Add an intial sketch of a memoization system.

all time -- the quoted string.

doc/parser.qbk

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 [import ../example/user_error_handler.cpp]
 [import ../test/parser.cpp]
 [import ../test/parser_rule.cpp]
+[import ../test/parser_quoted_string.cpp]
 
 [import ../include/boost/parser/concepts.hpp]
 [import ../include/boost/parser/error_handling_fwd.hpp]
@@ -218,6 +219,8 @@
 [def _lower_               [globalref boost::parser::lower `lower`]]
 [def _upper_               [globalref boost::parser::upper `upper`]]
 
+[def _quot_str_            [globalref boost::parser::quoted_string `quoted_string`]]
+
 [def _RES_                 ['[^RESOLVE]]`()`]
 [def _RES_np_              ['[^RESOLVE]]]
 [def _ATTR_                ['[^ATTR]]`()`]

doc/tables.qbk

@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ itself be used as a parser; it must be called.  In the table below:
 
 * `p`, `p1`, `p2`, ... are parsers.
 
+* `escapes` is a _symbols_t_ object, where `T` is `char` or `char32_t`.
+
 [note The definition of `parsable_range_like` is:
 
 [parsable_range_like_concept]
@@ -326,6 +328,31 @@ the input they match unless otherwise stated in the table below.]
      [ _symbols_ is an associative container of key, value pairs.  Each key is a _std_str_ and each value has type `T`.  In the Unicode parsing path, the strings are considered to be UTF-8 encoded; in the non-Unicode path, no encoding is assumed.  _symbols_ Matches the longest prefix `pre` of the input that is equal to one of the keys `k`.  If the length `len` of `pre` is zero, and there is no zero-length key, it does not match the input.  If `len` is positive, the generated attribute is the value associated with `k`.]
      [ `T` ]
      [ Unlike the other entries in this table, _symbols_ is a type, not an object. ]]
+
+    [[ _quot_str_ ]
+     [ Matches `'"'`, followed by zero or more characters, followed by `'"'`. ]
+     [ _std_str_ ]
+     [ The result does not include the quotes.  A quote within the string can be written by escaping it with a backslash.  A backslash within the string can be written by writing two consecutive backslashes.  Any other use of a backslash will fail the parse.  Skipping is disabled while parsing the entire string, as if using _lexeme_. ]]
+
+    [[ `_quot_str_(c)` ]
+     [ Matches `c`, followed by zero or more characters, followed by `c`. ]
+     [ _std_str_ ]
+     [ The result does not include the `c` quotes.  A `c` within the string can be written by escaping it with a backslash.  A backslash within the string can be written by writing two consecutive backslashes.  Any other use of a backslash will fail the parse.  Skipping is disabled while parsing the entire string, as if using _lexeme_. ]]
+
+    [[ `_quot_str_(r)` ]
+     [ Matches some character `Q` in `r`, followed by zero or more characters, followed by `Q`. ]
+     [ _std_str_ ]
+     [ The result does not include the `Q` quotes.  A `Q` within the string can be written by escaping it with a backslash.  A backslash within the string can be written by writing two consecutive backslashes.  Any other use of a backslash will fail the parse.  Skipping is disabled while parsing the entire string, as if using _lexeme_. ]]
+
+    [[ `_quot_str_(c, symbols)` ]
+     [ Matches `c`, followed by zero or more characters, followed by `c`. ]
+     [ _std_str_ ]
+     [ The result does not include the `c` quotes.  A `c` within the string can be written by escaping it with a backslash.  A backslash within the string can be written by writing two consecutive backslashes.  A backslash followed by a successful match using `symbols` will be interpreted as the corresponding value produced by `symbols`.  Any other use of a backslash will fail the parse.  Skipping is disabled while parsing the entire string, as if using _lexeme_. ]]
+
+    [[ `_quot_str_(r, symbols)` ]
+     [ Matches some character `Q` in `r`, followed by zero or more characters, followed by `Q`. ]
+     [ _std_str_ ]
+     [ The result does not include the `Q` quotes.  A `Q` within the string can be written by escaping it with a backslash.  A backslash within the string can be written by writing two consecutive backslashes.  A backslash followed by a successful match using `symbols` will be interpreted as the corresponding value produced by `symbols`.  Any other use of a backslash will fail the parse.  Skipping is disabled while parsing the entire string, as if using _lexeme_. ]]
 ]
 
 [important All the character parsers, like _ch_, _cp_ and _cu_ produce either

doc/tutorial.qbk

@@ -738,6 +738,106 @@ no sense.
 
 [endsect]
 
+[section Alternative Parsers]
+
+Frequently, you need to parse something that might have one of several forms.
+`operator|` is overloaded to form alternative parsers.  For example:
+
+    namespace bp = boost::parser;
+    auto const parser_1 = bp::int_ | bp::eps;
+
+`parser_1` matches an integer, or if that fails, it matches /epsilon/, the
+empty string.  This is equivalent to writing:
+
+    namespace bp = boost::parser;
+    auto const parser_2 = -bp::int_;
+
+However, neither `parser_1` nor `parser_2` is equivalent to writing this:
+
+    namespace bp = boost::parser;
+    auto const parser_3 = bp::eps | bp::int_; // Does not do what you think.
+
+The reason is that alternative parsers try each of their subparsers, one at a
+time, and stop on the first one that matches.  /Epsilon/ matches anything,
+since it is zero length and consumes no input.  It even matches the end of
+input.  This means that `parser_3` is equivalent to _e_ by itself.
+
+[note For this reason, writing `_e_ | p` for any parser p is considered a bug.
+Debug builds will assert when `_e_ | p` is encountered. ]
+
+[warning This kind of error is very common when _e_ is involved, and also very
+easy to detect.  However, it is possible to write `P1 >> P2`, where `P1` is a
+prefix of `P2`, such as `int_ | int >> int_`, or `repeat(4)[hex_digit] |
+repeat(8)[hex_digit]`.  This is almost certainly an error, but is impossible
+to detect in the general case _emdash_ remember that _rs_ can be separately
+compiled, and consider a pair of rules whose associated `_def` parsers are
+`int_` and `int_ >> int_`, respectively.]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Parsing Quoted Strings]
+
+It is very common to need to parse quoted strings.  Quoted strings are
+slightly tricky, though, when using a skipper (and you should be using a
+skipper 99% of the time).  You don't want to allow arbitrary whitespace in the
+middle of your strings, and you also don't want to remove all whitespace from
+your strings.  Both of these things will happen with the typical skipper,
+_ws_.
+
+So, here is how most people would write a quoted string parser:
+
+    namespace bp = boost::parser;
+    const auto string = bp::lexeme['"' >> *(bp::char_ - '"') > '"'];
+
+Some things to note:
+
+* the result is a string;
+
+* the quotes are not included in the result;
+
+* there is an expectation point before the close-quote;
+
+* the use of _lexeme_ disables skipping in the parser, and it must be written
+  around the quotes, not around the `operator*` expression; and
+
+* there's no way to write a quote in the middle of the string.
+
+This is a very common pattern.  I have written a quoted string parser like
+this dozens of times.  The parser above is the quick-and-dirty version.  A
+more robust version would be able to handle escaped quotes within the string,
+and then would immediately also need to support escaped escape characters.
+
+_Parser_ provides _quot_str_ to use in place of this very common pattern.  It
+supports quote- and escaped-character-escaping, using backslash as the escape
+character.
+
+[quoted_string_example_1_2]
+
+As common as this use case is, there are very similar use cases that it does
+not cover.  So, _quot_str_ has some options.  If you call it with a single
+character, it returns a _quot_str_ that uses that single character as the
+quote-character.
+
+[quoted_string_example_3]
+
+You can also supply a range of characters.  One of the characters from the
+range must quote the whole string; mismatches are not allowed.  Think of how
+Python allows you to quote a string with either `'"'` or `'\''`, but the same
+character must be used on both sides.
+
+[quoted_string_example_4]
+
+Another common thing to do in a quoted string parser is to recognize escape
+sequences.  If you have simple escape sequencecs that do not require any real
+parsing, like say the simple escape sequences from C++, you can provide a
+_symbols_ object as well.  The template parameter `T` to _symbols_t_ must be
+`char` or `char32_t`.  You don't need to include the escaped backslash or the
+escaped quote character, since those always work.
+
+[quoted_string_example_5]
+
+[endsect]
+
 [section Parsing In Detail]
 
