Fixed __FreeBSD__ code.

Credit to Samuel Venable, @time-killer-games.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - develop
+      - feature/**
+
+env:
+  UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+
+jobs:
+  posix:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - toolset: gcc-4.8
+            cxxstd: "11"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: g++-4.8
+          - toolset: gcc-5
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: g++-5
+          - toolset: gcc-6
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: g++-6
+          - toolset: gcc-7
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+          - toolset: gcc-8
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: g++-8
+          - toolset: gcc-9
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+          - toolset: gcc-10
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: g++-10
+          - toolset: gcc-11
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: g++-11
+          - toolset: gcc-12
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install: g++-12
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.9
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: clang-3.9
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-4.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: clang-4.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-5.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: clang-5.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-6.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: clang-6.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-7
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-18.04
+            install: clang-7
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-8
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: clang-8
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-9
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: clang-9
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-10
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: clang-10
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-11
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: clang-11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-12
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-20.04
+            install: clang-12
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-13
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install: clang-13
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-14
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install: clang-14
+          - toolset: clang
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: macos-11
+
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install packages
+        if: matrix.install
+        run: sudo apt install ${{matrix.install}}
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        run: |
+          echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: $GITHUB_REPOSITORY
+          LIBRARY=${GITHUB_REPOSITORY#*/}
+          echo LIBRARY: $LIBRARY
+          echo "LIBRARY=$LIBRARY" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF
+          echo GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF
+          REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-$GITHUB_REF}
+          REF=${REF#refs/heads/}
+          echo REF: $REF
+          BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$REF" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+          echo BOOST_BRANCH: $BOOST_BRANCH
+          cd ..
+          git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+          cd boost-root
+          cp -r $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/* libs/$LIBRARY
+          git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+          python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs 3" $LIBRARY
+          ./bootstrap.sh
+          ./b2 -d0 headers
+
+      - name: Create user-config.jam
+        if: matrix.compiler
+        run: |
+          echo "using ${{matrix.toolset}} : : ${{matrix.compiler}} ;" > ~/user-config.jam
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root
+          ./b2 -j3 libs/$LIBRARY/test toolset=${{matrix.toolset}} cxxstd=${{matrix.cxxstd}} variant=debug,release
+
+  windows:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - toolset: msvc-14.0
+            cxxstd: "14,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2019
+          - toolset: msvc-14.2
+            cxxstd: "14,17,20,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2019
+          - toolset: msvc-14.3
+            cxxstd: "14,17,20,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2022
+          - toolset: clang-win
+            cxxstd: "14,17,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2022
+          - toolset: gcc
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            addrmd: 64
+            os: windows-2019
+
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+          echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: %GITHUB_REPOSITORY%
+          for /f %%i in ("%GITHUB_REPOSITORY%") do set LIBRARY=%%~nxi
+          echo LIBRARY: %LIBRARY%
+          echo LIBRARY=%LIBRARY%>>%GITHUB_ENV%
+          echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: %GITHUB_BASE_REF%
+          echo GITHUB_REF: %GITHUB_REF%
+          if "%GITHUB_BASE_REF%" == "" set GITHUB_BASE_REF=%GITHUB_REF%
+          set BOOST_BRANCH=develop
+          for /f %%i in ("%GITHUB_BASE_REF%") do if "%%~nxi" == "master" set BOOST_BRANCH=master
+          echo BOOST_BRANCH: %BOOST_BRANCH%
+          cd ..
+          git clone -b %BOOST_BRANCH% --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+          cd boost-root
+          xcopy /s /e /q %GITHUB_WORKSPACE% libs\%LIBRARY%\
+          git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+          python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs 3" %LIBRARY%
+          cmd /c bootstrap
+          b2 -d0 headers
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root
+          b2 -j3 libs/%LIBRARY%/test toolset=${{matrix.toolset}} cxxstd=${{matrix.cxxstd}} address-model=${{matrix.addrmd}} variant=debug,release embed-manifest-via=linker
+
+  posix-cmake-subdir:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - os: ubuntu-18.04
+          - os: ubuntu-20.04
+          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: macos-11
+
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install packages
+        if: matrix.install
+        run: sudo apt install ${{matrix.install}}
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        run: |
+          echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: $GITHUB_REPOSITORY
+          LIBRARY=${GITHUB_REPOSITORY#*/}
+          echo LIBRARY: $LIBRARY
+          echo "LIBRARY=$LIBRARY" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF
+          echo GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF
+          REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-$GITHUB_REF}
+          REF=${REF#refs/heads/}
+          echo REF: $REF
+          BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$REF" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+          echo BOOST_BRANCH: $BOOST_BRANCH
+          cd ..
+          git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+          cd boost-root
+          cp -r $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/* libs/$LIBRARY
+          git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+          python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs 3" $LIBRARY
+
+      - name: Use library with add_subdirectory
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root/libs/$LIBRARY/test/cmake_subdir_test
+          mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+          cmake ..
+          cmake --build .
+          ctest --output-on-failure --no-tests=error
+
+  posix-cmake-install:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - os: ubuntu-18.04
+          - os: ubuntu-20.04
+          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: macos-11
+
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install packages
+        if: matrix.install
+        run: sudo apt install ${{matrix.install}}
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        run: |
+          echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: $GITHUB_REPOSITORY
+          LIBRARY=${GITHUB_REPOSITORY#*/}
+          echo LIBRARY: $LIBRARY
+          echo "LIBRARY=$LIBRARY" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF
+          echo GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF
+          REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-$GITHUB_REF}
+          REF=${REF#refs/heads/}
+          echo REF: $REF
+          BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$REF" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+          echo BOOST_BRANCH: $BOOST_BRANCH
+          cd ..
+          git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+          cd boost-root
+          cp -r $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/* libs/$LIBRARY
+          git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+          python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs 3" $LIBRARY
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root
+          mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+          cmake -DBOOST_INCLUDE_LIBRARIES=$LIBRARY -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/.local ..
+
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root/__build__
+          cmake --build . --target install
+
+      - name: Use the installed library
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root/libs/$LIBRARY/test/cmake_install_test && mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+          cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/.local ..
+          cmake --build .
+          ctest --output-on-failure --no-tests=error
+
+  posix-cmake-test:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - os: ubuntu-18.04
+          - os: ubuntu-20.04
+          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: macos-11
+
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install packages
+        if: matrix.install
+        run: sudo apt install ${{matrix.install}}
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        run: |
+          echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: $GITHUB_REPOSITORY
+          LIBRARY=${GITHUB_REPOSITORY#*/}
+          echo LIBRARY: $LIBRARY
+          echo "LIBRARY=$LIBRARY" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF
+          echo GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF
+          REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-$GITHUB_REF}
+          REF=${REF#refs/heads/}
+          echo REF: $REF
+          BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$REF" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+          echo BOOST_BRANCH: $BOOST_BRANCH
+          cd ..
+          git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+          cd boost-root
+          cp -r $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/* libs/$LIBRARY
+          git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+          python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs 3" $LIBRARY
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root
+          mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+          cmake -DBOOST_INCLUDE_LIBRARIES=$LIBRARY -DBUILD_TESTING=ON ..
+
+      - name: Build tests
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root/__build__
+          cmake --build . --target tests
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          cd ../boost-root/__build__
+          ctest --output-on-failure --no-tests=error

include/boost/process/async_pipe.hpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace boost { namespace process {
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_DOXYGEN)
 
