added test for special args to tests

Closes #503.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - { toolset: gcc-5,                        cxxstd: "11,14,1z",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:18.04', install: g++-5 }
           - { toolset: gcc-6,                        cxxstd: "11,14,1z",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:18.04', install: g++-6 }
-          - { toolset: gcc-7,                        cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-20.04, install: g++-7 }
+          - { toolset: gcc-7,                        cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: g++-7 }
           - { toolset: gcc-10,                       cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-22.04, install: g++-10 }
           - { toolset: gcc-12,                       cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b", os: ubuntu-22.04, install: g++-12 }
           - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-3.9, cxxstd: "11,14",          os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:18.04', install: clang-3.9 }
           - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-4.0, cxxstd: "11,14",          os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:18.04', install: clang-4.0 }
           - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-5.0, cxxstd: "11,14,1z",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:18.04', install: clang-5.0 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-6.0, cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-6.0 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-7,   cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-7 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-8,   cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-8 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-9,   cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-9 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-10,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-10 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-11,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-11 }
-          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-12,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-20.04, install: clang-12 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-6.0, cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: clang-6.0 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-7,   cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: clang-7 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-8,   cxxstd: "11,14,17",       os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: clang-8 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-9,   cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: clang-9 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-10,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-latest, container: 'ubuntu:20.04', install: clang-10 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-11,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-22.04, install: clang-11 }
+          - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-12,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: ubuntu-22.04, install: clang-12 }
           - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-13,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b", os: ubuntu-22.04, install: clang-13 }
           - { toolset: clang, compiler: clang++-14,  cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b", os: ubuntu-22.04, install: clang-14 }
           - { toolset: clang,                        cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a",    os: macos-13 }

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.16)
 
 project(boost_process VERSION "${BOOST_SUPERPROJECT_VERSION}" LANGUAGES CXX)
 
+option(BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS "Use std::filesystem instead of Boost.Filesystem" OFF)
+
 add_library(boost_process
         src/detail/environment_posix.cpp
         src/detail/environment_win.cpp
@@ -49,13 +51,14 @@ target_compile_definitions(boost_process
         PRIVATE BOOST_PROCESS_SOURCE=1
 )
 
-if (BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS)
-  target_compile_definitions(boost_process PUBLIC BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS=1 )
+if(BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS)
+  target_compile_definitions(boost_process PUBLIC BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS)
+  target_compile_features(boost_process PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
 else()
   target_link_libraries(boost_process PUBLIC Boost::filesystem)
 endif()
 
-if (WIN32)
+if(WIN32)
   target_link_libraries(boost_process PUBLIC ntdll shell32 advapi32 user32 ws2_32)
 endif()
 

doc/acknowledgements.adoc

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ A special thank you goes to [http://www.intra2net.com/(Intra2net AG) (especially
 
 Great thanks also goes to Boris Schaeling, who despite having boost.process rejected, went on to work on it and maintained it up until this day and participated in the development of the current version.
 
-Many Thanks, to [https://github.com/time-killer-games](Samuel Venable) for contributing the <<v2::ext>> functionality and all the research that went into it.
+Many Thanks, to [https://github.com/samuelvenable](Samuel Venable) for contributing the <<v2::ext>> functionality and all the research that went into it.
 
 

doc/env.adoc

@@ -29,3 +29,24 @@ The subprocess environment assignment follows the same constraints:
 ----
 include::../example/env.cpp[tag=subprocess_env]
 ----
+
+== Inheriting an environment
+
+The current environment can be obtained by calling `environment::current` which returns
+a forward range of `environment::key_value_pair_view`.
+
+.example/env.cpp:48-54
+[source,cpp,ident=0]
+----
+include::../example/env.cpp[tag=vector_env]
+----
+
+Alternatively you can use a map container for the environment.
+
+.example/env.cpp:61-68
+[source,cpp,ident=0]
+----
+include::../example/env.cpp[tag=map_env]
+----
+
+

doc/reference/environment.adoc

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 === `environment`
 
-The `environment` header provides facilities to maniuplate the current environment and set it for new processes.
+The `environment` header provides facilities to manipulate the current environment and set it for new processes.
 
 
 An environment is a a `range` of `T` fulfilling these requirements:
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace environment
 // A char traits type that reflects the OS rules for string representing environment keys.
 /* Can be an alias of std::char_traits. May only be defined for `char` and `wchar_t`.
  *
- * Windows treats keys as case-insensitive yet perserving. The char traits are made to reflect
+ * Windows treats keys as case-insensitive yet preserving. The char traits are made to reflect
  * that behaviour.
 */
 template<typename Char>

doc/reference/process_handle.adoc

@@ -100,9 +100,10 @@ struct basic_process_handle
     // Check if the process handle is referring to an existing process.
     bool is_open() const;
 
-    // Asynchronously wait for the process to exit and deliver the native exit-code in the completion handler.
-    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code, native_exit_code_type))
+    // Asynchronously wait for the process to exit and assign the native exit-code to the reference.
+    // The exit_status can indicate that a process has already be waited for, e.g. when terminate is called.
+    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code))
              WaitHandler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>>
-    auto async_wait(WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>());
+    auto async_wait(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>());
 };
 ----

doc/reference/stdio.adoc

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ in later version of C++.
 asio::io_context ctx;
 
 /// C++17
-v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{.stderr=nullptr});
+v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{.err=nullptr});
 /// C++11 & C++14
 v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{ {}, {}, nullptr});
 ----

doc/version2.adoc

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The major changes are
 * separate compilation
 * fd safe by default
 
-Version 2 is now the defauled. In order to discourage usage of the deprecated v1, it's documentation has been removed.
+Version 2 is now the default. In order to discourage usage of the deprecated v1, it's documentation has been removed.
 
