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354 lines
13 KiB
C++
354 lines
13 KiB
C++
// Copyright Nat Goodspeed 2014.
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// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
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// (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
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// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
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#include <boost/fiber/all.hpp>
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#include <boost/bind.hpp>
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#include <boost/ref.hpp>
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#include <iostream>
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//[priority_props
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class priority_props : public boost::fibers::fiber_properties {
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public:
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priority_props( boost::fibers::fiber_context * p):
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fiber_properties( p), /*< Your subclass constructor must accept a
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[^[class_link fiber_context]*] and pass it to
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the `fiber_properties` constructor. >*/
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priority_( 0) {
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}
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int get_priority() const {
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return priority_; /*< Provide read access methods at your own discretion. >*/
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}
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// Call this method to alter priority, because we must notify
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// priority_scheduler of any change.
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void set_priority( int p) {
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/*< It's important to call notify() on any
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change in a property that can affect the
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scheduler's behavior. Therefore, such
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modifications should only be performed
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through an access method. >*/
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// Of course, it's only worth reshuffling the queue and all if we're
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// actually changing the priority.
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if ( p != priority_) {
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priority_ = p;
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notify();
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}
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}
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// The fiber name of course is solely for purposes of this example
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// program; it has nothing to do with implementing scheduler priority.
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// This is a public data member -- not requiring set/get access methods --
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// because we need not inform the scheduler of any change.
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std::string name; /*< A property that does not affect the scheduler does
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not need access methods. >*/
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private:
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int priority_;
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};
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//]
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//[priority_scheduler
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class priority_scheduler : public boost::fibers::sched_algorithm_with_properties< priority_props > {
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private:
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// Much as we would like, we don't use std::priority_queue because it
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// doesn't appear to provide any way to alter the priority (and hence
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// queue position) of a particular item.
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boost::fibers::fiber_context * head_;
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public:
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priority_scheduler() :
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head_( nullptr) {
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}
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// For a subclass of sched_algorithm_with_properties<>, it's important to
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// override the correct awakened() overload.
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/*<< You must override the [member_link sched_algorithm_with_properties..awakened]
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method. This is how your scheduler receives notification of a
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fiber that has become ready to run. >>*/
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virtual void awakened( boost::fibers::fiber_context * f, priority_props & props) {
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int f_priority = props.get_priority(); /*< `props` is the instance of
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priority_props associated
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with the passed fiber `f`. >*/
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// With this scheduler, fibers with higher priority values are
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// preferred over fibers with lower priority values. But fibers with
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// equal priority values are processed in round-robin fashion. So when
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// we're handed a new fiber_base, put it at the end of the fibers with
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// that same priority. In other words: search for the first fiber in
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// the queue with LOWER priority, and insert before that one.
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boost::fibers::fiber_context ** fp = & head_;
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for ( ; * fp; fp = & ( * fp)->nxt) {
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if ( properties( * fp).get_priority() < f_priority) {
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/*< Use the
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[member_link sched_algorithm_with_properties..properties]
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method to access properties for any ['other] fiber. >*/
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break;
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}
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}
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// It doesn't matter whether we hit the end of the list or found
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// another fiber with lower priority. Either way, insert f here.
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f->nxt = * fp; /*< Note use of the [data_member_link fiber_context..nxt] member. >*/
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* fp = f;
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//<-
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std::cout << "awakened(" << props.name << "): ";
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describe_ready_queue();
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//->
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}
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/*<< You must override the [member_link sched_algorithm_with_properties..pick_next]
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method. This is how your scheduler actually advises the fiber manager
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of the next fiber to run. >>*/
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virtual boost::fibers::fiber_context * pick_next() {
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// if ready queue is empty, just tell caller
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if ( ! head_) {
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return nullptr;
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}
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// Here we have at least one ready fiber. Unlink and return that.
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boost::fibers::fiber_context * f = head_;
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head_ = f->nxt;
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f->nxt = nullptr;
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//<-
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std::cout << "pick_next() resuming " << properties( f).name << ": ";
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describe_ready_queue();
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//->
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return f;
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}
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/*<< You must override [member_link sched_algorithm_with_properties..ready_fibers]
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to inform the fiber manager of the size of your ready queue. >>*/
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virtual std::size_t ready_fibers() const noexcept {
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std::size_t count = 0;
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for ( boost::fibers::fiber_context * f = head_; f; f = f->nxt) {
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++count;
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}
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return count;
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}
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/*<< Overriding [member_link sched_algorithm_with_properties..property_change]
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is optional. This override handles the case in which the running
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fiber changes the priority of another ready fiber: a fiber already in
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our queue. In that case, move the updated fiber within the queue. >>*/
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virtual void property_change( boost::fibers::fiber_context * f, priority_props & props) {
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// Although our priority_props class defines multiple properties, only
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// one of them (priority) actually calls notify() when changed. The
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// point of a property_change() override is to reshuffle the ready
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// queue according to the updated priority value.
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//<-
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std::cout << "property_change(" << props.name << '(' << props.get_priority()
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<< ")): ";
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//->
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// Despite the added complexity of the loop body, make a single pass
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// over the queue to find both the existing item and the new desired
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// insertion point.
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bool found = false;
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boost::fibers::fiber_context ** insert = nullptr, ** fp = & head_;
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for ( ; * fp; fp = & ( * fp)->nxt) {
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if ( * fp == f) {
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// found the passed fiber in our list -- unlink it
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found = true;
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* fp = ( * fp)->nxt;
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f->nxt = nullptr;
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// If that was the last item in the list, stop.