 
-/** Class implementing and asnychronous I/O-Object for use with boost.asio.
+/** Class implementing an asnychronous I/O-Object for use with boost.asio.
  *  It is based on the corresponding I/O Object, that is either boost::asio::windows::stream_handle or
  *  boost::asio::posix::stream_descriptor.
  *

include/boost/process/detail/posix/basic_cmd.hpp

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ struct exe_cmd_init<char> : boost::process::detail::api::handler_base_ext
     }
     static exe_cmd_init cmd_shell(std::string&& cmd)
     {
-        std::vector<std::string> args = {"-c", "\"" + cmd + "\""};
+        std::vector<std::string> args = {"-c", cmd};
         std::string sh = shell().string();
 
         return exe_cmd_init(

include/boost/process/detail/posix/executor.hpp

@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ class executor
     void write_error(const std::error_code & ec, const char * msg)
     {
         //I am the child
-        const auto len = std::strlen(msg);
-        int data[2] = {ec.value(), static_cast<int>(len + 1)};
+        const auto len = static_cast<int>(std::strlen(msg));
+        int data[2] = {ec.value(), len + 1};
 
         boost::ignore_unused(::write(_pipe_sink, &data[0], sizeof(int) * 2));
         boost::ignore_unused(::write(_pipe_sink, msg, len));
@@ -444,6 +444,8 @@ child executor<Sequence>::invoke(boost::mpl::false_, boost::mpl::false_)
     }
     if (_ec)
     {
+        //if an error occured we need to reap the child process
+        ::waitpid(this->pid, nullptr, WNOHANG);
         boost::fusion::for_each(seq, call_on_error(*this, _ec));
         return child();
     }
@@ -537,6 +539,7 @@ child executor<Sequence>::invoke(boost::mpl::false_, boost::mpl::true_)
 
     if (_ec)
     {
+        ::waitpid(this->pid, nullptr, WNOHANG);
         boost::fusion::for_each(seq, call_on_error(*this, _ec));
         return child();
     }

include/boost/process/detail/windows/basic_cmd.hpp

@@ -159,8 +159,13 @@ struct exe_cmd_init : handler_base_ext
         return exe_cmd_init<Char>(std::move(sh), std::move(args_));
     }
 
+#ifdef BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS
+    static std:: string get_shell(char)    {return shell(). string(); }
+    static std::wstring get_shell(wchar_t) {return shell().wstring(); }
+#else
     static std:: string get_shell(char)    {return shell(). string(codecvt()); }
     static std::wstring get_shell(wchar_t) {return shell().wstring(codecvt());}
+#endif
 
     static exe_cmd_init<Char> cmd_shell(string_type&& cmd)
     {

include/boost/process/environment.hpp

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ public:
         auto st1 = key + ::boost::process::detail::equal_sign<Char>();
         while (*p != nullptr)
         {
-            const int len = std::char_traits<Char>::length(*p);
+            const auto len = std::char_traits<Char>::length(*p);
             if ((std::distance(st1.begin(), st1.end()) < len)
                  && std::equal(st1.begin(), st1.end(), *p))
                 break;

include/boost/process/v2/detail/impl/process_handle_windows.ipp

@@ -12,6 +12,16 @@
 
 #include <windows.h>
 
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_UNDOCUMENTED_API)
+extern "C" 
+{
+  
+LONG WINAPI NtResumeProcess(HANDLE ProcessHandle);
+LONG WINAPI NtSuspendProcess(HANDLE ProcessHandle);
+  
+}
+#endif
+
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 namespace detail
@@ -77,14 +87,14 @@ static BOOL CALLBACK enum_window(HWND hwnd, LPARAM param)
     auto data = reinterpret_cast<enum_windows_data_t*>(param);
     DWORD pid{0u};
     GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, &pid);
-
     if (pid != data->pid)
       return TRUE;
-
+    
     LRESULT res = ::SendMessageW(hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0);
-    if (!res)
+
+    if (res)
       data->ec = detail::get_last_error();
-    return res != 0;
+    return res == 0;
   }
 
 void request_exit_(pid_type pid_, error_code & ec)
@@ -113,6 +123,33 @@ void check_running_(HANDLE handle, error_code & ec, DWORD & exit_status)
         ec = detail::get_last_error();
 }
 
+#if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DISABLE_UNDOCUMENTED_API)
+void suspend_(HANDLE handle, error_code & ec)
+{
+  auto nt_err = NtSuspendProcess(handle);
+  if (nt_err > 0xC0000000)
+    ec = detail::get_last_error();
+}
+
+void resume_(HANDLE handle, error_code & ec)
+{
+
+  auto nt_err = NtResumeProcess(handle);
+  if (nt_err > 0xC0000000)
+    ec = detail::get_last_error();
+}
+#else
+void suspend_(HANDLE, error_code & ec)
+{
+  ec.assign(ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, system_category());
+}
+
+void resume_(HANDLE handle, error_code & ec)
+{
+
+    ec.assign(ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, system_category());
+}
+#endif
 
 #if !defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_HEADER_ONLY)
 template struct basic_process_handle_win<>;

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd.hpp

@@ -182,7 +182,42 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd
         if (ec)
             detail::throw_error(ec, "request_exit");
     }
+    
+    void suspend()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        suspend(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "suspend");
+    }
 
+    void suspend(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGCONT) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
+
+    void resume()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        resume(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
+    }
+
+    void resume(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGTERM) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
     void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec)
     {
         if (pid_ <= 0)

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_fd_or_signal.hpp

@@ -211,6 +211,42 @@ struct basic_process_handle_fd_or_signal
         if (ec)
             detail::throw_error(ec, "request_exit");
     }
+    
+    void suspend()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        suspend(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "suspend");
+    }
+
+    void suspend(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGCONT) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
+
+    void resume()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        resume(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
+    }
+
+    void resume(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGTERM) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
 
     void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec)
     {

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_signal.hpp

@@ -180,6 +180,50 @@ struct basic_process_handle_signal
             detail::throw_error(ec, "request_exit");
     }
 