 Now that you've seen some examples, let's see how parsing works in a bit more
@@ -1052,43 +1152,6 @@ for more information.]
 
 [endsect]
 
-[section Alternative Parsers]
-
-Frequently, you need to parse something that might have one of several forms.
-`operator|` is overloaded to form alternative parsers.  For example:
-
-    namespace bp = boost::parser;
-    auto const parser_1 = bp::int_ | bp::eps;
-
-`parser_1` matches an integer, or if that fails, it matches /epsilon/, the
-empty string.  This is equivalent to writing:
-
-    namespace bp = boost::parser;
-    auto const parser_2 = -bp::int_;
-
-However, neither `parser_1` nor `parser_2` is equivalent to writing this:
-
-    namespace bp = boost::parser;
-    auto const parser_3 = bp::eps | bp::int_; // Does not do what you think.
-
-The reason is that alternative parsers try each of their subparsers, one at a
-time, and stop on the first one that matches.  /Epsilon/ matches anything,
-since it is zero length and consumes no input.  It even matches the end of
-input.  This means that `parser_3` is equivalent to _e_ by itself.
-
-[note For this reason, writing `_e_ | p` for any parser p is considered a bug.
-Debug builds will assert when `_e_ | p` is encountered. ]
-
-[warning This kind of error is very common when _e_ is involved, and also very
-easy to detect.  However, it is possible to write `P1 >> P2`, where `P1` is a
-prefix of `P2`, such as `int_ | int >> int_`, or `repeat(4)[hex_digit] |
-repeat(8)[hex_digit]`.  This is almost certainly an error, but is impossible
-to detect in the general case _emdash_ remember that _rs_ can be separately
-compiled, and consider a pair of rules whose associated `_def` parsers are
-`int_` and `int_ >> int_`, respectively.]
-
-[endsect]
-
 [section The Parsers And Their Uses]
 
 _Parser_ comes with all the parsers most parsing tasks will ever need.  Each

include/boost/parser/concepts.hpp

@@ -51,14 +51,16 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
         typename S,
         typename ErrorHandler,
         typename GlobalState>
-    using minimal_parse_context = decltype(detail::make_context<false, false>(
-        std::declval<I>(),
-        std::declval<S>(),
-        std::declval<bool &>(),
-        std::declval<int &>(),
-        std::declval<ErrorHandler const &>(),
-        std::declval<detail::nope &>(),
-        std::declval<detail::symbol_table_tries_t &>()));
+    using minimal_parse_context =
+        decltype(detail::make_context<false, false>(
+            std::declval<I>(),
+            std::declval<S>(),
+            std::declval<bool &>(),
+            std::declval<int &>(),
+            std::declval<ErrorHandler const &>(),
+            std::declval<detail::nope &>(),
+            std::declval<detail::symbol_table_tries_t &>(),
+            std::declval<detail::nope &>()));
 
     template<typename T, typename I, typename S, typename GlobalState>
     concept error_handler =

include/boost/parser/detail/counted_iterator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef BOOST_PARSER_DETAIL_COUNTED_ITERATOR_HPP
+#define BOOST_PARSER_DETAIL_COUNTED_ITERATOR_HPP
+
+#include <boost/parser/detail/stl_interfaces/iterator_interface.hpp>
+
+
+namespace boost::parser::detail {
+
+    template<typename I, typename S>
+    struct counted_iterator
+        : stl_interfaces::iterator_interface<
+              counted_iterator<I, S>,
+              std::forward_iterator_tag,
+              std::remove_cv_t<
+                  std::remove_reference_t<decltype(*std::declval<I>())>>,
+              decltype(*std::declval<I>())>
+    {
+        constexpr counted_iterator() = default;
+        constexpr explicit counted_iterator(I & it) : it_(it) {}
+
+        constexpr size_t count() const { return count_; }
+        constexpr bool operator==(S last) const { return it_ == last; }
+        constexpr I base() const { return it_; }
+
+        constexpr counted_iterator & operator++()
+        {
+            ++it_;
+            ++count_;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        friend stl_interfaces::access;
+
+        constexpr I & base_reference() { return it_; }
+        constexpr I base_reference() const { return it_; }
+
+        I it_ = I();
+        size_t count_ = 0;
+    };
+    //
+}
+
+#endif

