]; then
-		instcmd=:
-		chmodcmd=""
-	else
-		instcmd=mkdir
-	fi
-else
-
-# Waiting for this to be detected by the "$instcmd $src $dsttmp" command
-# might cause directories to be created, which would be especially bad 
-# if $src (and thus $dsttmp) contains '*'.
-
-	if [ -f $src -o -d $src ]
-	then
-		true
-	else
-		echo "install:  $src does not exist"
-		exit 1
-	fi
-	
-	if [ x"$dst" = x ]
-	then
-		echo "install:	no destination specified"
-		exit 1
-	else
-		true
-	fi
-
-# If destination is a directory, append the input filename; if your system
-# does not like double slashes in filenames, you may need to add some logic
-
-	if [ -d $dst ]
-	then
-		dst="$dst"/`basename $src`
-	else
-		true
-	fi
-fi
-
-## this sed command emulates the dirname command
-dstdir=`echo $dst | sed -e 's,[^/]*$,,;s,/$,,;s,^$,.,'`
-
-# Make sure that the destination directory exists.
-#  this part is taken from Noah Friedman's mkinstalldirs script
-
-# Skip lots of stat calls in the usual case.
-if [ ! -d "$dstdir" ]; then
-defaultIFS='	
-'
-IFS="${IFS-${defaultIFS}}"
-
-oIFS="${IFS}"
-# Some sh's can't handle IFS=/ for some reason.
-IFS='%'
-set - `echo ${dstdir} | sed -e 's@/@%@g' -e 's@^%@/@'`
-IFS="${oIFS}"
-
-pathcomp=''
-
-while [ $# -ne 0 ] ; do
-	pathcomp="${pathcomp}${1}"
-	shift
-
-	if [ ! -d "${pathcomp}" ] ;
-        then
-		$mkdirprog "${pathcomp}"
-	else
-		true
-	fi
-
-	pathcomp="${pathcomp}/"
-done
-fi
-
-if [ x"$dir_arg" != x ]
-then
-	$doit $instcmd $dst &&
-
-	if [ x"$chowncmd" != x ]; then $doit $chowncmd $dst; else true ; fi &&
-	if [ x"$chgrpcmd" != x ]; then $doit $chgrpcmd $dst; else true ; fi &&
-	if [ x"$stripcmd" != x ]; then $doit $stripcmd $dst; else true ; fi &&
-	if [ x"$chmodcmd" != x ]; then $doit $chmodcmd $dst; else true ; fi
-else
-
-# If we're going to rename the final executable, determine the name now.
-
-	if [ x"$transformarg" = x ] 
-	then
-		dstfile=`basename $dst`
-	else
-		dstfile=`basename $dst $transformbasename | 
-			sed $transformarg`$transformbasename
-	fi
-
-# don't allow the sed command to completely eliminate the filename
-
-	if [ x"$dstfile" = x ] 
-	then
-		dstfile=`basename $dst`
-	else
-		true
-	fi
-
-# Make a temp file name in the proper directory.
-
-	dsttmp=$dstdir/#inst.$$#
-
-# Move or copy the file name to the temp name
-
-	$doit $instcmd $src $dsttmp &&
-
-	trap "rm -f ${dsttmp}" 0 &&
-
-# and set any options; do chmod last to preserve setuid bits
-
-# If any of these fail, we abort the whole thing.  If we want to
-# ignore errors from any of these, just make sure not to ignore
-# errors from the above "$doit $instcmd $src $dsttmp" command.
-
-	if [ x"$chowncmd" != x ]; then $doit $chowncmd $dsttmp; else true;fi &&
-	if [ x"$chgrpcmd" != x ]; then $doit $chgrpcmd $dsttmp; else true;fi &&
-	if [ x"$stripcmd" != x ]; then $doit $stripcmd $dsttmp; else true;fi &&
-	if [ x"$chmodcmd" != x ]; then $doit $chmodcmd $dsttmp; else true;fi &&
-
-# Now rename the file to the real destination.
-
-	$doit $rmcmd -f $dstdir/$dstfile &&
-	$doit $mvcmd $dsttmp $dstdir/$dstfile 
-
-fi &&
-
-
-exit 0