+    void interrupt(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGTERM) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
+
+    void suspend()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        suspend(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "suspend");
+    }
+
+    void suspend(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGCONT) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
+
+    void resume()
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        error_code ec;
+        resume(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
+    }
+
+    void resume(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        if (pid_ <= 0)
+            return ;
+        if (::kill(pid_, SIGTERM) == -1)
+            ec = get_last_error();
+    }
+
     void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec)
     {
         if (pid_ <= 0)

include/boost/process/v2/detail/process_handle_windows.hpp

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void terminate_if_running_(void * handle);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL bool check_handle_(void* handle, error_code & ec);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL bool check_pid_(pid_type pid_, error_code & ec);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void interrupt_(pid_type pid_, error_code & ec);
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void suspend_(void * handle, error_code & ec);
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void resume_(void * handle, error_code & ec);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void terminate_(void * handle, error_code & ec, native_exit_code_type & exit_code);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void request_exit_(pid_type pid_, error_code & ec);
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void check_running_(void* handle, error_code & ec, native_exit_code_type & exit_status);
@@ -87,17 +89,16 @@ struct basic_process_handle_win
     {
     }
 
-    basic_process_handle_win(basic_process_handle_win && handle)
+    basic_process_handle_win(basic_process_handle_win && handle) 
+        :  pid_(handle.id()), handle_(std::move(handle.handle_))
     {
-        pid_ = handle.id();
-        handle_ = std::move(handle.handle_);
         handle.pid_ = static_cast<DWORD>(-1);
     }
 
     basic_process_handle_win& operator=(basic_process_handle_win && handle)
     {
         pid_ = handle.pid_;
-        handle_ = std::mopve(handle_))
+        handle_ = std::move(handle.handle_);
         handle.pid_ = static_cast<DWORD>(-1);
         return *this;
     }
@@ -166,7 +167,6 @@ struct basic_process_handle_win
     {
         if (!detail::check_pid_(pid_, ec))
             return;
-
         detail::request_exit_(pid_, ec);
     }
 
@@ -178,6 +178,32 @@ struct basic_process_handle_win
             detail::throw_error(ec, "request_exit");
     }
 
+    void suspend(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        detail::suspend_(handle_.native_handle(), ec);
+    }
+
+    void suspend()
+    {
+        error_code ec;
+        suspend(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "suspend");
+    }
+
+    void resume(error_code &ec)
+    {
+        detail::resume_(handle_.native_handle(), ec);
+    }
+
+    void resume()
+    {
+        error_code ec;
+        suspend(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
+    }
+
     void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_status, error_code &ec)
     {
         if (!detail::check_handle_(handle_.native_handle(), ec))

include/boost/process/v2/environment.hpp

@@ -979,7 +979,8 @@ struct key_value_pair
          const std::pair<Key, Value> & kv/*,
          typename std::enable_if<std::is_constructible<struct key,   Key >::value && 
                                  std::is_constructible<struct value, Value>::value
-                >::type = 0*/) : value_(((struct key)(kv.first)).string() + equality_sign + ((struct value)(kv.second)).string())
+                >::type = 0*/) : value_(((struct key)(kv.first)).basic_string<char_type, traits_type>() + equality_sign 
+                                      + ((struct value)(kv.second)).basic_string<char_type, traits_type>())
     {}
 
     key_value_pair(const typename conditional<is_same<value_type, char>::value, wchar_t, char>::type  * raw)
@@ -1045,6 +1046,7 @@ struct key_value_pair
 
     operator string_type() const {return native();}
     operator string_view_type() const {return native_view();}
+    operator typename string_view_type::string_view_type() const {return native_view();}
     operator key_value_pair_view() const {return native_view();}
 
     int compare( const key_value_pair& p ) const noexcept 
@@ -1432,8 +1434,9 @@ auto find_key(Environment & env, key_view ky)
 template<typename Environment = current_view>
 inline filesystem::path home(Environment && env = current())
 {
-#if defined(ASIO_WINDOWS)
-  return detail::find_key(env, L"HOMEDRIVE") + detail::find_key(env, L"HOMEPATH").native_string();
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+  return detail::find_key(env, L"HOMEDRIVE").native_string() 
+       + detail::find_key(env, L"HOMEPATH").native_string();
 #else
   return detail::find_key(env, "HOME").native_string();
 #endif
@@ -1468,7 +1471,7 @@ inline BOOST_PROCESS_V2_NAMESPACE::filesystem::path find_executable(
         // first check if it has the extension already
         BOOST_PROCESS_V2_NAMESPACE::filesystem::path full_nm(name);
         BOOST_PROCESS_V2_NAMESPACE::filesystem::path pp(pp_view.begin(), pp_view.end());
-        auto p = pp / nm;
+        auto p = pp / full_nm;
         error_code ec;
 
         if (detail::is_executable(p, ec) && !ec)
@@ -1695,67 +1698,52 @@ struct process_environment
 
 
   template<typename Args>
-  void build_env(Args && args, string_view rs)
+  static
+  std::vector<wchar_t> build_env(Args && args,
+                                      typename std::enable_if<
+                                              std::is_convertible<
+                                                      decltype(*std::begin(std::declval<Args>())),
+                                                      wcstring_ref>::value>::type * = nullptr)
   {
-    std::size_t length = 0u;
-    for (string_view v : args)
-      length += detail::size_as_wide(v.data(), v.size(), ec) + 1u;
+    std::vector<wchar_t> res;
+    std::size_t sz = 1;
+    for (wcstring_ref cs : std::forward<Args>(args))
+        sz =+ cs.size() + 1;
+    res.reserve(sz);
+    
+    for (wcstring_ref cs : std::forward<Args>(args))
+        res.insert(res.end(), cs.begin(), std::next(cs.end()));
+        
 
-    if (ec)
-        return;
-    length ++ ;
-
-    unicode_env.resize(length);
-
-    auto itr = &unicode_env.front();
-    for (string_view v : args)
-    {
-        itr += detail::convert_to_wide(
-                        v.data(), v.size(), 
-                        itr, &unicode_env.back() - itr, 
-                        ec);
-      if (ec)
-        break;
-      *(itr++) = '\0';
-    }
-    unicode_env.back() = '\0';
-  }
-  template<typename Args>
-  void build_env(Args && args, wstring_view rs)
-  {
-    std::size_t length = 0u;
-    for (const auto & v : std::forward<Args>(args))
-      length += v.size() + 1u;
- 
-    length ++ ;
-
-    unicode_env.resize(length);
-
-    auto itr = unicode_env.begin();
-    for (wstring_view v : args )
-    {
-      itr = std::copy(v.begin(), v.end(), itr);
-      *(itr++) = L'\0';
-    }
-    unicode_env.back() = L'\0';
+    res.push_back(L'\0');
+    return res;
   }
 