include/boost/parser/detail/memos.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+#ifndef BOOST_PARSER_DETAIL_MEMOS_HPP
+#define BOOST_PARSER_DETAIL_MEMOS_HPP
+
+#if __has_include(<boost/unordered/unordered_flat_map.hpp>)
+#include <boost/unordered/unordered_flat_map.hpp>
+#define BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP 1
+#define BOOST_PARSER_MEMO_NS boost_unordered_flat_map
+#else
+#define BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP 0
+#define BOOST_PARSER_MEMO_NS std_containers
+#endif
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <variant> // monostate
+#include <vector>
+
+
+namespace boost::parser::detail {
+
+    inline constexpr unsigned int next_pot(unsigned int i)
+    {
+        --i;
+        i |= i >> 1;
+        i |= i >> 2;
+        i |= i >> 4;
+        i |= i >> 8;
+        i |= i >> 16;
+        return ++i;
+    }
+
+    template<int Size, int Align>
+    struct trivial_type
+    {};
+    template<typename T>
+    using trivial_type_for = trivial_type<sizeof(T), alignof(T)>;
+
+    template<typename T, int N>
+    struct list_node
+    {
+        list_node() = default;
+        list_node(list_node * n) : next(n) {}
+        ~list_node()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+                void * pos = buf + i * sizeof(T);
+                T * obj = static_cast<T *>(pos);
+                obj->~T();
+            }
+        }
+        void * push() { return buf + size++ * sizeof(T); }
+        void * get(int n) { return buf + n * sizeof(T); }
+        alignas(T[N]) std::byte buf[sizeof(T[N])];
+        list_node * next = nullptr;
+        int size = 0;
+    };
+
+    template<int Size, int Align, int N>
+    struct list_node<trivial_type<Size, Align>, N>
+    {
+        list_node() = default;
+        list_node(list_node * n) : next(n) {}
+        ~list_node() {}
+        void * push() { return buf + size++ * Size; }
+        void * get(int n) { return buf + n * Size; }
+        alignas(Align) std::byte buf[Size * N];
+        list_node * next = nullptr;
+        int size = 0;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T, int N>
+    struct linked_list
+    {
+        using list_node_type = list_node<T, N>;
+
+        linked_list() = default;
+        linked_list(linked_list const &) = delete;
+        linked_list & operator=(linked_list const &) = delete;
+        ~linked_list()
+        {
+            while (head_) {
+                auto * node = head_;
+                head_ = head_->next;
+                delete node;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // The bool indicates whether placement new is required.
+        std::pair<void *, bool> push()
+        {
+            if (next_.node) {
+                if (next_.idx == next_.node->size) {
+                    next_.node = next_.node->next;
+                    next_.idx = 0;
+                }
+                if (next_.node && next_.idx < next_.node->size)
+                    return {next_.node->get(next_.idx++), false};
+            }
+
+            if (!head_)
+                head_ = new list_node_type();
+            else if (head_->size == N)
+                head_ = new list_node_type(head_);
+            return {head_->push(), true};
+        }
+
+        void reclaim() { next_ = {head_, 0}; }
+
+    private:
+        struct position
+        {
+            list_node_type * node = nullptr;
+            int idx = 0;
+        };
+        list_node_type * head_ = nullptr;
+        position next_{};
+    };
+
+    // http://jonkagstrom.com/mx3/mx3_rev2.html
+    inline size_t hash_mix(size_t x)
+    {
+        size_t const m = 0xe9846af9b1a615d;
+        x ^= x >> 32;
+        x *= m;
+        x ^= x >> 32;
+        x *= m;
+        x ^= x >> 28;
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    inline size_t hash_combine(size_t seed) { return seed; }
+    template<typename T, typename... Ts>
+    size_t hash_combine(size_t seed, T const & x, Ts const &... xs)
+    {
+        auto next_seed =
+            detail::hash_mix(seed + 0x9e3779b9 + std::hash<T>{}(x));
+        return detail::hash_combine(next_seed, xs...);
+    }
+
+    struct memo_items_base
+    {
+        memo_items_base(size_t id_token)
+#if !BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+            :
+            id_token_(id_token)
+#endif
+        {}
+        virtual ~memo_items_base() = 0;
+        virtual std::pair<void *, bool> new_item() = 0;
+        virtual void reclaim() = 0;
+#if !BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+        size_t const id_token_ = 0;
+#endif
+    };
+
+    inline memo_items_base::~memo_items_base() {}
+
+    inline constexpr size_t max_tidy_bytes = 16; // TODO: Tune.
+
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr bool tidy = std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T> &&
+                              std::is_trivially_destructible_v<T> &&
+                          sizeof(T) < max_tidy_bytes;
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr bool fat = 256 < sizeof(T);
+
+    template<typename T, bool Fat = fat<T>>
+    struct memo_items_impl : memo_items_base
+    {
+        memo_items_impl() : memo_items_base(typeid(T).hash_code()) {}
+
+        virtual ~memo_items_impl() = default;
+
+        virtual std::pair<void *, bool> new_item() { return list_.push(); }
+        virtual void reclaim() { list_.reclaim(); }
+
+    private:
+        linked_list<T, 16> list_; // TODO: Try with other values of N too.
+    };
+
+    template<int Size, int Align, bool Fat>
+    struct memo_items_impl<trivial_type<Size, Align>, Fat> : memo_items_base
+    {
+        memo_items_impl() :
+            memo_items_base(typeid(trivial_type<Size, Align>).hash_code())
+        {}
+
+        virtual ~memo_items_impl() = default;
+
+        virtual std::pair<void *, bool> new_item() { return list_.push(); }
+        virtual void reclaim() { list_.reclaim(); }
+
+    private:
+        linked_list<trivial_type<Size, Align>, 64> list_;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct memo_items_impl<T, true> : memo_items_base
+    {
+        memo_items_impl() : memo_items_base(typeid(T).hash_code()) {}
+
+        virtual ~memo_items_impl() = default;
+
+        virtual std::pair<void *, bool> new_item() { return list_.push(); }
+        virtual void reclaim() { list_.reclaim(); }
+
+    private:
+        linked_list<T, 1> list_;
+    };
+
+    struct identity
+    {
+        template<typename T>
+        constexpr decltype(auto) operator()(T && x) const
+        {
+            return (T &&) x;
+        }
+    };
+
+    inline namespace BOOST_PARSER_MEMO_NS {
+
+        template<
+            typename Key,
+            typename OtherDatum = std::monostate,
+            typename Proj = identity>
+        struct memos
+        {
+            memos() = default;
+            explicit memos(Proj proj) : proj_(std::move(proj)) {}
+            ~memos()
+            {
+#if BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+                for (auto [key, value] : memo_items_) {
+                    delete value;
+                }
+#else
+                for (auto value : memo_items_) {
+                    delete value;
+                }
+#endif
+            }
+
+            enum kind { success, failure };
+
+            template<typename A>
+            struct monostate_ptr_like
+            {
+                monostate_ptr_like() : valid(false) {}
+                explicit monostate_ptr_like(bool v) : valid(v) {}
+                explicit operator bool() const { return valid; }
+                bool operator==(nullptr_t) const { return !valid; }
+                A & operator*() { return value; }
+                A const & operator*() const { return value; }
+                A value = A();
+                bool valid = false;
+                static_assert(std::is_empty_v<A>);
+            };
+
+            template<typename A, bool Empty = std::is_empty_v<A>>
+            struct ref
+            {
+                ref() = default;
+                ref(A * v, OtherDatum * od) : valid(true), value(v), datum(od)
+                {}
+                explicit operator bool() const { return valid; }
+                kind get_kind() const
+                {
+                    return value == nullptr ? failure : success;
+                }
+
+                bool valid = false;
+                A * value = nullptr;
+                OtherDatum * datum = 0;
+            };
+            template<typename A>
+            struct ref<A, true>
+            {
+                ref() = default;
+                ref(A *, OtherDatum * od) : valid(true), value(true), datum(od)
+                {}
+                explicit operator bool() const { return valid; }
+                kind get_kind() const
+                {
+                    return value == nullptr ? failure : success;
+                }
+
+                bool valid = false;
+                monostate_ptr_like<A> value;
+                OtherDatum * datum = 0;
+            };
+
+            template<typename A, bool Empty = std::is_empty_v<A>>
+            struct const_ref
+            {
+                const_ref() = default;
+                const_ref(A const * v, OtherDatum const * od) :
+                    valid(true), value(v), datum(od)
+                {}
+                explicit operator bool() const { return valid; }
+                kind get_kind() const
+                {
+                    return value == nullptr ? failure : success;
+                }
+
+                bool valid = false;
+                A const * value = nullptr;
+                OtherDatum const * datum = 0;
+            };
+            template<typename A>
+            struct const_ref<A, true>
+            {
+                const_ref() = default;
+                const_ref(A const *, OtherDatum const * od) :
+                    valid(true), value(true), datum(od)
+                {}
+                explicit operator bool() const { return valid; }
+                kind get_kind() const
+                {
+                    return value == nullptr ? failure : success;
+                }
+
+                bool valid = false;
+                monostate_ptr_like<A> value;
+                OtherDatum const * datum = 0;
+            };
+
+            template<typename P, typename A, typename... Params>
+            ref<A> insert(kind k, Key key, Params const &... params)
+            {
+                if constexpr (!(std::is_constructible_v<std::hash<Params>> &&
+                                ...)) {
+                    return {};
+                } else {
+                    auto const hash = detail::hash_combine(
+                        proj_(key),
+                        typeid(P).hash_code(),
+                        typeid(A).hash_code(),
+                        std::hash<Params>{}(params)...);
+                    entry & obj_and_other = table_[hash];
+                    if (!obj_and_other.obj && k == success) {
+                        auto const id =
+                            tidy<A> ? typeid(trivial_type_for<A>).hash_code()
+                                    : typeid(A).hash_code();
+                        if (std::is_empty_v<A>) {
+                            obj_and_other = {nullptr, OtherDatum()};
+                        } else {
+#if BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+                            memo_items_base *& items = memo_items_[id];
+                            if (!items) {
+                                if (tidy<A>) {
+                                    items = new memo_items_impl<
+                                        trivial_type_for<A>>;
+                                } else {
+                                    items = new memo_items_impl<A>;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            auto [pos, needs_construction] = items->new_item();
+                            A * obj = needs_construction
+                                          ? new (pos) A()
+                                          : static_cast<A *>(pos);
+                            obj_and_other = {obj, OtherDatum()};
+#else
+                            auto it = std::lower_bound(
+                                memo_items_.begin(),
+                                memo_items_.end(),
+                                id,
+                                [](memo_items_base * base, size_t id) {
+                                    return base->id_token_ < id;
+                                });
+                            if (it == memo_items_.end() ||
+                                (*it)->id_token_ != id) {
+                                if (tidy<A>) {
+                                    it = memo_items_.insert(
+                                        it,
+                                        new memo_items_impl<
+                                            trivial_type_for<A>>);
+                                } else {
+                                    it = memo_items_.insert(
+                                        it, new memo_items_impl<A>);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            auto [pos, needs_construction] = (*it)->new_item();
+                            A * obj = needs_construction
+                                          ? new (pos) A()
+                                          : static_cast<A *>(pos);
+                            obj_and_other = {obj, OtherDatum()};
+#endif
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return {
+                        static_cast<A *>(obj_and_other.obj),
+                        &obj_and_other.datum};
+                }
+            }
+
+            template<typename P, typename A, typename... Params>
+            const_ref<A> find(Key key, Params const &... params) const
+            {
+                if constexpr (!(std::is_constructible_v<std::hash<Params>> &&
+                                ...)) {
+                    return {};
+                } else {
+                    auto const hash = detail::hash_combine(
+                        proj_(key),
+                        typeid(P).hash_code(),
+                        typeid(A).hash_code(),
+                        std::hash<Params>{}(params)...);
+                    auto it = table_.find(hash);
+                    if (it == table_.end()) {
+                        return {};
+                    } else {
+                        return {
+                            static_cast<A const *>(it->second.obj),
+                            &it->second.datum};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            void reclaim()
+            {
+#if BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+                for (auto [key, items] : memo_items_) {
+                    items->reclaim();
+                }
+#else
+                for (auto items : memo_items_) {
+                    items->reclaim();
+                }
+#endif
+                table_.clear();
+            }
+
+            // For testing.
+            size_t item_stores() const { return memo_items_.size(); }
+            size_t items() const { return table_.size(); }
+
+        private:
+            struct entry
+            {
+                void * obj;
+                [[maybe_unused]] OtherDatum datum;
+            };
+
+#if BOOST_PARSER_HAVE_BOOST_UNORDERED_FLAT_MAP
+            boost::unordered_flat_map<size_t, memo_items_base *> memo_items_;
+            boost::unordered_flat_map<size_t, entry> table_;
+#else
+            std::vector<memo_items_base *> memo_items_;
+            std::unordered_map<size_t, entry> table_;
+#endif
+            Proj proj_;
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+#endif