 == Simplified Interface
 

example/env.cpp

@@ -42,4 +42,30 @@ int main()
     process pro2(ctx, exe, {"test.cpp"}, process_environment(my_env));
     // end::subprocess_env[]
   }
+
+  {
+    // tag::vector_env[]
+    asio::io_context ctx;
+    auto c = environment::current();
+    // we need to use a value, since windows needs wchar_t.
+    std::vector<environment::key_value_pair> my_env{c.begin(), c.end()};
+    my_env.push_back("SECRET=THIS_IS_A_TEST");
+    auto exe = environment::find_executable("g++", my_env);
+    process proc(ctx, exe, {"main.cpp"}, process_environment(my_env));
+    // end::vector_env[]
+
+  }
+
+  {
+    // tag::map_env[]
+    asio::io_context ctx;
+    std::unordered_map<environment::key, environment::value> my_env;
+    for (const auto & kv : environment::current())
+      if (kv.key().string() != "SECRET")
+        my_env[kv.key()] = kv.value();
+
+    auto exe = environment::find_executable("g++", my_env);
+    process proc(ctx, exe, {"main.cpp"}, process_environment(my_env));
+    // end::map_env[]
+  }
 }

include/boost/process/v1.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Klemens D. Morgenstern
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+#ifndef BOOST_PROCESS_V1_HPP
+#define BOOST_PROCESS_V1_HPP
+
+#include <boost/process/v1/args.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/async.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/async_system.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/group.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/child.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/cmd.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/env.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/environment.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/exe.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/group.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/handles.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/io.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/pipe.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/shell.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/search_path.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/spawn.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/system.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v1/start_dir.hpp>
+
+#endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V1_HPP

include/boost/process/v1/async.hpp

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ io_context ios;
 child c("ls", ios, on_exit=[](int exit, const std::error_code& ec_in){});
 
 std::future<int> exit_code;
-chlid c2("ls", ios, on_exit=exit_code);
+child c2("ls", ios, on_exit=exit_code);
 
 \endcode
 

include/boost/process/v1/async_pipe.hpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace boost { namespace process { BOOST_PROCESS_V1_INLINE namespace v1 {
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_DOXYGEN)
 
 
-/** Class implementing an asnychronous I/O-Object for use with boost.asio.
+/** Class implementing an asynchronous I/O-Object for use with boost.asio.
  *  It is based on the corresponding I/O Object, that is either boost::asio::windows::stream_handle or
  *  boost::asio::posix::stream_descriptor.
  *

include/boost/process/v1/child.hpp

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class child
     /** Same as valid, for convenience. */
     explicit operator bool() const;
 
-    /** Check if the the chlid process is in any process group. */
+    /** Check if the the child process is in any process group. */
     bool in_group() const;
 
     /** \overload bool in_group() const */

include/boost/process/v1/detail/windows/async_pipe.hpp

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ inline std::string make_pipe_name()
     static std::atomic_size_t cnt{0};
     name += std::to_string(pid);
     name += "_";
+    name += std::to_string(intptr_t(&cnt)); // to unclash Boost instances in plug-in DLLs
+    name += "_";
     name += std::to_string(cnt++);
 
     return name;
@@ -60,8 +62,6 @@ public:
     async_pipe(boost::asio::io_context & ios_source, boost::asio::io_context & ios_sink, const std::string & name)
             : async_pipe(ios_source, ios_sink, name, false) {}
 
-
-
     inline async_pipe(const async_pipe& rhs);
     async_pipe(async_pipe&& rhs)  : _source(std::move(rhs._source)), _sink(std::move(rhs._sink))
     {
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@ public:
         return _sink.write_some(buffers);
     }
 
-
     template<typename MutableBufferSequence>
     std::size_t read_some(const MutableBufferSequence & buffers, boost::system::error_code & ec) noexcept
     {
@@ -281,7 +280,6 @@ async_pipe::async_pipe(const async_pipe& p)  :
         _sink.  assign(sink);
 }
 
-
 async_pipe::async_pipe(boost::asio::io_context & ios_source,
                        boost::asio::io_context & ios_sink,
                        const std::string & name, bool private_) : _source(ios_source), _sink(ios_sink)
@@ -298,7 +296,6 @@ async_pipe::async_pipe(boost::asio::io_context & ios_source,
             | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED_, //write flag
             0, private_ ? 1 : ::boost::winapi::PIPE_UNLIMITED_INSTANCES_, 8192, 8192, 0, nullptr);
 
-
     if (source == boost::winapi::INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE_)
         ::boost::process::v1::detail::throw_last_error("create_named_pipe(" + name + ") failed");
 

include/boost/process/v1/locale.hpp

@@ -78,8 +78,9 @@ inline std::locale default_locale()
     std::locale global_loc = std::locale();
     return std::locale(global_loc, new std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>);
 # else  // Other POSIX
-    // Return a default locale object.
-    return std::locale();
+    // ISO C calls std::locale("") "the locale-specific native environment", and this
+    // locale is the default for many POSIX-based operating systems such as Linux.
+    return std::locale("");
 # endif
 }
 

include/boost/process/v2/default_launcher.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #else
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK)
 #include <boost/process/v2/posix/pdfork_launcher.hpp>
+#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIPEFORK)
+#include <boost/process/v2/posix/pipe_fork_launcher.hpp>
 #else
 #include <boost/process/v2/posix/default_launcher.hpp>
 #endif
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ typedef windows::default_launcher default_process_launcher;
 #else
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK)
 typedef posix::pdfork_launcher default_process_launcher;
+#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIPEFORK)
+typedef posix::pipe_fork_launcher default_process_launcher;
 #else
 typedef posix::default_launcher default_process_launcher;
 #endif

include/boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
 
 #include <sys/syscall.h>
 
-#if defined(SYS_pidfd_open)
+#if defined(SYS_pidfd_open) && !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_PIDFD_OPEN)
 #define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIDFD_OPEN 1
 #define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_HAS_PROCESS_HANDLE 1
 #endif