+  template<typename Args>
+  std::vector<wchar_t> build_env(Args && args,
+                                      typename std::enable_if<
+                                              !std::is_convertible<
+                                                      decltype(*std::begin(std::declval<Args>())),
+                                                      wcstring_ref>::value>::type * = nullptr)
+  {
+    for (auto && arg: std::forward<Args>(args))
+      env_buffer.emplace_back(arg);
+    return build_env(env_buffer);
+  }
 
-  process_environment(std::initializer_list<string_view> sv)  { build_env(sv,  ""); }
-  process_environment(std::initializer_list<wstring_view> sv) { build_env(sv, L""); }
+  process_environment(std::initializer_list<string_view> sv)  : unicode_env{build_env(sv,  "")} {}
+  process_environment(std::initializer_list<wstring_view> sv) : unicode_env{build_env(sv, L"")} {}
 
   template<typename Args>
-  process_environment(Args && args)
+  process_environment(Args && args) : unicode_env{build_env(std::forward<Args>(args))}
   {
-    if (std::begin(args) != std::end(args))
-      build_env(std::forward<Args>(args), *std::begin(args));
   }
 
   error_code error() {return ec;}
   error_code ec;
+  std::vector<environment::key_value_pair> env_buffer;
   std::vector<wchar_t> unicode_env;
 
-
   error_code on_setup(windows::default_launcher & launcher,
                       const filesystem::path &, const std::wstring &);
 

include/boost/process/v2/impl/pid.ipp

@@ -6,12 +6,21 @@
 #define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_IMPL_PID_IPP
 
 #include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/last_error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/throw_error.hpp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/pid.hpp>
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
 #include <windows.h>
+#include <tlhelp32.h>
 #else
 #include <unistd.h>
+
+#if (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__))
+#include <sys/proc_info.h>
+#include <libproc.h>
+#endif
+
 #endif
 
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
@@ -22,6 +31,220 @@ pid_type current_pid() {return ::GetCurrentProcessId();}
 pid_type current_pid() {return ::getpid();}
 #endif
 
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    HANDLE hp = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
+    if (!hp)
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    }
+
+    PROCESSENTRY32 pe;
+    pe.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32);
+    if (Process32First(hp, &pe)) {
+      do {
+        vec.push_back(pe.th32ProcessID);
+      } while (Process32Next(hp, &pe));
+    }
+    CloseHandle(hp);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__))
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    vec.resize(proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, nullptr, 0));
+
+    if (proc_listpids(PROC_ALL_PIDS, 0, &vec[0], sizeof(pid_type) * vec))
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto itr = std::partition(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](pid_type pt) {return pt != 0;});
+    vec.erase(itr, vec.end());
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    DIR *proc = opendir("/proc");
+    if (proc == nullptr)
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    } 
+    struct dirent *ent = nullptr;
+    while ((ent = readdir(proc) != nullptr)) 
+    {
+      if (!isdigit(*ent->d_name))
+        continue;
+      vec.push_back(atoi(ent->d_name));
+    }
+    closedir(proc);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    int cntp = 0;
+    kinfo_proc *proc_info = kinfo_getallproc(&cntp);
+    if (proc_info) 
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < cntp; i++)
+        vec.push_back(proc_info[i].ki_pid);
+      free(proc_info);
+    }
+    else
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+    
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__DragonFly__)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    int cntp = 0;
+    kinfo_proc *proc_info = nullptr;
+    const char *nlistf, *memf;
+    nlistf = memf = "/dev/null";
+    kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, nullptr, O_RDONLY, nullptr); 
+    if (!kd) 
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    }
+        
+    if ((proc_info = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &cntp))) 
+    {
+        vec.reserve(cntp);
+        for (int i = 0; i < cntp; i++) 
+            if (proc_info[i].kp_pid >= 0) 
+                vec.push_back(proc_info[i].kp_pid);
+    }
+    else
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        
+    kvm_close(kd);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    int cntp = 0;
+    kinfo_proc2  *proc_info = nullptr;
+    kd = kvm_openfiles(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, KVM_NO_FILES, nullptr);
+    if (!kd)
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    } 
+    if ((proc_info = kvm_getproc2(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2), &cntp)))
+    {
+      vec.reserve(cntp);
+      for (int i = cntp - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        vec.push_back(proc_info[i].p_pid);
+      }
+    }
+    else
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+    kvm_close(kd);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    int cntp = 0;
+    kinfo_proc *proc_info = nullptr;
+    kd = kvm_openfiles(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, KVM_NO_FILES, nullptr);
+
+    if (!kd)
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    } 
+    if ((proc_info = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc), &cntp)))
+    {
+      vec.reserve(cntp);
+      for (int i = 0; i < cntp; i++) {
+        if (proc_info[i].kp_pid >= 0) {
+          vec.push_back(proc_info[i].kp_pid);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    else
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+    kvm_close(kd);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__sun)
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec)
+{
+    std::vector<pid_type> vec;
+    struct pid cur_pid;
+    proc *proc_info = nullptr;
+    kd = kvm_open(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, O_RDONLY, nullptr);
+    if (!kd)
+    {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        return vec;
+    } 
+    
+    while ((proc_info = kvm_nextproc(kd)))
+     {
+      if (kvm_kread(kd, (std::uintptr_t)proc_info->p_pidp, &cur_pid, sizeof(cur_pid)) != -1) {
+        vec.insert(vec.begin(), cur_pid.pid_id);
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        ec = detail::get_last_error();
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    kvm_close(kd);
+    return vec;
+}
+
+
+#else
+#error "Platform not supported"
+
+
+#endif defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+
+
+std::vector<pid_type> all_pids()
+{
+    error_code ec;
+    auto res = all_pids(ec);
+    if (ec)
+        detail::throw_error(ec, "all_pids");
+    return res;
+}
+
+
+
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
 