include/boost/parser/detail/printing.hpp

@@ -278,6 +278,13 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser { namespace detail {
         std::ostream & os,
         int components = 0);
 
+    template<typename Context, typename Quotes, typename Escapes>
+    void print_parser(
+        Context const & context,
+        quoted_string_parser<Quotes, Escapes> const & parser,
+        std::ostream & os,
+        int components = 0);
+
     template<typename Context, bool NewlinesOnly, bool NoNewlines>
     void print_parser(
         Context const & context,

include/boost/parser/detail/printing_impl.hpp

@@ -482,8 +482,7 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser { namespace detail {
     template<
         typename Context,
         typename ResolvedExpected,
-        bool Integral = std::is_integral<ResolvedExpected>{},
-        int SizeofExpected = sizeof(ResolvedExpected)>
+        bool Integral = std::is_integral<ResolvedExpected>{}>
     struct print_expected_char_impl
     {
         static void call(
@@ -495,13 +494,17 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser { namespace detail {
         }
     };
 
-    template<typename Context, typename Expected>
-    struct print_expected_char_impl<Context, Expected, true, 4>
+    template<typename Context>
+    struct print_expected_char_impl<Context, char32_t, true>
     {
         static void
-        call(Context const & context, std::ostream & os, Expected expected)
+        call(Context const & context, std::ostream & os, char32_t expected)
         {
-            std::array<char32_t, 1> cps = {{(char32_t)expected}};
+            if (expected == '\'') {
+                os << "'\\''";
+                return;
+            }
+            std::array<char32_t, 1> cps = {{expected}};
             auto const r = cps | text::as_utf8;
             os << "'";
             for (auto c : r) {
@@ -689,6 +692,27 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser { namespace detail {
         os << "\"";
     }
 
+    template<typename Context, typename Quotes, typename Escapes>
+    void print_parser(
+        Context const & context,
+        quoted_string_parser<Quotes, Escapes> const & parser,
+        std::ostream & os,
+        int components)
+    {
+        os << "quoted_string(";
+        if constexpr (is_nope_v<Quotes>) {
+            detail::print_expected_char_impl<Context, char32_t>::call(
+                context, os, parser.ch_);
+        } else {
+            os << '"';
+            for (auto c : parser.chs_ | text::as_utf8) {
+                detail::print_char(os, c);
+            }
+            os << '"';
+        }
+        os << ')';
+    }
+
     template<typename Context, bool NewlinesOnly, bool NoNewlines>
     void print_parser(
         Context const & context,

include/boost/parser/parser_fwd.hpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <boost/parser/config.hpp>
 #include <boost/parser/error_handling_fwd.hpp>
+#include <boost/parser/detail/memos.hpp>
 