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd.hpp

@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd
             ec.clear();
             exit_code = code;
         }
-      return false;
+        return false;
     }
 
     bool running(native_exit_code_type &exit_code)
@@ -286,24 +286,21 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd
     {
         net::posix::basic_descriptor<Executor> &descriptor;
         pid_type pid_;
-
+        native_exit_code_type & exit_code;
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self)
         {
             self.reset_cancellation_state(asio::enable_total_cancellation());
             error_code ec;
-            native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
             int wait_res = -1;
             if (pid_ <= 0) // error, complete early
-                ec = net::error::bad_descriptor;
-            else 
+              BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, net::error::bad_descriptor);
+            else if (process_is_running(exit_code))
             {
                 wait_res = ::waitpid(pid_, &exit_code, WNOHANG);
                 if (wait_res == -1)
                     ec = get_last_error();
             }
-            
-
             if (!ec && (wait_res == 0))
             {
                 descriptor.async_wait(net::posix::descriptor_base::wait_read, std::move(self));
@@ -313,38 +310,39 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd
             struct completer
             {
                 error_code ec;
-                native_exit_code_type code;
                 typename std::decay<Self>::type self;
 
                 void operator()()
                 {
-                    self.complete(ec, code);
+                    self.complete(ec);
                 }
             };
-            net::post(descriptor.get_executor(), completer{ec, exit_code, std::move(self)});
+            net::dispatch(
+                net::get_associated_immediate_executor(self, descriptor.get_executor()),
+                completer{ec, std::move(self)});
 
         }
 
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec, int = 0)
         {
-            native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
-            if (!ec)
+            if (!ec && process_is_running(exit_code))
                 if (::waitpid(pid_, &exit_code, 0) == -1)
                     ec = get_last_error();
-            std::move(self).complete(ec, exit_code);
+            std::move(self).complete(ec);
         }
     };
  public:
 
-    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code, native_exit_code_type))
+    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code))
     WaitHandler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>>
-    auto async_wait(WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
-    -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-        async_wait_op_{descriptor_, pid_}, handler, descriptor_))
+    auto async_wait(native_exit_code_type & exit_code,
+                    WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
+    -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+        async_wait_op_{descriptor_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, descriptor_))
     {
-      return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-          async_wait_op_{descriptor_, pid_}, handler, descriptor_);
+      return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+          async_wait_op_{descriptor_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, descriptor_);
     }
 
 };

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd_or_signal.hpp

@@ -18,19 +18,27 @@
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_STANDALONE)
 #include <asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <asio/append.hpp>
+#include <asio/associated_immediate_executor.hpp>
 #include <asio/compose.hpp>
 #include <asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <asio/posix/basic_stream_descriptor.hpp>
 #include <asio/post.hpp>
-#include <asio/windows/signal_set.hpp>
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
+#include <asio/signal_set.hpp>
+#endif
 #else
 #include <boost/asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/append.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/associated_immediate_executor.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/compose.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/posix/basic_stream_descriptor.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/post.hpp>
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
 #include <boost/asio/signal_set.hpp>
 #endif
+#endif
 
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
@@ -45,7 +53,7 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
     typedef Executor executor_type;
 
     executor_type get_executor()
-    { return signal_set_.get_executor(); }
+    { return descriptor_.get_executor(); }
 
     /// Rebinds the process_handle to another executor.
     template<typename Executor1>
@@ -277,14 +285,13 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
         int res = ::waitpid(pid_, &code, WNOHANG);
         if (res == -1)
             ec = get_last_error();
-        else
-            ec.clear();
-
-        if (process_is_running(res))
+        else if (res == 0)
             return true;
         else
+        {
+            ec.clear();
             exit_code = code;
-
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -311,13 +318,21 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
     struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal;
     pid_type pid_ = -1;
     net::posix::basic_stream_descriptor<Executor> descriptor_;
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
     net::basic_signal_set<Executor> signal_set_{descriptor_.get_executor(), SIGCHLD};
-
+#else
+    int signal_set_;
+#endif
     struct async_wait_op_
     {
         net::posix::basic_descriptor<Executor> &descriptor;
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
         net::basic_signal_set<Executor> &handle;
+#else
+        int dummy;
+#endif
         pid_type pid_;
+        native_exit_code_type & exit_code;
         bool needs_post = true;
 
         template<typename Self>
@@ -330,11 +345,10 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec, int = 0)
         {
-            native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
             int wait_res = -1;
             if (pid_ <= 0) // error, complete early
                 ec = net::error::bad_descriptor;
-            else 
+            else if (process_is_running(exit_code))
             {
                 wait_res = ::waitpid(pid_, &exit_code, WNOHANG);
                 if (wait_res == -1)
@@ -343,46 +357,53 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
 
             if (!ec && (wait_res == 0))
             {
-                needs_post = false;
                 if (descriptor.is_open())
-                    descriptor.async_wait(
-                            net::posix::descriptor_base::wait_read,
-                            std::move(self));
+                {
+                  needs_post = false;
+                  descriptor.async_wait(
+                      net::posix::descriptor_base::wait_read,
+                      std::move(self));
+                  return;
+                }
                 else
-                    handle.async_wait(std::move(self));
-                return;
+                {
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
+                  needs_post = false;
+                  handle.async_wait(std::move(self));
+                  return;
+#else
+                  BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, net::error::operation_not_supported);
+#endif
+                }
             }
 