 #endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V2_IMPL_PID_IPP

include/boost/process/v2/impl/shell.ipp

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 Klemens D. Morgenstern
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+#ifndef BOOST_PROCESS_V2_IMPL_SHELL_IPP
+#define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_IMPL_SHELL_IPP
+
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/last_error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/throw_error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/shell.hpp>
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+#include <shellapi.h>
+#else
+#include <wordexp.h>
+#endif
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL const error_category& get_shell_category()
+{
+    return system_category();
+}
+#else
+
+struct shell_category_t final : public error_category
+{
+    shell_category_t() : error_category(0xDAF1u) {}
+
+    const char* name() const noexcept
+    {
+        return "process.v2.utf8";
+    }
+    std::string message(int value) const
+    {
+        switch (value)
+        {
+        case WRDE_BADCHAR:
+            return "Illegal occurrence of newline or one of |, &, ;, <, >, (, ), {, }.";
+        case WRDE_BADVAL:
+            return "An undefined shell variable was referenced, and the WRDE_UNDEF flag told us to consider this an error.";
+        case WRDE_CMDSUB:
+            return "Command substitution occurred, and the WRDE_NOCMD flag told us to consider this an error.";
+        case WRDE_NOSPACE:
+            return "Out of memory.";
+        case WRDE_SYNTAX:
+            return "Shell syntax error, such as unbalanced parentheses or unmatched quotes.";
+        default:
+            return "process.v2.wordexp error";
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL const error_category& get_shell_category()
+{
+    static shell_category_t instance;
+    return instance;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined (BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+
+void shell::parse_()
+{
+    argv_ = ::CommandLineToArgvW(input_.c_str(), &argc_);
+    if (argv_ == nullptr)
+        detail::throw_last_error();
+}
+
+shell::~shell()
+{
+    if (argv_ != nullptr)
+        LocalFree(argv_);
+}
+
+auto shell::args() const-> args_type
+{
+    return input_.c_str();
+}
+
+#else
+
+void shell::parse_()
+{
+    wordexp_t we{};
+    auto cd = wordexp(input_.c_str(), &we, WRDE_NOCMD);
+
+    if (cd != 0)
+        detail::throw_error(error_code(cd, get_shell_category()), "shell::parse");
+    else
+    {
+        argc_ = static_cast<int>(we.we_wordc);
+        argv_ = we.we_wordv;
+        reserved_ = static_cast<int>(we.we_offs); 
+    }
+}
+
+shell::~shell()
+{
+    if (argv_ != nullptr)
+    {
+        wordexp_t we{
+            .we_wordc = static_cast<std::size_t>(argc_),
+            .we_wordv = argv_,
+            .we_offs = static_cast<std::size_t>(reserved_)
+        };
+        wordfree(&we);
+    }
+}
+
+auto shell::args() const -> args_type
+{
+    if (argc() == 0)
+    {
+        static const char * helper = nullptr;
+        return &helper;
+    }
+    else
+        return const_cast<const char**>(argv());
+}
+
+#endif
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V2_IMPL_SHELL_IPP

include/boost/process/v2/pid.hpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_PID_HPP
 
 #include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/throw_error.hpp>
 
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
@@ -31,6 +32,12 @@ typedef int pid_type;
 /// Get the process id of the current process.
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL pid_type current_pid();
 
+/// List all available pids.
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL std::vector<pid_type> all_pids(error_code & ec);
+
+/// List all available pids.
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL std::vector<pid_type> all_pids();
+
 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_HEADER_ONLY)

include/boost/process/v2/posix/bind_fd.hpp

@@ -91,13 +91,16 @@ struct bind_fd
     {
     }
 
+    error_code on_setup(posix::default_launcher & launcher, const filesystem::path &, const char * const *)
+    {
+        launcher.fd_whitelist.push_back(target);
+    }
+
     /// Implementation of the initialization function.
     error_code on_exec_setup(posix::default_launcher & launcher, const filesystem::path &, const char * const *)
     {
         if (::dup2(fd, target) == -1)
             return error_code(errno, system_category());
-        
-        launcher.fd_whitelist.push_back(target);
         return error_code ();
     }
 };

include/boost/process/v2/posix/default_launcher.hpp

@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ struct default_launcher
                 detail::on_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
                 return basic_process<Executor>(exec);
             }
+            fd_whitelist.push_back(pg.p[1]);
 
             auto & ctx = BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::query(
                     exec, BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::execution::context);
@@ -399,7 +400,6 @@ struct default_launcher
                 ec = detail::on_exec_setup(*this, executable, argv, inits...);
                 if (!ec)
                 {
-                    fd_whitelist.push_back(pg.p[1]);
                     close_all_fds(ec);
                 }                
                 if (!ec)
@@ -485,6 +485,11 @@ struct default_launcher
         return argv_.data();
     }
 
+    const char * const * build_argv_(const filesystem::path &, const char ** argv)
+    {
+        return argv;
+    }
+
     template<typename Args>
     const char * const *  build_argv_(const filesystem::path & pt, const Args & args,
                                       typename std::enable_if<

include/boost/process/v2/posix/pdfork_launcher.hpp

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ struct pdfork_launcher : default_launcher
                 detail::on_error(*this, executable, argv, ec, inits...);
                 return basic_process<Executor>(exec);
             }
+            fd_whitelist.push_back(pg.p[1]);
 
             auto & ctx = BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::query(
                     exec, BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::execution::context);
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ struct pdfork_launcher : default_launcher
                 ec = detail::on_exec_setup(*this, executable, argv, inits...);
                 if (!ec)
                 {
-                    fd_whitelist.push_back(pg.p[1]);
                     close_all_fds(ec);
                 }                
                 if (!ec)

include/boost/process/v2/process.hpp

@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_STANDALONE)
 #include <asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <asio/post.hpp>
 #include <utility>
 #else
 #include <boost/asio/any_io_executor.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/post.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/exchange.hpp>
 #endif
 
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ struct basic_process
                          typename std::enable_if<
                             std::is_convertible<ExecutionContext&, 
                                 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::execution_context&>::value, void *>::type = nullptr)
-      : process_handle_(context, pid, native_handle) {}
+      : process_handle_(context.get_executor(), pid, native_handle) {}
 
   /// Create an invalid handle
   template <typename ExecutionContext>
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ struct basic_process
                          typename std::enable_if<
                              is_convertible<ExecutionContext&, 
                                 BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::execution_context&>::value, void *>::type = nullptr)
-     : process_handle_(context) {}
+     : process_handle_(context.get_executor()) {}
 
 
 
@@ -212,6 +214,37 @@ struct basic_process
     process_handle_.request_exit(ec);
   }
 
+  /// Send the process a signal requesting it to stop. This may rely on undocmented functions.
+  void suspend(error_code &ec)
+  {
+    process_handle_.suspend(ec);
+  }
+
+  /// Send the process a signal requesting it to stop. This may rely on undocmented functions.
+  void suspend()
+  {
+    error_code ec;
+    suspend(ec);
+    if (ec)
+        detail::throw_error(ec, "suspend");
+  }
+
+
+  /// Send the process a signal requesting it to resume. This may rely on undocmented functions.
+  void resume(error_code &ec)
+  {
+    process_handle_.resume(ec);  
+  }
+
+  /// Send the process a signal requesting it to resume. This may rely on undocmented functions.
+  void resume()
+  {
+      error_code ec;
+      suspend(ec);
+      if (ec)
+          detail::throw_error(ec, "resume");
+  }
+
   /// Throwing @overload void terminate(native_exit_code_type &exit_code, error_code & ec)
   void terminate()
   {
@@ -339,7 +372,7 @@ private:
         };
 
         BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::post(handle.get_executor(),
-                                              completer{res, std::move(self)});
+                                              completer{static_cast<int>(res), std::move(self)});
       }
       else
         handle.async_wait(std::move(self));

include/boost/process/v2/shell.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 Klemens D. Morgenstern
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+#ifndef BOOST_PROCESS_V2_SHELL_HPP
+#define BOOST_PROCESS_V2_SHELL_HPP
+
+#include <boost/core/exchange.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/cstring_ref.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/utf8.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/detail/throw_error.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/environment.hpp>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+/// Error category used by the shell parser.
+extern BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL const error_category& get_shell_category();
+static const error_category& shell_category = get_shell_category();
+
+/// Utility to parse commands 
+/** This utility class parses command lines into tokens
+ * and allows users to executed based on textual inputs.
+ * 
+ * In v1, this was possible directly when starting a process,
+ * but has been removed based on the security risks associated with this.
+ * 
+ * By making the shell parsing explicity, it is encouraged
+ * that a user runs a sanity check on the executable before launching it.
+ * 
+ * @par Example
+ * @code {.cpp}
+ * asio::io_context ctx;
+ * 
+ * auto cmd = shell("my-app --help");
+ * auto exe = cmd.exe();
+ * check_if_malicious(exe);
+ * 
+ * process proc{ctx, exe, cmd.args()};
+ * 
+ * @endcode
+ * 
+ * 
+ */
+struct shell
+{    
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+    using char_type = wchar_t; 
+    using args_type = const wchar_t *;
+#else
+    using char_type = char;
+    using args_type = const char **;
+#endif
+
+    shell() = default;
+
+    template<typename Char, typename Traits>
+    shell(basic_string_view<Char, Traits> input) 
+        : buffer_(detail::conv_string<char_type>(input.data(), input.size())) 
+    {
+        parse_();
+    }
+
+    shell(basic_cstring_ref<char_type> input) : input_(input) {parse_();}
+    shell(basic_string_view<
+                    typename std::conditional<
+                        std::is_same<char_type, char>::value,
+                        wchar_t, char>::type> input) : buffer_(detail::conv_string<char_type>(input.data(), input.size())) 
+    {
+        parse_();
+    }
+
+    shell(const shell &) = delete;
+    shell& operator=(const shell &) = delete;
+
+    shell(shell && lhs) noexcept 
+        : buffer_(std::move(lhs.buffer_)),
+          input_(std::move(lhs.input_)),
+          argc_(boost::exchange(lhs.argc_, 0)),
+          argv_(boost::exchange(lhs.argv_, nullptr)),
+          reserved_(boost::exchange(lhs.reserved_, 0))  
+    {
+    }
+    shell& operator=(shell && lhs) noexcept
+    {
+        shell tmp(std::move(*this));
+        buffer_ = std::move(lhs.buffer_);
+        input_ = std::move(lhs.input_);
+        argc_  = boost::exchange(lhs.argc_, 0);
+        argv_ = boost::exchange(lhs.argv_, nullptr);
+        reserved_ = boost::exchange(lhs.reserved_, 0);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // the length of the parsed shell, including the executable
+    int argc() const { return argc_; }
+    char_type** argv() const { return argv_; }
+        
+    char_type** begin() const {return argv();}
+    char_type** end()   const {return argv() + argc();}
+
+    bool empty() const {return argc() == 0;}
+    std::size_t size() const {return static_cast<std::size_t>(argc()); }
+    /// Native representation of the arguments to be used - excluding the executable
+    BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL args_type args() const;
+    template<typename Environment = environment::current_view>
+    filesystem::path exe(Environment && env = environment::current()) const
+    {
+        if (argc() == 0)
+            return "";
+        else
+            return environment::find_executable(0[argv()], std::forward<Environment>(env)); 
+    }
+    BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL ~shell();
+
+  private:
+    BOOST_PROCESS_V2_DECL void parse_();
+    
+    // storage in case we need a conversion
+    std::basic_string<char_type> buffer_;
+    basic_cstring_ref<char_type> input_{buffer_}; 
+    // impl details
+    int argc_ = 0;
+    char_type  ** argv_ = nullptr;
+    int reserved_ = 0;
+    
+};
+
+BOOST_PROCESS_V2_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_HEADER_ONLY)
+
+#include <boost/process/v2/impl/shell.ipp>
+
+#endif
+
+#endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ERROR_HPP

include/boost/process/v2/src.hpp

@@ -22,5 +22,6 @@
 #include <boost/process/v2/impl/default_launcher.ipp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/impl/environment.ipp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/impl/process_handle.ipp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/impl/shell.ipp>
 
 #endif //BOOST_PROCESS_V2_SRC_HPP

include/boost/process/v2/stdio.hpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 #include <boost/process/v2/detail/config.hpp>
 #include <boost/process/v2/default_launcher.hpp>
-
+#include <cstddef>
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_STANDALONE)
 #include <asio/connect_pipe.hpp>
 #else
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ struct handle_closer
   DWORD flags{0xFFFFFFFFu};
 };
 
-template<DWORD Io>
+template<DWORD Target>
 struct process_io_binding
 {
   HANDLE prepare()
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ struct process_io_binding
     return hh;
   }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer> h{::GetStdHandle(Io), false};
+  std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer> h{::GetStdHandle(Target), false};
 
   static DWORD get_flags(HANDLE h)
   {
@@ -82,10 +82,11 @@ struct process_io_binding
   process_io_binding(FILE * f) : process_io_binding(_get_osfhandle(_fileno(f))) {}
   process_io_binding(HANDLE h) : h{h, get_flags(h)} {}
   process_io_binding(std::nullptr_t) : process_io_binding(filesystem::path("NUL")) {}
-  process_io_binding(const filesystem::path & pth)
+  template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, filesystem::path>::value>::type>
+  process_io_binding(const T & pth)
     : h(::CreateFileW(
         pth.c_str(),
-        Io == STD_INPUT_HANDLE ? GENERIC_READ : GENERIC_WRITE,
+        Target == STD_INPUT_HANDLE ? GENERIC_READ : GENERIC_WRITE,
         FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
         nullptr,
         OPEN_ALWAYS,
@@ -101,11 +102,13 @@ struct process_io_binding
                      typename std::enable_if<Target != STD_INPUT_HANDLE, Executor*>::type = 0)
   {
     BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
+    error_code ec;
     BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
     if (ec)
-      return ;
+      detail::throw_error(ec, "create_pipe");
+      
     h = std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer>{p[1], true};
-    readable_pipe.assign(p[0], ec);
+    readable_pipe.assign(p[0]);
   }
 
 
@@ -114,11 +117,13 @@ struct process_io_binding
                      typename std::enable_if<Target == STD_INPUT_HANDLE, Executor*>::type = 0)
   {
     BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::detail::native_pipe_handle p[2];
+    error_code ec;
     BOOST_PROCESS_V2_ASIO_NAMESPACE::detail::create_pipe(p, ec);
     if (ec)
-      return ;
+      detail::throw_error(ec, "create_pipe");
+
     h = std::unique_ptr<void, handle_closer>{p[0], true};
-    writable_pipe.assign(p[1], ec);
+    writable_pipe.assign(p[1]);
   }
 };
 