 #include <any>
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -79,7 +80,8 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
             bool UseCallbacks,
             typename Iter,
             typename Sentinel,
-            typename ErrorHandler>
+            typename ErrorHandler,
+            typename Memos>
         inline auto make_context(
             Iter first,
             Sentinel last,
@@ -87,7 +89,8 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
             int & indent,
             ErrorHandler const & error_handler,
             nope &,
-            symbol_table_tries_t & symbol_table_tries) noexcept;
+            symbol_table_tries_t & symbol_table_tries,
+            Memos & memos) noexcept;
 
         struct skip_skipper;
 
@@ -342,12 +345,17 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
         character being matched. */
     struct digit_parser;
 
-    /** Maches a particular string, delimited by an iterator sentinel pair;
+    /** Matches a particular string, delimited by an iterator sentinel pair;
         produces no attribute. */
     template<typename StrIter, typename StrSentinel>
     struct string_parser;
 
-    /** Maches an end-of-line (`NewlinesOnly == true`), whitespace
+    /** Matches a string delimited by quotation marks; produces a
+        `std::string` attribute. */
+    template<typename Quotes = detail::nope, typename Escapes = detail::nope>
+    struct quoted_string_parser;
+
+    /** Matches an end-of-line (`NewlinesOnly == true`), whitespace
         (`NewlinesOnly == false`), or (`NoNewlines == true`) blank (whitespace
         but not newline) code point, based on the Unicode definitions of each
         (also matches the two code points `"\r\n"`).  Produces no
@@ -355,7 +363,7 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
     template<bool NewlinesOnly, bool NoNewlines>
     struct ws_parser;
 
-    /** Maches the strings "true" and "false", producing an attribute of
+    /** Matches the strings "true" and "false", producing an attribute of
         `true` or `false`, respectively, and fails on any other input. */
     struct bool_parser;
 
@@ -412,7 +420,8 @@ namespace boost { namespace parser {
     template<
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState = detail::nope,
-        typename ErrorHandler = default_error_handler>
+        typename ErrorHandler = default_error_handler,
+        bool Memoize = false>
     struct parser_interface;
 
     using no_attribute = detail::nope;

include/boost/parser/replace.hpp

@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser
 #if !BOOST_PARSER_USE_CONCEPTS
         ,
@@ -231,12 +232,14 @@ namespace boost::parser {
               Parser,
               GlobalState,
               ErrorHandler,
+              Memoize,
               SkipParser>>
     {
         constexpr replace_view() = default;
         constexpr replace_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             ReplacementV replacement,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
@@ -248,7 +251,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         {}
         constexpr replace_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             ReplacementV replacement,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
@@ -395,7 +399,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
     private:
         V base_;
         ReplacementV replacement_;
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> parser_;
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> parser_;
         parser_interface<SkipParser> skip_;
         trace trace_mode_;
     };
@@ -407,10 +411,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         ReplacementV &&,
         trace)
@@ -420,6 +425,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -428,10 +434,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         ReplacementV &&)
         -> replace_view<
@@ -440,6 +447,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -447,10 +455,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename ReplacementV,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         ReplacementV &&,
         trace)
         -> replace_view<
@@ -459,6 +468,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     template<
@@ -466,10 +476,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename ReplacementV,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         ReplacementV &&)
         -> replace_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
@@ -477,6 +488,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     namespace detail {
@@ -486,6 +498,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            typename Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         using replace_view_expr = decltype(replace_view<
                                            V,
@@ -493,10 +506,14 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                                            Parser,
                                            GlobalState,
                                            ErrorHandler,
+                                           Memoize::value,
                                            SkipParser>(
             std::declval<V>(),
-            std::declval<
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &>(),
+            std::declval<parser_interface<
+                Parser,
+                GlobalState,
+                ErrorHandler,
+                Memoize::value> const &>(),
             std::declval<parser_interface<SkipParser> const &>(),
             std::declval<ReplacementV>(),
             trace::on));
@@ -507,6 +524,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         constexpr bool can_replace_view = is_detected_v<
             replace_view_expr,
@@ -515,6 +533,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            std::bool_constant<Memoize>,
             SkipParser>;
 
         struct replace_impl
@@ -527,6 +546,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             requires
                 // clang-format off
@@ -545,11 +565,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     SkipParser>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 ReplacementR && replacement,
@@ -573,7 +594,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 range_like ReplacementR,
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
-                typename ErrorHandler>
+                typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize>
             requires
                 // clang-format off
                 (std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
@@ -591,11 +613,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 ReplacementR && replacement,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -616,14 +639,18 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser,
                 typename ReplacementR = trace,
                 typename Trace = trace,
                 typename Enable = std::enable_if_t<is_parsable_range_like_v<R>>>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 SkipParser && skip,
                 ReplacementR && replacement = ReplacementR{},
                 Trace trace_mode = Trace{}) const
@@ -666,11 +693,15 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto impl(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 ReplacementR && replacement,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -709,6 +740,7 @@ template<
     typename Parser,
     typename GlobalState,
     typename ErrorHandler,
+    bool Memoize,
     typename SkipParser>
 constexpr bool std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<boost::parser::replace_view<
     V,
@@ -716,6 +748,7 @@ constexpr bool std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<boost::parser::replace_view<
     Parser,
     GlobalState,
     ErrorHandler,
+    Memoize,
     SkipParser>> = std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<V> &&
     std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<ReplacementV>;
 #endif

include/boost/parser/search.hpp

@@ -93,10 +93,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         auto search_impl(
             R && r,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode)
         {
@@ -127,6 +129,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
 #if BOOST_PARSER_USE_CONCEPTS
         std::ranges::borrowed_subrange_t<R>
@@ -135,7 +138,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
 #endif
         search_repack_shim(
             R && r,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode)
         {
@@ -172,6 +176,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser
 #if !BOOST_PARSER_USE_CONCEPTS
         ,
@@ -180,7 +185,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         >
     auto search(
         R && r,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+            parser,
         parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
         trace trace_mode = trace::off)
     {
@@ -210,11 +216,13 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             detail::is_parsable_iter_v<I> &&
             detail::is_equality_comparable_with_v<I, S>>
 #endif
-        >
+        ,
+        bool Memoize>
     auto search(
         I first,
         S last,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+            parser,
         parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
         trace trace_mode = trace::off)
     {
@@ -234,7 +242,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
 #endif
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize
 #if !BOOST_PARSER_USE_CONCEPTS
         ,
         typename Enable = std::enable_if_t<detail::is_parsable_range_like_v<R>>
@@ -242,7 +251,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         >
     auto search(
         R && r,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+            parser,
         trace trace_mode = trace::off)
     {
         return parser::search(
@@ -273,11 +283,13 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             detail::is_parsable_iter_v<I> &&
             detail::is_equality_comparable_with_v<I, S>>
 #endif
-        >
+        ,
+        bool Memoize>
     auto search(
         I first,
         S last,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+            parser,
         trace trace_mode = trace::off)
     {
         return parser::search(
@@ -299,15 +311,22 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     struct search_all_view
-        : detail::stl_interfaces::view_interface<
-              search_all_view<V, Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, SkipParser>>
+        : detail::stl_interfaces::view_interface<search_all_view<
+              V,
+              Parser,
+              GlobalState,
+              ErrorHandler,
+              Memoize,
+              SkipParser>>
     {
         constexpr search_all_view() = default;
         constexpr search_all_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
@@ -317,7 +336,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         {}
         constexpr search_all_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
             parser_(parser),
@@ -421,7 +441,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
 