-            struct completer
-            {
-                error_code ec;
-                native_exit_code_type code;
-                typename std::decay<Self>::type self;
-
-                void operator()()
-                {
-                    self.complete(ec, code);
-                }
-            };
-
-            const auto exec = self.get_executor();
-            completer cpl{ec, exit_code, std::move(self)};
             if (needs_post)
-                net::post(exec, std::move(cpl));
+            {
+              auto exec = net::get_associated_immediate_executor(self, descriptor.get_executor());
+              net::dispatch(exec, net::append(std::move(self), exit_code, ec));
+            }
             else
-                net::dispatch(exec, std::move(cpl));
-
+            {
+              auto exec = net::get_associated_executor(self);
+              net::dispatch(exec, net::append(std::move(self), exit_code, ec));
+            }
+        }
+        template<typename Self>
+        void operator()(Self &&self, native_exit_code_type code, error_code ec)
+        {
+          self.complete(ec);
         }
     };
  public:
-    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code, int))
+    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code))
              WaitHandler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>>
-    auto async_wait(WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
-      -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                  async_wait_op_{descriptor_, signal_set_, pid_}, handler, descriptor_))
+    auto async_wait(native_exit_code_type & exit_code,
+                    WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
+      -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                  async_wait_op_{descriptor_, signal_set_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, descriptor_))
     {
-        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                async_wait_op_{descriptor_, signal_set_, pid_}, handler, descriptor_);
+        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                async_wait_op_{descriptor_, signal_set_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, descriptor_);
     }
 };
 }

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_signal.hpp

@@ -17,17 +17,25 @@
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_STANDALONE)
 #include <asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <asio/append.hpp>
+#include <asio/associated_immediate_executor.hpp>
 #include <asio/compose.hpp>
 #include <asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <asio/post.hpp>
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
 #include <asio/signal_set.hpp>
+#endif
 #else
 #include <boost/asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/append.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/associated_immediate_executor.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/compose.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/post.hpp>
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
 #include <boost/asio/signal_set.hpp>
 #endif
+#endif
 
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
@@ -86,9 +94,14 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
     basic_process_handle_signal& operator=(basic_process_handle_signal && handle)
     {
         pid_ = handle.id();
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
+
         signal_set_.~basic_signal_set();
         using ss = net::basic_signal_set<Executor>;
         new (&signal_set_) ss(handle.get_executor(), SIGCHLD);
+#else
+        signal_set_.executor = handle.signal_set_.executor;
+#endif
         handle.pid_ = -1;
         return *this;
     }
@@ -244,11 +257,13 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
         int res = ::waitpid(pid_, &code, WNOHANG);
         if (res == -1)
             ec = get_last_error();
-        
-        if (res == 0)
+        else if (res == 0)
             return true;
         else
+        {
+            ec.clear();
             exit_code = code;
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -273,13 +288,28 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
     template<typename>
     friend struct basic_process_handle_signal;
     pid_type pid_ = -1;
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
     net::basic_signal_set<Executor> signal_set_;
-
+#else
+    struct signal_set_dummy_
+    {
+      signal_set_dummy_(signal_set_dummy_ &&) = default;
+      signal_set_dummy_(const signal_set_dummy_ &) = default;
+      Executor executor;
+      using executor_type = Executor;
+      executor_type get_executor() {return executor;}
+      signal_set_dummy_(Executor executor, int) : executor(std::move(executor)) {}
+    };
+    signal_set_dummy_ signal_set_;
+#endif
     struct async_wait_op_
     {
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_SIGNALSET)
+
         net::basic_signal_set<Executor> &handle;
         pid_type pid_;
-        
+        native_exit_code_type & exit_code;
+
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self)
         {
@@ -290,19 +320,18 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
         }
 
         template<typename Self>
-        void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec, int sig)
+        void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec, int /*sig*/)
         {
             if (ec == net::error::operation_aborted &&
                 self.get_cancellation_state().cancelled() 
                     == net::cancellation_type::none)
                 ec.clear();
 
-            native_exit_code_type exit_code = -1;
             int wait_res = -1;
 
             if (pid_ <= 0) // error, complete early
                 ec = net::error::bad_descriptor;
-            else if (!ec)
+            else if (!ec && process_is_running(exit_code))
             {
                 wait_res = ::waitpid(pid_, &exit_code, WNOHANG);
                 if (wait_res == -1)
@@ -315,31 +344,37 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
                 return;
             }
 
-            struct completer
-            {
-                error_code ec;
-                native_exit_code_type code;
-                typename std::decay<Self>::type self;
-
-                void operator()()
-                {
-                    self.complete(ec, code);
-                }
-            };
-
             const auto exec = self.get_executor();
-            net::dispatch(exec, completer{ec, exit_code, std::move(self)});
+            net::dispatch(exec, net::append(std::move(self), ec));
+        }
+#else
+        signal_set_dummy_ dummy_;
+        pid_t pid;
+        template<typename Self>
+        void operator()(Self &&self)
+        {
+          auto exec = net::get_associated_immediate_executor(self, dummy_.get_executor());
+          error_code ec;
+          BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, net::error::operation_not_supported);
+          net::dispatch(exec, net::append(std::move(self), native_exit_code_type(), ec));
+        }
+#endif
+        template<typename Self>
+        void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec)
+        {
+          self.complete(ec);
         }
     };
  public:
-    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code, int))
+    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code))
              WaitHandler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>>
-    auto async_wait(WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
-      -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                    async_wait_op_{signal_set_, pid_}, handler, signal_set_))
+    auto async_wait(native_exit_code_type & exit_code,
+                    WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
+      -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                    async_wait_op_{signal_set_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, signal_set_))
     {
-        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                async_wait_op_{signal_set_, pid_}, handler, signal_set_);
+        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                async_wait_op_{signal_set_, pid_, exit_code}, handler, signal_set_);
     }
 };
 

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_windows.hpp

@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ struct basic_process_handle_win
     struct async_wait_op_
     {
         handle_type &handle;
-
+        native_exit_code_type & exit_code;
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self)
         {
@@ -296,24 +296,24 @@ struct basic_process_handle_win
         template<typename Self>
         void operator()(Self &&self, error_code ec)
         {
-            native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
             if (ec == asio::error::operation_aborted && !self.get_cancellation_state().cancelled())
               return handle.async_wait(std::move(self));
 