@@ -289,11 +294,6 @@ struct process_stdio
     if (::dup2(err.fd, err.target) == -1)
       return error_code(errno, system_category());
 
-        
-    launcher.fd_whitelist.push_back(STDIN_FILENO);
-    launcher.fd_whitelist.push_back(STDOUT_FILENO);
-    launcher.fd_whitelist.push_back(STDERR_FILENO);
-
     return error_code {};
   };
 #endif

include/boost/process/v2/windows/default_launcher.hpp

@@ -398,6 +398,11 @@ struct default_launcher
     return build_command_line_impl(pt, args, *std::begin(args));
   }
 
+  static std::wstring build_command_line(const filesystem::path & pt, const wchar_t * args)
+  {
+    return args;
+  }
+
 };
 
 

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ enable_testing()
 
 
 add_executable(boost_process_sparring_partner sparring_partner.cpp )
-target_link_libraries(boost_process_sparring_partner Boost::program_options Boost::filesystem Boost::iostreams)
+target_link_libraries(boost_process_sparring_partner Boost::process Boost::lambda Boost::program_options Boost::filesystem Boost::iostreams)
 
 add_executable(boost_process_exit_argc exit_argc.cpp)
 
 add_executable(boost_process_sub_launch sub_launcher.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(boost_process_sub_launch Boost::program_options Boost::filesystem Boost::iostreams Boost::system)
+target_link_libraries(boost_process_sub_launch Boost::process Boost::program_options Boost::filesystem Boost::iostreams Boost::system)
 
 function(process_standalone_test name )
     add_executable(boost_process_${name} ${name}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::system Boost::filesystem)
+    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::process Boost::system Boost::filesystem Boost::unit_test_framework)
     add_test(NAME boost_process_${name} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_${name}> )
 endfunction()
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ process_standalone_test(pipe)
 
 function(process_sub_launch_test name )
     add_executable(boost_process_${name} ${name}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::system Boost::filesystem Boost::thread)
+    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::process Boost::system Boost::filesystem Boost::thread Boost::unit_test_framework)
     add_test(NAME boost_process_${name} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_${name}> $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_sub_launch> )
 endfunction()
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ process_sub_launch_test(group_wait)
 
 function(process_sparring_partner_launch name )
     add_executable(boost_process_${name} ${name}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::system Boost::filesystem Boost::thread)
+    target_link_libraries(boost_process_${name} Boost::process Boost::system Boost::filesystem Boost::thread Boost::unit_test_framework Boost::program_options)
     add_test(NAME boost_process_${name} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_${name}> $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_sparring_partner> )
 endfunction()
 
@@ -70,7 +70,11 @@ process_sparring_partner_launch(wait_for)
 process_sparring_partner_launch(on_exit)
 process_sparring_partner_launch(on_exit2)
 process_sparring_partner_launch(on_exit3)
-process_sparring_partner_launch(posix_specific)
-process_sparring_partner_launch(windows_specific)
+
+if(WIN32)
+    process_sparring_partner_launch(windows_specific)
+else()
+    process_sparring_partner_launch(posix_specific)
+endif()
 
 add_subdirectory(v2)

test/error.cpp

@@ -113,3 +113,17 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ignore_error)
         BOOST_CHECK_NO_THROW(bp::child c("doesnt-exit", bp::ignore_error));
     }
 }
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(not_found)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        bp::child c("doesnt-exit");
+        BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, "Should throw");
+    }
+    catch( bp::process_error & se)
+    {
+        BOOST_CHECK(se.code());
+    }
+}

test/v2/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 enable_testing()
 
 add_library(boost_process_v2_test_impl test_impl.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_test_impl Boost::unit_test_framework Boost::process)
+target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_test_impl Boost::process Boost::unit_test_framework Boost::process)
 target_compile_definitions(boost_process_v2_test_impl PUBLIC -DBOOST_PROCESS_V2_SEPARATE_COMPILATION=1)
-target_include_directories(boost_process_v2_test_impl PUBLIC ../../include)
+
 
 function(boost_process_v2_standalone_test name)
     add_executable(boost_process_v2_${name} ${name}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_${name} Boost::system Boost::filesystem boost_process_v2_test_impl)
+    target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_${name} Boost::process Boost::system Boost::filesystem boost_process_v2_test_impl)
     add_test(NAME boost_process_v2_${name} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_v2_${name}> )
 endfunction()
 
@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@ boost_process_v2_standalone_test(utf8)
 boost_process_v2_standalone_test(cstring_ref)
 boost_process_v2_standalone_test(pid)
 boost_process_v2_standalone_test(environment)
+boost_process_v2_standalone_test(shell)
 
 add_library(boost_process_v2_header_test header_1.cpp header_2.cpp)
-
+target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_header_test PUBLIC Boost::process)
 add_executable(boost_process_v2_test_target target.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_test_target PUBLIC Boost::system)
-target_include_directories(boost_process_v2_test_target PUBLIC ../../../..)
+target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_test_target PUBLIC Boost::process Boost::system)
 
 function(boost_process_v2_test_with_target name)
     add_executable(boost_process_v2_${name} ${name}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_${name} Boost::system Boost::filesystem boost_process_v2_test_impl)
+    target_link_libraries(boost_process_v2_${name} Boost::process Boost::system Boost::filesystem boost_process_v2_test_impl)
     add_dependencies(boost_process_v2_${name} boost_process_v2_test_target)
     add_test(NAME boost_process_v2_${name} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_v2_${name}>
                                                 -- $<TARGET_FILE:boost_process_v2_test_target>)

test/v2/Jamfile.jam

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ lib test_impl : test_impl.cpp filesystem :
         <link>static
         <target-os>windows:<source>shell32
         <target-os>windows:<source>user32
+        <target-os>windows:<source>Ntdll
         ;
 
 test-suite standalone :
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ test-suite standalone :
     [ run cstring_ref.cpp test_impl ]
     [ run environment.cpp test_impl ]
     [ run pid.cpp test_impl ]
+    [ run shell.cpp test_impl ]
     ;
 
 test-suite with_target :

test/v2/environment.cpp

@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(environment)
 #else
     std::unordered_map<std::wstring, std::wstring> custom_env = 
         {
-            L"HOME", L"/home/byzantium",
-            L"HOMEDRIVE", L"X:",
-            L"HOMEPATH", L"\\users\\theodora"
+            {L"HOME", L"/home/byzantium"},
+            {L"HOMEDRIVE", L"X:"},
+            {L"HOMEPATH", L"\\users\\theodora"}
         };
 
     std::vector<std::wstring> custom_env2 = 
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(environment)
             {L"HOMEDRIVE=X:"},
             {L"HOMEPATH=\\users\\theodora"}
         };
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(bpe::home(custom_env), L"X:\\Users\\theodora");
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(bpe::home(custom_env2), L"X:\\Users\\theodora");
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(bpe::home(custom_env), "X:\\users\\theodora");
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(bpe::home(custom_env2), "X:\\users\\theodora");
 