     private:
         V base_;
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> parser_;
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> parser_;
         parser_interface<SkipParser> skip_;
         trace trace_mode_;
     };
@@ -432,10 +452,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     search_all_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         trace)
         -> search_all_view<
@@ -443,6 +464,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -450,43 +472,52 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     search_all_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>)
         -> search_all_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
         typename V,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     search_all_view(
-        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>, trace)
+        V &&,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
+        trace)
         -> search_all_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     template<
         typename V,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
-    search_all_view(V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>)
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
+    search_all_view(
+        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>)
         -> search_all_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     namespace detail {
@@ -495,16 +526,21 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            typename Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         using search_all_view_expr = decltype(search_all_view<
                                               V,
                                               Parser,
                                               GlobalState,
                                               ErrorHandler,
+                                              Memoize::value,
                                               SkipParser>(
             std::declval<V>(),
-            std::declval<
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &>(),
+            std::declval<parser_interface<
+                Parser,
+                GlobalState,
+                ErrorHandler,
+                Memoize::value> const &>(),
             std::declval<parser_interface<SkipParser> const &>(),
             trace::on));
 
@@ -513,6 +549,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         constexpr bool can_search_all_view = is_detected_v<
             search_all_view_expr,
@@ -520,6 +557,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            std::bool_constant<Memoize>,
             SkipParser>;
 
         struct search_all_impl
@@ -530,7 +568,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 parsable_range_like R,
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
-                typename ErrorHandler,
+                typename ErrorHandler, bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             requires(
                 std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
@@ -540,11 +578,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     SkipParser>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -558,7 +597,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 parsable_range_like R,
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
-                typename ErrorHandler>
+                typename ErrorHandler, bool Memoize>
             requires(
                 std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
                 std::ranges::viewable_range<R>) &&
@@ -567,11 +606,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
             // clang-format on
@@ -590,14 +630,18 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser =
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>,
                 typename Trace = trace,
                 typename Enable = std::enable_if_t<is_parsable_range_like_v<R>>>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 SkipParser const & skip = SkipParser{},
                 Trace trace_mode = Trace{}) const
             {
@@ -631,11 +675,15 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto impl(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
             {
@@ -663,11 +711,16 @@ template<
     typename Parser,
     typename GlobalState,
     typename ErrorHandler,
+    bool Memoize,
     typename SkipParser>
-constexpr bool std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<
-    boost::parser::
-        search_all_view<V, Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, SkipParser>> =
-    std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<V>;
+constexpr bool
+    std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<boost::parser::search_all_view<
+        V,
+        Parser,
+        GlobalState,
+        ErrorHandler,
+        Memoize,
+        SkipParser>> = std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<V>;
 #endif
 
 #endif

include/boost/parser/split.hpp

@@ -18,15 +18,21 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
-    struct split_view
-        : detail::stl_interfaces::view_interface<
-              split_view<V, Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, SkipParser>>
+    struct split_view : detail::stl_interfaces::view_interface<split_view<
+                            V,
+                            Parser,
+                            GlobalState,
+                            ErrorHandler,
+                            Memoize,
+                            SkipParser>>
     {
         constexpr split_view() = default;
         constexpr split_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
@@ -36,7 +42,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         {}
         constexpr split_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
             parser_(parser),
@@ -147,7 +154,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
 
     private:
         V base_;
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> parser_;
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> parser_;
         parser_interface<SkipParser> skip_;
         trace trace_mode_;
     };
@@ -158,10 +165,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     split_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         trace)
         -> split_view<
@@ -169,6 +177,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -176,43 +185,52 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     split_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>)
         -> split_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
         typename V,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     split_view(
-        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>, trace)
+        V &&,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
+        trace)
         -> split_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     template<
         typename V,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
-    split_view(V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>)
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
+    split_view(
+        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>)
         -> split_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     namespace detail {
@@ -221,16 +239,21 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            typename Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         using split_view_expr = decltype(split_view<
-                                              V,
-                                              Parser,
-                                              GlobalState,
-                                              ErrorHandler,
-                                              SkipParser>(
+                                         V,
+                                         Parser,
+                                         GlobalState,
+                                         ErrorHandler,
+                                         Memoize::value,
+                                         SkipParser>(
             std::declval<V>(),
-            std::declval<
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &>(),
+            std::declval<parser_interface<
+                Parser,
+                GlobalState,
+                ErrorHandler,
+                Memoize::value> const &>(),
             std::declval<parser_interface<SkipParser> const &>(),
             trace::on));
 
@@ -239,6 +262,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         constexpr bool can_split_view = is_detected_v<
             split_view_expr,
@@ -246,6 +270,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            std::bool_constant<Memoize>,
             SkipParser>;
 
         struct split_impl
@@ -257,6 +282,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             requires(
                 std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
@@ -266,11 +292,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     SkipParser>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -284,7 +311,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 parsable_range_like R,
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
-                typename ErrorHandler>
+                typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize>
             requires(
                 std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
                 std::ranges::viewable_range<R>) &&
@@ -293,11 +321,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
             // clang-format on
@@ -316,14 +345,18 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser =
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>,
                 typename Trace = trace,
                 typename Enable = std::enable_if_t<is_parsable_range_like_v<R>>>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 SkipParser const & skip = SkipParser{},
                 Trace trace_mode = Trace{}) const
             {
@@ -357,11 +390,15 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto impl(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
             {
@@ -389,10 +426,11 @@ template<
     typename Parser,
     typename GlobalState,
     typename ErrorHandler,
+    bool Memoize,
     typename SkipParser>
 constexpr bool std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<
     boost::parser::
-        split_view<V, Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, SkipParser>> =
+        split_view<V, Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize, SkipParser>> =
     std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<V>;
 #endif
 

include/boost/parser/transform_replace.hpp

@@ -212,10 +212,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         auto attr_search_impl(
             R && r,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode)
         {
@@ -282,10 +284,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         auto attr_search_repack_shim(
             R && r,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             trace trace_mode)
         {
@@ -334,6 +338,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser
 #if !BOOST_PARSER_USE_CONCEPTS
         ,
@@ -351,6 +356,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
               Parser,
               GlobalState,
               ErrorHandler,
+              Memoize,
               SkipParser>>
     {
     private:
@@ -361,7 +367,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         constexpr transform_replace_view() = default;
         constexpr transform_replace_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
             F f,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
@@ -373,7 +380,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         {}
         constexpr transform_replace_view(
             V base,
-            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const & parser,
+            parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
+                parser,
             F f,
             trace trace_mode = trace::off) :
             base_(std::move(base)),
@@ -518,7 +526,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
     private:
         V base_;
         F f_;
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> parser_;
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> parser_;
         parser_interface<SkipParser> skip_;
         trace trace_mode_;
     };
@@ -530,10 +538,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     transform_replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         F &&,
         trace)
@@ -543,6 +552,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -551,10 +561,11 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
         typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize,
         typename SkipParser>
     transform_replace_view(
         V &&,
-        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
         parser_interface<SkipParser>,
         F &&)
         -> transform_replace_view<
@@ -563,6 +574,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             SkipParser>;
 