-            if (!ec)
+            if (!ec && process_is_running(exit_code)) // exit_code could be set by another call to wait.
                 detail::get_exit_code_(handle.native_handle(), exit_code, ec);
-            std::move(self).complete(ec, exit_code);
+            std::move(self).complete(ec);
         }
     };
  public:
-    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code, native_exit_code_type))
+    template<BOOST_PROCESS_V2_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(error_code))
              WaitHandler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>>
-    auto async_wait(WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
-        -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                    async_wait_op_{handle_}, handler, handle_))
+    auto async_wait(native_exit_code_type & exit_code,
+                    WaitHandler &&handler = net::default_completion_token_t<executor_type>())
+        -> decltype(net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                    async_wait_op_{handle_, exit_code}, handler, handle_))
     {
-        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code, native_exit_code_type)>(
-                async_wait_op_{handle_}, handler, handle_
+        return net::async_compose<WaitHandler, void(error_code)>(
+                async_wait_op_{handle_, exit_code}, handler, handle_
         );
     }
 };

include/boost/process/v2/environment.hpp

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace environment
 /// A char traits type that reflects the OS rules for string representing environment keys.
 /** Can be an alias of std::char_traits. May only be defined for `char` and `wchar_t`.
  * 
- * Windows treats keys as case-insensitive yet perserving. The char traits are made to reflect 
+ * Windows treats keys as case-insensitive yet preserving. The char traits are made to reflect 
  * that behaviour.
 */
 template<typename Char>
@@ -1372,6 +1372,8 @@ struct current_view
         environment::native_iterator iterator_;
     };
 
+    using const_iterator = iterator;
+
     iterator begin() const {return iterator(handle_.get());}
     iterator   end() const {return iterator(detail::find_end(handle_.get()));}
 

include/boost/process/v2/posix/pipe_fork_launcher.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 Klemens D. Morgenstern
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+#ifndef BOOST_PROCESS_V2_POSIX_PIPE_FORK_LAUNCHER_HPP
+#define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_POSIX_PIPE_FORK_LAUNCHER_HPP
+
+#include <boost/process/v2/posix/default_launcher.hpp>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace posix
+{
+
+/// A launcher using `pipe_fork`. Default on FreeBSD
+struct pipe_fork_launcher : default_launcher
+{
+    /// The file descriptor of the subprocess. Set after fork.
+    pipe_fork_launcher() = default;
+
+    template<typename ExecutionContext, typename Args, typename ... Inits>
+    auto operator()(ExecutionContext & context,
+                    const typename std::enable_if<is_convertible<
+                            ExecutionContext&, net::execution_context&>::value,
+                            filesystem::path >::type & executable,
+                    Args && args,
+                    Inits && ... inits ) -> basic_process<typename ExecutionContext::executor_type>
+    {
+        error_code ec;
+        auto proc =  (*this)(context, ec, executable, std::forward<Args>(args), std::forward<Inits>(inits)...);
+
+        if (ec)
+            v2::detail::throw_error(ec, "pipe_fork_launcher");
+
+        return proc;
+    }
+
+
+    template<typename ExecutionContext, typename Args, typename ... Inits>
+    auto operator()(ExecutionContext & context,
+                    error_code & ec,
+                    const typename std::enable_if<is_convertible<
+                            ExecutionContext&, net::execution_context&>::value,
+                            filesystem::path >::type & executable,
+                    Args && args,
+                    Inits && ... inits ) -> basic_process<typename ExecutionContext::executor_type>
+    {
+        return (*this)(context.get_executor(), ec, executable, std::forward<Args>(args), std::forward<Inits>(inits)...);
+    }
+
+    template<typename Executor, typename Args, typename ... Inits>
+    auto operator()(Executor exec,
+                    const typename std::enable_if<
+                            net::execution::is_executor<Executor>::value ||
+                            net::is_executor<Executor>::value,
+                            filesystem::path >::type & executable,
+                    Args && args,
+                    Inits && ... inits ) -> basic_process<Executor>
+    {
+        error_code ec;
+        auto proc =  (*this)(std::move(exec), ec, executable, std::forward<Args>(args), std::forward<Inits>(inits)...);
+
+        if (ec)
+            v2::detail::throw_error(ec, "pipe_fork_launcher");
+
+        return proc;
+    }
+
+    template<typename Executor, typename Args, typename ... Inits>
+    auto operator()(Executor exec,
+                    error_code & ec,
+                    const typename std::enable_if<
+                            net::execution::is_executor<Executor>::value ||
+                            net::is_executor<Executor>::value,
+                            filesystem::path >::type & executable,
+                    Args && args,
+                    Inits && ... inits ) -> basic_process<Executor>
+    {
+        auto argv = this->build_argv_(executable, std::forward<Args>(args));
+        int fd = -1;
+        {
+            pipe_guard pg, pg_wait;
+            if (::pipe(pg.p))
+            {
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            if (::fcntl(pg.p[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC))
+            {
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            if (::pipe(pg_wait.p))
+            {
+              BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+              return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            if (::fcntl(pg_wait.p[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC))
+            {
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            ec = detail::on_setup(*this, executable, argv, inits ...);
+            if (ec)
+            {
+                detail::on_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+                return basic_process<Executor>(exec);
+            }
+            fd_whitelist.push_back(pg.p[1]);
+            fd_whitelist.push_back(pg_wait.p[1]);
+
+            auto & ctx = net::query(
+                    exec, net::execution::context);
+            ctx.notify_fork(net::execution_context::fork_prepare);
+            pid = ::fork();
+            if (pid == -1)
+            {
+                ctx.notify_fork(net::execution_context::fork_parent);
+                detail::on_fork_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+                detail::on_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            else if (pid == 0)
+            {
+                ctx.notify_fork(net::execution_context::fork_child);
+                ::close(pg.p[0]);
+
+                ec = detail::on_exec_setup(*this, executable, argv, inits...);
+                if (!ec)
+                {
+                    close_all_fds(ec);
+                }                
+                if (!ec)
+                    ::execve(executable.c_str(), const_cast<char * const *>(argv), const_cast<char * const *>(env));
+
+                default_launcher::ignore_unused(::write(pg.p[1], &errno, sizeof(int)));
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, errno, system_category());
+                detail::on_exec_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+                ::exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            ctx.notify_fork(net::execution_context::fork_parent);
+            ::close(pg.p[1]);
+            pg.p[1] = -1;
+            ::close(pg_wait.p[1]);
+            pg_wait.p[1] = -1;
+            int child_error{0};
+            int count = -1;
+            while ((count = ::read(pg.p[0], &child_error, sizeof(child_error))) == -1)
+            {
+                int err = errno;
+                if ((err != EAGAIN) && (err != EINTR))
+                {
+                    BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, err, system_category());
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (count != 0)
+                BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, child_error, system_category());
+
+            if (ec)
+            {
+                detail::on_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+                return basic_process<Executor>{exec};
+            }
+            std::swap(fd, pg_wait.p[0]);
+        }
+
+        basic_process<Executor> proc(exec, pid, fd);
+        detail::on_success(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
+        return proc;
+    }
+};
+
+
+}
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
+
+
+#endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V2_POSIX_PIPE_FORK_LAUNCHER_HPP