 #endif
 

test/v2/pid.cpp

@@ -12,4 +12,8 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_pid)
 {
     namespace bp2 = boost::process::v2;
     BOOST_CHECK_NE(bp2::current_pid(), static_cast<bp2::pid_type>(0));
+
+    auto all = bp2::all_pids();
+    auto itr = std::find(all.begin(), all.end(), bp2::current_pid());
+    BOOST_CHECK(itr != all.end());
 }

test/v2/process.cpp

@@ -149,6 +149,8 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(terminate)
   
   BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(!sh.empty(), sh);
   bpv::process proc(ctx, sh, {});
+  proc.suspend();
+  proc.resume();
   proc.terminate();
   proc.wait();
 }
@@ -164,6 +166,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(request_exit)
     , asio::windows::show_window_minimized_not_active
 #endif
     );
+  BOOST_CHECK(proc.running());
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(250));
   proc.request_exit();
   proc.wait();
@@ -188,6 +191,8 @@ void trim_end(std::string & str)
 {
     auto itr = std::find_if(str.rbegin(), str.rend(), &std::char_traits<char>::not_eof);
     str.erase(itr.base(), str.end());
+    if (!str.empty() && str.back() == '\r')
+      str.pop_back();
 }
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(print_args_out)
@@ -356,16 +361,16 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(popen)
     // default CWD
     bpv::popen proc(ctx, pth, {"echo"});
 
-    asio::write(proc, asio::buffer("FOOBAR"));
-
+    auto written = asio::write(proc, asio::buffer("FOOBAR"));
     proc.get_stdin().close();
 
     std::string res;
     boost::system::error_code ec;
     std::size_t n = asio::read(proc, asio::dynamic_buffer(res), ec);
-    res.resize(n - 1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ec, asio::error::eof);
+    BOOST_CHECK(ec == asio::error::eof || ec == asio::error::broken_pipe);
+    BOOST_REQUIRE_GE(n, 1);
     // remove EOF
+    res.pop_back();
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(res, "FOOBAR");
 
     proc.wait();
@@ -429,7 +434,7 @@ std::string read_env(const char * name, Inits && ... inits)
   BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE((ec == asio::error::broken_pipe) || (ec == asio::error::eof), ec.message());
   out.resize(sz);
   trim_end(out);
-  printf("Read env (%ld) %s: '%s'\n", sz, name, out.c_str());
+  printf("Read env (%ld) %s: '%s'\n", static_cast<long>(sz), name, out.c_str());
 
   proc.wait();
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(proc.exit_code(), 0);
@@ -449,12 +454,12 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(environment)
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("FOO-BAR", read_env("FOOBAR", bpv::process_environment{sub_env}));
   
   sub_env.push_back("XYZ=ZYX");
-  auto itr = std::find_if(sub_env.begin(), sub_env.end(), [](const bpv::environment::key_value_pair & kv) {return kv.key() == "PATH";});
+  auto itr = std::find_if(sub_env.begin(), sub_env.end(), [](const bpv::environment::key_value_pair & kv) {return kv.key() == bpv::environment::key("PATH");});
   path += static_cast<char>(bpv::environment::delimiter);
   path += "/bar/foo";
   bpv::environment::value pval = itr->value();
   pval.push_back("/bar/foo");
-  *itr = bpv::environment::key_value_pair("PATH", pval);
+  *itr = bpv::environment::key_value_pair(bpv::environment::key("PATH"), pval);
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(path, read_env("PATH", bpv::process_environment{sub_env}));
 
 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
@@ -462,12 +467,13 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(environment)
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL("FOO-BAR", read_env("FOOBAR", bpv::process_environment{L"FOOBAR=FOO-BAR", wpath.c_str()}));
   wpath += bpv::environment::delimiter;
   wpath += L"C:\\bar\\foo";
-  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(wpath.substr(5), read_env("pATH",   bpv::process_environment{wpath.c_str(), std::wstring(L"XYZ=ZYX")}));
+  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(
+    bpv::detail::conv_string<char>(wpath.c_str() + 5, wpath.size() - 5)
+    , read_env("pATH",   bpv::process_environment{wpath.c_str(), std::wstring(L"XYZ=ZYX")}));
 #endif
 
   BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(read_env("PATH", bpv::process_environment(bpv::environment::current())), ::getenv("PATH"));
 }
 
-
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END();
 

test/v2/shell.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 Klemens D. Morgenstern
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+// Disable autolinking for unit tests.
+#if !defined(BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB)
+#define BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB 1
+#endif // !defined(BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB)
+
+// Test that header file is self-contained.
+#include <boost/process/v2/shell.hpp>
+#include <boost/process/v2/process.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/io_context.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_WINDOWS)
+    #define STR(Value) L##Value
+    #define STR_VIEW(Value) boost::process::v2::wcstring_ref(STR(Value))
+#else
+    #define STR(Value) Value
+    #define STR_VIEW(Value) boost::process::v2::cstring_ref(STR(Value))
+#endif
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_shell_parser)
+{
+    using boost::process::v2::shell;
+    namespace bpv = boost::process::v2;
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_POSIX)
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(shell("foo \""), bpv::system_error);
+#endif
+
+    auto sh = shell(STR("foo bar \"foo bar\""));   
+    BOOST_CHECK(sh.argc() == 3u);
+    BOOST_CHECK(sh.argv()[0] == STR_VIEW("foo"));
+    BOOST_CHECK(sh.argv()[1] == STR_VIEW("bar"));
+    BOOST_CHECK(sh.argv()[2] == STR_VIEW("foo bar"));
+
+#if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_V2_POSIX)
+    auto raw_shell = "sh -c false";
+#else
+    auto raw_shell = "cmd /c exit 1";
+#endif
+    sh = shell(raw_shell);
+
+    auto exe = sh.exe();
+    BOOST_CHECK(bpv::filesystem::exists(exe));
+
+    boost::asio::io_context ctx;
+    bpv::process proc{ctx, exe, sh.args()};
+
+    proc.wait();
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(proc.exit_code(), 1);
+}

test/v2/windows.cpp

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(creation_flags)
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(proc.wait() & ~EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT, 0);
 
     proc = bpv::process{ctx, master_test_suite().argv[1], {"creation-flags"}, bpv::windows::process_creation_flags<STARTF_TITLEISAPPID>()};
-    BOOST_CHECK(proc);
+    BOOST_CHECK(proc.running());
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(proc.wait() & ~EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT, STARTF_TITLEISAPPID);
 }