     template<
@@ -570,15 +582,20 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename F,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     transform_replace_view(
-        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>, F &&, trace)
+        V &&,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
+        F &&,
+        trace)
         -> transform_replace_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             detail::remove_cv_ref_t<F>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     template<
@@ -586,15 +603,19 @@ namespace boost::parser {
         typename F,
         typename Parser,
         typename GlobalState,
-        typename ErrorHandler>
+        typename ErrorHandler,
+        bool Memoize>
     transform_replace_view(
-        V &&, parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler>, F &&)
+        V &&,
+        parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize>,
+        F &&)
         -> transform_replace_view<
             detail::text::detail::all_t<V>,
             detail::remove_cv_ref_t<F>,
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            Memoize,
             parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>;
 
     namespace detail {
@@ -604,6 +625,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            typename Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         using transform_replace_view_expr = decltype(transform_replace_view<
                                                      V,
@@ -611,10 +633,14 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                                                      Parser,
                                                      GlobalState,
                                                      ErrorHandler,
+                                                     Memoize::value,
                                                      SkipParser>(
             std::declval<V>(),
-            std::declval<
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &>(),
+            std::declval<parser_interface<
+                Parser,
+                GlobalState,
+                ErrorHandler,
+                Memoize::value> const &>(),
             std::declval<parser_interface<SkipParser> const &>(),
             std::declval<F>(),
             trace::on));
@@ -625,6 +651,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             typename Parser,
             typename GlobalState,
             typename ErrorHandler,
+            bool Memoize,
             typename SkipParser>
         constexpr bool can_transform_replace_view = is_detected_v<
             transform_replace_view_expr,
@@ -633,6 +660,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
             Parser,
             GlobalState,
             ErrorHandler,
+            std::bool_constant<Memoize>,
             SkipParser>;
 
         struct transform_replace_impl
@@ -645,6 +673,7 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             requires
                 // clang-format off
@@ -663,11 +692,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     SkipParser>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 F && f,
@@ -690,7 +720,8 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 std::move_constructible F,
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
-                typename ErrorHandler>
+                typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize>
             requires
                 // clang-format off
                 (std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cvref_t<R>> ||
@@ -708,11 +739,12 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                     Parser,
                     GlobalState,
                     ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize,
                     parser_interface<eps_parser<detail::phony>>>
                 // clang-format off
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
+                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler, Memoize> const &
                     parser,
                 F && f,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -733,14 +765,18 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser,
                 typename F = trace,
                 typename Trace = trace,
                 typename Enable = std::enable_if_t<is_parsable_range_like_v<R>>>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator()(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 SkipParser && skip,
                 F && f = F{},
                 Trace trace_mode = Trace{}) const
@@ -787,11 +823,15 @@ namespace boost::parser {
                 typename Parser,
                 typename GlobalState,
                 typename ErrorHandler,
+                bool Memoize,
                 typename SkipParser>
             [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto impl(
                 R && r,
-                parser_interface<Parser, GlobalState, ErrorHandler> const &
-                    parser,
+                parser_interface<
+                    Parser,
+                    GlobalState,
+                    ErrorHandler,
+                    Memoize> const & parser,
                 parser_interface<SkipParser> const & skip,
                 F && f,
                 trace trace_mode = trace::off) const
@@ -830,6 +870,7 @@ template<
     typename Parser,
     typename GlobalState,
     typename ErrorHandler,
+    bool Memoize,
     typename SkipParser>
 constexpr bool
     std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<boost::parser::transform_replace_view<
@@ -838,6 +879,7 @@ constexpr bool
         Parser,
         GlobalState,
         ErrorHandler,
+        Memoize,
         SkipParser>> = std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<V> &&
                        (std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<F> ||
                         boost::parser::detail::tidy_func<F>);

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ macro(add_test_executable name)
     add_test(NAME ${name} COMMAND ${name} --gtest_catch_exceptions=1)
 endmacro()
 
+add_test_executable(memos)
 add_test_executable(all_t)
 add_test_executable(search)
 add_test_executable(split)
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ add_test_executable(parser_rule_with_params)
 add_test_executable(parser_action)
 add_test_executable(parser_action_with_params)
 add_test_executable(parser_symbol_table)
+add_test_executable(parser_quoted_string)
 add_test_executable(tracing)
 add_test_executable(parse_empty)
 add_test_executable(tuple_aggregate)

test/memos.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+/**
+ *   Copyright (C) 2024 T. Zachary Laine
+ *
+ *   Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+ *   accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+ *   http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+
+#include <boost/parser/detail/memos.hpp>
+
+#include <variant> // for monostate
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+
+using namespace boost::parser;
+
+TEST(memos, linked_list_1)
+{
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 1> list;
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 1> list;
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, no reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, partial reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            char const expected[] = {char('a' + (16 - 1) - i), 0};
+            EXPECT_EQ(*str, expected);
+            *str = "reused";
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*j, (16 - 1) - i);
+            *j = -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, full reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            char const expected[] = {char('a' + (16 - 1) - i), 0};
+            EXPECT_EQ(*str, expected);
+            *str = "reused";
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 1> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*j, (16 - 1) - i);
+            *j = -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(memos, linked_list_8)
+{
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 8> list;
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 8> list;
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, no reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, partial reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            char c = i < 8 ? char('a' + i + 8) : char('a' + i - 8);
+            char const expected[] = {c, 0};
+            EXPECT_EQ(*str, expected);
+            *str = "reused";
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            if (i < 8)
+                EXPECT_EQ(*j, i + 8);
+            else
+                EXPECT_EQ(*j, i - 8);
+            *j = -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // reclaim, full reuse
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<std::string, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            *str = 'a' + i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            std::string * str = needs_new ? new (pos) std::string()
+                                          : static_cast<std::string *>(pos);
+            char c = i < 8 ? char('a' + i + 8) : char('a' + i - 8);
+            char const expected[] = {c, 0};
+            EXPECT_EQ(*str, expected);
+            *str = "reused";
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        detail::linked_list<int, 8> list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            *j = i;
+        }
+        list.reclaim();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+            auto [pos, needs_new] = list.push();
+            int * j = needs_new ? new (pos) int() : static_cast<int *>(pos);
+            if (i < 8)
+                EXPECT_EQ(*j, i + 8);
+            else
+                EXPECT_EQ(*j, i - 8);
+            *j = -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct one
+{};
+struct two
+{};
+
+TEST(memos, basic)
+{
+    constexpr auto failure = detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::failure;
+    constexpr auto success = detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::success;
+
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+    }
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<int> ref = memos.find<one, int>(13);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(ref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.valid, false);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.datum, nullptr);
+    }
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<int> ref =
+            memos.insert<one, int>(failure, 13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.get_kind(), failure);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref.datum, 0);
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(12)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(13, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, int>(13)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, double>(13)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<int> cref = memos.find<one, int>(13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.get_kind(), failure);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.datum, 0);
+    }
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<int> ref =
+            memos.insert<one, int>(success, 13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref.datum, 0);
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(12)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(13, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, int>(13)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, double>(13)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<int> cref = memos.find<one, int>(13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.datum, 0);
+    }
+
+    // types sharing the same trivial_type<size, align>
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<int> ref =
+            memos.insert<one, int>(success, 13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref.datum, 0);
+
+        *ref.value = 42;
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(12)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, int>(13, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, int>(13)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, float>(13)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<int> cref = memos.find<one, int>(13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.value, 42);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.datum, 0);
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<float> ref2 =
+            memos.insert<one, float>(success, 18);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref2);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref2.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref2.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref2.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref2.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref2.datum, 0);
+
+        *ref2.value = 13.0f;
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, float>(17)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, float>(18, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, float>(18)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, char32_t>(18)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<float> cref2 = memos.find<one, float>(18);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref2);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref2.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref2.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref2.value, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref2.value, 13.0f);
+        EXPECT_NE(cref2.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref2.datum, 0);
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<char32_t> ref3 =
+            memos.insert<two, char32_t>(success, 21);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref3);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref3.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref3.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref3.value);
+        EXPECT_NE(ref3.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref3.datum, 0);
+
+        *ref3.value = U'c';
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, char32_t>(20)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, char32_t>(21, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, char32_t>(21)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, int>(21)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<char32_t> cref3 =
+            memos.find<two, char32_t>(21);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref3);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref3.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref3.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref3.value);
+        EXPECT_EQ((unsigned int)*cref3.value, (unsigned int)U'c');
+        EXPECT_NE(cref3.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref3.datum, 0);
+
+        // three items
+        EXPECT_EQ(memos.items(), 3u);
+        // all three items use the same liked list for storage
+        EXPECT_EQ(memos.item_stores(), 1u);
+    }
+
+    // empty types
+    {
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t> memos;
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::ref<std::monostate> ref =
+            memos.insert<one, std::monostate>(success, 13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(ref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref.value, std::monostate{});
+        *ref.value = std::monostate{};
+        EXPECT_NE(ref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*ref.datum, 0);
+
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, std::monostate>(12)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, std::monostate>(13, 42)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<two, std::monostate>(13)));
+        EXPECT_FALSE((memos.find<one, double>(13)));
+
+        detail::memos<size_t, size_t>::const_ref<std::monostate> cref =
+            memos.find<one, std::monostate>(13);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(cref);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.get_kind(), success);
+        EXPECT_EQ(cref.valid, true);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.value, std::monostate{});
+        EXPECT_NE(cref.datum, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*cref.datum, 0);
+    }
+}