include/boost/process/v2/process.hpp

@@ -20,10 +20,12 @@
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_STANDALONE)
 #include <asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <asio/post.hpp>
 #include <utility>
 #else
 #include <boost/asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/dispatch.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/post.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/exchange.hpp>
 #endif
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ struct basic_process
   void resume()
   {
       error_code ec;
-      suspend(ec);
+      resume(ec);
       if (ec)
           detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
   }
@@ -300,6 +302,8 @@ struct basic_process
    */
   bool running()
   {
+    if (!process_is_running(exit_status_))
+      return false;
     error_code ec;
     native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
     auto r =  process_handle_.running(exit_code, ec);
@@ -314,6 +318,8 @@ struct basic_process
   /// Throwing @overload bool running(error_code & ec)
   bool running(error_code & ec) noexcept
   {
+    if (!process_is_running(exit_status_))
+      return false;
     native_exit_code_type exit_code{};
     auto r =  process_handle_.running(exit_code, ec);
     if (!ec && !r)
@@ -355,23 +361,22 @@ private:
             }
         };
 
-        net::post(handle.get_executor(),
-                                              completer{static_cast<int>(res), std::move(self)});
+        net::dispatch(
+            net::get_associated_immediate_executor(handle, handle.get_executor()),
+            completer{static_cast<int>(res), std::move(self)});
       }
       else
-        handle.async_wait(std::move(self));
+        handle.async_wait(res, std::move(self));
     }
 
     template<typename Self>
-    void operator()(Self && self, error_code ec, native_exit_code_type code)
+    void operator()(Self && self, error_code ec)
     {
-      if (!ec && process_is_running(code))
-        handle.async_wait(std::move(self));
+      if (!ec && process_is_running(res))
+        handle.async_wait(res, std::move(self));
       else
       {
-        if (!ec)
-          res = code;
-        std::move(self).complete(ec, evaluate_exit_code(code));
+        std::move(self).complete(ec, evaluate_exit_code(res));
       }
     }
   };

include/boost/process/v2/process_handle.hpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIDFD_OPEN)
 #include <boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd.hpp>
-#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK)
+#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK) || defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIPEFORK)
 #include <boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd_or_signal.hpp>
 #else
 // with asio support we could use EVFILT_PROC:NOTE_EXIT as well.
@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ struct basic_process_handle
     void request_exit()
 
     /// Unconditionally terminates the process and stores the exit code in exit_status.
-    void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec);\
+    void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec);
     /// Throwing @overload void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_code, error_code & ec)
-    void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status);/
+    void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status);
 
     /// Checks if the current process is running. 
     /**If it has already completed, it assigns the exit code to `exit_code`.
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ using basic_process_handle = detail::basic_process_handle_win<Executor>;
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIDFD_OPEN)
 template<typename Executor = net::any_io_executor>
 using basic_process_handle = detail::basic_process_handle_fd<Executor>;
-#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK) || defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIPE_LAUNCHER)
+#elif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PDFORK) || defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PIPEFORK)
 template<typename Executor = net::any_io_executor>
 using basic_process_handle = detail::basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal<Executor>;
 #else

include/boost/process/v2/stdio.hpp

@@ -31,8 +31,33 @@
 #endif
 
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_readable_pipe : std::false_type
+{
+};
+
+template<typename Executor>
+struct is_readable_pipe<asio::basic_readable_pipe<Executor>> : std::true_type
+{
+};
+
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_writable_pipe : std::false_type
+{
+};
+
+template<typename Executor>
+struct is_writable_pipe<asio::basic_writable_pipe<Executor>> : std::true_type
+{
+};
+
 namespace detail
 {
+
+
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
 
 struct handle_closer
@@ -104,16 +129,10 @@ struct process_io_binding
   }
 
 
-  template<typename Executor>
-  process_io_binding(net::basic_readable_pipe<Executor> & pipe)
+  template<typename ReadablePipe>
+  process_io_binding(ReadablePipe & pipe,
+                     typename std::enable_if<is_readable_pipe<ReadablePipe>::value && Target != STD_INPUT_HANDLE>::type * = nullptr)
   {
-    if (Target == STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
-    {
-      auto h_ = pipe.native_handle();
-      h = std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer>{h_, get_flags(h_)};
-      return ;
-    }
-
     net::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
     error_code ec;
     net::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
@@ -125,15 +144,10 @@ struct process_io_binding
   }
 