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if ( ! * fp) {
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break;
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}
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// If we've already found the new insertion point, no need to
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// continue looping.
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if ( insert) {
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break;
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}
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}
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// As in awakened(), we're looking for the first fiber in the
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// queue with priority lower than the passed fiber.
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if ( properties( * fp).get_priority() < props.get_priority() ) {
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insert = fp;
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// If we've already found and unlinked the passed fiber, no
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// need to continue looping.
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if ( found) {
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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// property_change() should only be called if f->is_ready(). However,
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// a waiting fiber can change state to is_ready() while still on the
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// fiber_manager's waiting queue. Every such fiber will be swept onto
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// our ready queue before the next pick_next() call, but still it's
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// possible to get a property_change() call for a fiber that
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// is_ready() but is not yet on our ready queue. If it's not there, no
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// action required: we'll handle it next time it hits awakened().
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if ( ! found) {
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/*< Your `property_change()` override must be able to
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handle the case in which the passed `f` is not in
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your ready queue. It might be running, or it might be
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blocked. >*/
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//<-
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// hopefully user will distinguish this case by noticing that
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// the fiber with which we were called does not appear in the
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// ready queue at all
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describe_ready_queue();
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//->
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return;
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}
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// There might not be any ready fibers with lower priority. In that
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// case, append to the end of the queue.
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/*=if (! insert)*/
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//<-
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std::string where;
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if ( insert) {
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where = std::string("before ") + properties( * insert).name;
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} else {
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//->
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insert = fp;
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//<-
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where = "to end";
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//->
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}
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// Insert f at the new insertion point in the queue.
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f->nxt = * insert;
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* insert = f;
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//<-
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std::cout << "moving " << where << ": ";
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describe_ready_queue();
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//->
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}
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//<-
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void describe_ready_queue() {
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if ( ! head_) {
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std::cout << "[empty]";
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} else {
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const char * delim = "";
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for ( boost::fibers::fiber_context * f = head_; f; f = f->nxt) {
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priority_props & props( properties( f) );
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std::cout << delim << props.name << '(' << props.get_priority() << ')';
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delim = ", ";
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}
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}
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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//->
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};
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//]
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//[init
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void init( std::string const& name, int priority) {
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priority_props & props(
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boost::this_fiber::properties< priority_props >() );
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props.name = name;
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props.set_priority( priority);
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}
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//]
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void yield_fn( std::string const& name, int priority) {
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init( name, priority);
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for ( int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " running" << std::endl;
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boost::this_fiber::yield();
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}
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}
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void barrier_fn( std::string const& name, int priority, boost::fibers::barrier & barrier) {
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init( name, priority);
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " waiting on barrier" << std::endl;
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barrier.wait();
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " yielding" << std::endl;
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boost::this_fiber::yield();
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " done" << std::endl;
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}
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//[change_fn
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void change_fn( std::string const& name,
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int priority,
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boost::fibers::fiber & other,
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int other_priority,
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boost::fibers::barrier& barrier) {
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init( name, priority);
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//<-
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " waiting on barrier" << std::endl;
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//->
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barrier.wait();
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// We assume a couple things about 'other':
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// - that it was also waiting on the same barrier
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// - that it has lower priority than this fiber.
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// If both are true, 'other' is now ready to run but is sitting in
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// priority_scheduler's ready queue. Change its priority.
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priority_props & other_props(
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other.properties< priority_props >() );
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//<-
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " changing priority of " << other_props.name
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<< " to " << other_priority << std::endl;
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//->
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other_props.set_priority( other_priority);
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//<-
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std::cout << "fiber " << name << " done" << std::endl;
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//->
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}
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//]
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//[main
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int main( int argc, char *argv[]) {
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// make sure we use our priority_scheduler rather than default round_robin
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boost::fibers::use_scheduling_algorithm< priority_scheduler >();
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/*= ...*/
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/*=}*/
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//]
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{
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// verify that high-priority fiber always gets scheduled first
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boost::fibers::fiber low( boost::bind( yield_fn, "low", 1) );
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boost::fibers::fiber med( boost::bind( yield_fn, "medium", 2) );
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boost::fibers::fiber hi( boost::bind( yield_fn, "high", 3) );
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hi.join();
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med.join();
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low.join();
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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{
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// fibers of same priority are scheduled in round-robin order
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boost::fibers::fiber a( boost::bind( yield_fn, "a", 0) );
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boost::fibers::fiber b( boost::bind( yield_fn, "b", 0) );
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boost::fibers::fiber c( boost::bind( yield_fn, "c", 0) );
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a.join();
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b.join();
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c.join();
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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{
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// using a barrier wakes up all waiting fibers at the same time
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boost::fibers::barrier barrier( 3);
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boost::fibers::fiber low( boost::bind( barrier_fn, "low", 1, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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boost::fibers::fiber med( boost::bind( barrier_fn, "medium", 2, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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boost::fibers::fiber hi( boost::bind( barrier_fn, "high", 3, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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low.join();
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med.join();
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hi.join();
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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{
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// change priority of a fiber in priority_scheduler's ready queue
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boost::fibers::barrier barrier( 3);
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boost::fibers::fiber c( boost::bind( barrier_fn, "c", 1, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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boost::fibers::fiber a( boost::bind( change_fn, "a", 3, boost::ref( c), 3, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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boost::fibers::fiber b( boost::bind( barrier_fn, "b", 2, boost::ref( barrier) ) );
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a.join();
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b.join();
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c.join();
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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std::cout << "done." << std::endl;
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return EXIT_SUCCESS;
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}
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