test/parser_quoted_string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+/**
+ *   Copyright (C) 2024 T. Zachary Laine
+ *
+ *   Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+ *   accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+ *   http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+
+#include <boost/parser/parser.hpp>
+#include <boost/parser/transcode_view.hpp>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+
+namespace bp = boost::parser;
+
+bp::symbols<char> const cu_escapes = {{"t", '\t'}, {"r", '\r'}, {"n", '\n'}};
+bp::symbols<char32_t> const cp_escapes = {
+    {"t", '\t'}, {"r", '\r'}, {"n", '\n'}};
+
+TEST(quoted_string, basic)
+{
+    constexpr auto parser = bp::quoted_string;
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("foo")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("foo\\")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\\");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("\"foo\"")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "\"foo\"");
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(quoted_string, different_char)
+{
+    constexpr auto parser = bp::quoted_string('\'');
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\\')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\\");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('\'foo\'')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "'foo'");
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(quoted_string, different_char_with_escapes)
+{
+    {
+        auto parser = bp::quoted_string('\'', cu_escapes);
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\t')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\t");
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\x')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        auto parser = bp::quoted_string('\'', cp_escapes);
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('\tfoo')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "\tfoo");
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('f\xoo')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(quoted_string, char_set)
+{
+    constexpr auto parser = bp::quoted_string("'\"");
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+    }
+
+    {
+        EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"('foo")", parser, bp::ws));
+        EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"("foo')", parser, bp::ws));
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo");
+    }
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("foo")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\\')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\\");
+    }
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("foo\\")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\\");
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"('\'foo\'')", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "'foo'");
+    }
+    {
+        auto result = bp::parse(R"("\"foo\"")", parser, bp::ws);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, "\"foo\"");
+    }
+
+    {
+        // Can't escape arbitrary characters, only backslash and the quote
+        // character.
+        EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"("\'foo")", parser, bp::ws));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(quoted_string, char_set_with_escapes)
+{
+    {
+        auto parser = bp::quoted_string("'\"", cu_escapes);
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+
+        {
+            EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"('foo")", parser, bp::ws));
+            EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"("foo')", parser, bp::ws));
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\t')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\t");
+        }
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"("\tfoo")", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "\tfoo");
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\x')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        auto parser = bp::quoted_string("'\"", cp_escapes);
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse("", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+
+        {
+            EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"('foo")", parser, bp::ws));
+            EXPECT_FALSE(bp::parse(R"("foo')", parser, bp::ws));
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\t')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "foo\t");
+        }
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"("\tfoo")", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+            EXPECT_EQ(*result, "\tfoo");
+        }
+
+        {
+            auto result = bp::parse(R"('foo\x')", parser, bp::ws);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(result);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(quoted_string, doc_examples)
+{
+    //[ quoted_string_example_1_2
+    namespace bp = boost::parser;
+
+    auto result1 = bp::parse("\"some text\"", bp::quoted_string, bp::ws);
+    assert(result1);
+    std::cout << *result1 << "\n"; // Prints: some text
+
+    auto result2 =
+        bp::parse("\"some \\\"text\\\"\"", bp::quoted_string, bp::ws);
+    assert(result2);
+    std::cout << *result2 << "\n"; // Prints: some "text"
+    //]
+
+    //[ quoted_string_example_3
+    auto result3 = bp::parse("!some text!", bp::quoted_string('!'), bp::ws);
+    assert(result3);
+    std::cout << *result3 << "\n"; // Prints: some text
+    //]
+
+    //[ quoted_string_example_4
+    auto result4 = bp::parse("'some text'", bp::quoted_string("'\""), bp::ws);
+    assert(result4);
+    std::cout << *result4 << "\n"; // Prints: some text
+    //]
+
+    //[ quoted_string_example_5
+    // the c++ simple escapes
+    bp::symbols<char> const escapes = {
+        {"'", '\''},
+        {"?", '\?'},
+        {"a", '\a'},
+        {"b", '\b'},
+        {"f", '\f'},
+        {"n", '\n'},
+        {"r", '\r'},
+        {"t", '\t'},
+        {"v", '\v'}};
+    auto result5 =
+        bp::parse("\"some text\r\"", bp::quoted_string('"', escapes), bp::ws);
+    assert(result5);
+    std::cout << *result5 << "\n"; // Prints (with a CRLF newline): some text
+    //]
+}

test/tracing.cpp

@@ -312,6 +312,15 @@ int main()
 
     PARSE(string("h"));
 
+    std::cout << "\n\n"
+              << "----------------------------------------\n"
+              << "| quoted_string()                       |\n"
+              << "----------------------------------------\n";
+
+    PARSE(quoted_string);
+    PARSE(quoted_string('\''));
+    PARSE(quoted_string("'\""));
+
     std::cout << "\n\n"
               << "----------------------------------------\n"
               << "| eol                                   |\n"