 
-  template<typename Executor>
-  process_io_binding(net::basic_writable_pipe<Executor> & pipe)
+  template<typename WritablePipe>
+  process_io_binding(WritablePipe & pipe,
+                     typename std::enable_if<is_writable_pipe<WritablePipe>::value && Target == STD_INPUT_HANDLE>::type * = nullptr)
   {
-    if (Target != STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
-    {
-      auto h_ = pipe.native_handle();
-      h = std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer>{h_, get_flags(h_)};
-      return ;
-    }
     net::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
     error_code ec;
     net::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
@@ -207,15 +221,10 @@ struct process_io_binding
   {
   }
 
-  template<typename Executor>
-  process_io_binding(net::basic_readable_pipe<Executor> & readable_pipe)
+  template<typename ReadablePipe>
+  process_io_binding(ReadablePipe & readable_pipe,
+                     typename std::enable_if<is_readable_pipe<ReadablePipe>::value && Target != STDIN_FILENO>::type * = nullptr)
   {
-    if (Target == STDIN_FILENO)
-    {
-      fd = readable_pipe.native_handle();
-      return ;
-    }
-
     net::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
     net::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
     if (ec)
@@ -232,15 +241,10 @@ struct process_io_binding
   }
 
 
-  template<typename Executor>
-  process_io_binding(net::basic_writable_pipe<Executor> & writable_pipe)
+  template<typename WritablePipe>
+  process_io_binding(WritablePipe & writable_pipe,
+                     typename std::enable_if<is_writable_pipe<WritablePipe>::value && Target == STDIN_FILENO>::type * = nullptr)
   {
-
-    if (Target != STDIN_FILENO)
-    {
-      fd = writable_pipe.native_handle();
-      return ;
-    }
     net::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
     error_code ec;
     net::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
@@ -263,7 +267,7 @@ struct process_io_binding
       return ec;
   }
 
-  error_code on_exec_setup(posix::default_launcher & launcher,
+  error_code on_exec_setup(posix::default_launcher &,
                            const filesystem::path &, const char * const *)
   {
     if (::dup2(fd, target) == -1)
@@ -304,7 +308,7 @@ typedef process_io_binding<STDERR_FILENO> process_error_binding;
  * * @code {.cpp}
  * asio::io_context ctx;
  * /// C++17
- * v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{.stderr=nullptr});
+ * v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{.err=nullptr});
  * /// C++11 & C++14
  * v2::process proc17(ctx, "/bin/bash", {}, v2::process_stdio{ {}, {}, nullptr});
  *                                                        stdin ^  ^ stderr

include/boost/process/v2/windows/default_launcher.hpp

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ inline std::false_type probe_on_error(
 
 template<typename Launcher, typename Init>
 inline auto probe_on_error(Launcher & launcher, Init && init, derived && )
-        -> std::is_same<error_code, decltype(init.on_error(launcher, std::declval<const filesystem::path &>(), std::declval<std::wstring &>(), std::declval<std::error_code&>()))>;
+        -> std::is_same<error_code, decltype(init.on_error(launcher, std::declval<const filesystem::path &>(), std::declval<std::wstring &>(), std::declval<error_code&>()))>;
 
 template<typename Launcher, typename Init>
 using has_on_error = decltype(probe_on_error(std::declval<Launcher&>(), std::declval<Init>(), derived{}));
@@ -403,7 +403,12 @@ struct default_launcher
   static std::wstring build_command_line(const filesystem::path & pt, const Args & args)
   {
     if (std::begin(args) == std::end(args))
-      return pt.native();
+    {
+      std::wstring buffer;
+      buffer.resize(escaped_argv_length(pt.native()));
+      escape_argv_string(&buffer.front(), buffer.size(), pt.native());
+      return buffer;
+    }
 
     return build_command_line_impl(pt, args, *std::begin(args));
   }

index.html

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 <html>
 <head>
 <meta charset="utf-8">
-<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=../../doc/html/process.html">
+<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=doc/html/index.html">
 <title>Boost.Process</title>
 <style>
   body {
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 <body>
   <p>
     Automatic redirection failed, please go to
-    <a href="../../doc/html/process.html">../../doc/html/process.html</a>
+    <a href="doc/html/index.html">doc/html/index.html</a>
   </p>
   <p>
     &copy; 2016 Klemens D. Morgenstern

src/detail/utf8.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ std::size_t size_as_utf8(const wchar_t * in, std::size_t size, error_code & ec)
 
 std::size_t size_as_wide(const char * in, std::size_t size, error_code & ec)
 {
+    if (size == 0u)
+        return 0u;
     auto res = ::MultiByteToWideChar(
                           CP_UTF8,                // CodePage
                           0,                      // dwFlags
@@ -88,6 +90,8 @@ std::size_t convert_to_utf8(const wchar_t *in, std::size_t size,  char * out,
 std::size_t convert_to_wide(const char *in, std::size_t size,  wchar_t * out, 
                             std::size_t max_size, error_code & ec)
 {
+    if (size == 0u)
+      return 0u;
     auto res = ::MultiByteToWideChar(
                           CP_UTF8,                     // CodePage
                           0,                           // dwFlags
@@ -210,10 +214,8 @@ std::size_t size_as_wide(const  char   * in, std::size_t size, error_code &)
     const auto from = in;
     const auto from_end = from + size;
     const char * from_next = from;
-    std::size_t char_count = 0u;
     while (from_next < from_end)
     {
-        ++char_count;
         unsigned int octet_count = get_octet_count(*from_next);
         // The buffer may represent incomplete characters, so terminate early if one is found
         if (octet_count > static_cast<std::size_t>(from_end - from_next))

src/error.cpp

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ struct exit_code_category final : public error_category
 #            if defined(SIGILL)
                     case SIGILL: return "SIGILL:    Illegal Instruction";
 #            endif
-#            if defined(SIGINFO)
+#            if defined(SIGINFO) && SIGINFO != SIGPWR
                     case SIGINFO: return "SIGINFO:   A synonym for SIGPWR";
 #            endif
 #            if defined(SIGINT)

src/ext/cmd.cpp

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#if (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__))
+#if (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__gnu_hurd__))
 #include <cstdio>
 #endif
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ shell cmd(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
     return make_cmd_shell_::make(std::move(procargs), argc, argv.release(), fr_func);
 }
     
-#elif (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__))
+#elif (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__gnu_hurd__))
 
 shell cmd(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 {
@@ -403,10 +403,10 @@ shell cmd(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 }
 
 #else
-filesystem::path cmd(boost::process::v2::pid_type, error_code & ec)
+shell cmd(boost::process::v2::pid_type, error_code & ec)
 {
   BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASSIGN_EC(ec, ENOTSUP, system_category());
-  return "";
+  return {};
 }
 #endif
 

src/ext/env.cpp

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ env_view env(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 	return {};
 }
 
-#elif (defined(__APPLE___) || defined(__MACH__)) && !TARGET_OS_IOS
+#elif (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)) && !TARGET_OS_IOS
 
 env_view env(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 {
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ env_view env(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
     return ev;
 }
 
-#elif (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__))
+#elif (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__)) || defined(__gnu_hurd__)
 
 env_view env(boost::process::v2::pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 {

src/pid.cpp

@@ -178,6 +178,7 @@ pid_type parent_pid(pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 std::vector<pid_type> child_pids(pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
 {
     std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+#if defined(PROC_PPID_ONLY)
     vec.resize(proc_listpids(PROC_PPID_ONLY, (uint32_t)pid, nullptr, 0) / sizeof(pid_type));
     const auto sz = proc_listpids(PROC_PPID_ONLY, (uint32_t)pid, &vec[0], sizeof(pid_type) * vec.size());
     if (sz < 0)
@@ -186,6 +187,16 @@ std::vector<pid_type> child_pids(pid_type pid, error_code & ec)
         return {};
     }
     vec.resize(sz);
+#else
+    std::vector<pid_type> pids = all_pids(ec);
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < pids.size(); i++)
+    {
+        if (pid == parent_pid(pids[i], ec))
+        {
+            vec.push_back(pids[i]);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
     return vec;
 }
 

test/v2/ext.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <boost/process/v2/pid.hpp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/process.hpp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/start_dir.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/io_context.hpp>
 #include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE(ext)

test/v2/pid.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include <boost/process/v2/pid.hpp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/process.hpp>
 
+#include <boost/asio/io_context.hpp>
+
 #include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
 
 #include <algorithm>

test/v2/process.cpp

@@ -245,6 +245,67 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(print_args_out)
 }
 
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(print_args_spec_out)
+{
+    using boost::unit_test::framework::master_test_suite;
+    const auto pth =  master_test_suite().argv[1];
+
+    asio::io_context ctx;
+
+    asio::readable_pipe rp{ctx};
+    asio::writable_pipe wp{ctx};
+    asio::connect_pipe(rp, wp);
+
+
+    bpv::process proc(ctx, pth, {"print-args", "&foo", "&", "|bar", "\"", "#foobar"}, bpv::process_stdio{/*in*/{},/*out*/wp, /*err*/ nullptr});
+
+    wp.close();
+    asio::streambuf st;
+    std::istream is{&st};
+    bpv::error_code ec;
+
+    auto sz = asio::read(rp, st,  ec);
+    while (ec == asio::error::interrupted)
+    sz += asio::read(rp, st,  ec);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK_NE(sz, 0u);
+    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE((ec == asio::error::broken_pipe) || (ec == asio::error::eof), ec.message());
+
+    std::string line;
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pth, line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("print-args", line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("&foo", line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("&", line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("|bar", line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("\"", line);
+
+    BOOST_CHECK(std::getline(is, line));
+    trim_end(line);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("#foobar", line);
+
+
+    proc.wait();
+    BOOST_CHECK(proc.exit_code() == 0);
+}
+
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(print_args_err)
 {
   using boost::unit_test::framework::master_test_suite;
@@ -725,7 +786,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(async_cancel_wait)
   proc.async_wait(asio::cancel_after(std::chrono::milliseconds(100),
                          [&](boost::system::error_code ec, int)
                          {
-                           BOOST_CHECK(ec == asio::error::operation_aborted);
+                           BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ec, asio::error::operation_aborted);
                            BOOST_CHECK(proc.running());
                            if (proc.running())
                              proc.terminate();
@@ -768,6 +829,26 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(no_zombie)
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(errno, ECHILD);
 }
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(async_terminate_code)
+{
+  asio::io_context ctx;
+  using boost::unit_test::framework::master_test_suite;
+  const auto pth = bpv::filesystem::absolute(master_test_suite().argv[1]);
+
+  bpv::process proc(ctx, pth, {"sleep", "1000"});
+
+  proc.async_wait([&](boost::system::error_code ec, int code)
+                  {
+                    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(!ec, ec.what());
+                    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(code, SIGKILL);
+                    BOOST_CHECK(!proc.running());
+                 });
+
+  asio::post(ctx, [&]{proc.terminate();});
+
+  ctx.run();
+}
+
 #endif
 
 

test/v2/target.cpp

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ int main(int argc, char * argv[])
           {
             if (kind == CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT)
             {
-              // windows doesn't like us doing antyhing else
+              // windows doesn't like us doing anything else
               ::exit(0);
               if (tim_p != nullptr)
                 tim_p->cancel();