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thread/doc/mutex.html
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<title>Boost.Threads, mutex</title>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
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<h3><IMG alt="C++ Boost" src="../../../c++boost.gif" width="277" height="86"></h3>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<h1 align="center">Boost.Threads</h1>
<h2 align="center">mutex<br>
try_mutex<br>
timed_mutex</h2>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr>
<p><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a><br>
<a href="#Header">Header</a><br>
<a href="#mutex Synopsis">Class mutex Synopsis</a><br>
<a href="#mutex Members">Class mutex Members</a><br>
<a href="#try_mutex Synopsis">Class try_mutex Synopsis</a><br>
<a href="#try_mutex Members">Class try_mutex Members</a><br>
<a href="#timed_mutex Synopsis">Class timed_mutex Synopsis</a><br>
<a href="#timed_mutex Members">Class timed_mutex Members</a><br>
<a href="#Example">Example</a></p>
<h2><a name="Introduction">Introduction</a></h2>
<p>The <tt><a href="#mutex Synopsis">mutex</a></tt>, <tt><a href="#try_mutex Synopsis">try_mutex</a></tt> and <tt><a href="#timed_mutex Synopsis">timed_mutex</a></tt> classes define full featured
models of the <a href="mutex_concept.html#Mutex">Mutex</a>, <a href="mutex_concept.html#TryMutex">TryMutex</a>,
and <a href="mutex_concept.html#TimedMutex">TimedMutex</a> concepts. These types should be used to
non-recursively synchronize access to
shared resources. For recursive locking mechanics, see <a href="recursive_mutex.html">recursive
mutexes</a>.</p>
<p>Each class supplies one or more typedefs for lock types which model matching
lock concepts. For the best possible performance you should use the mutex class that supports
the minimum set of lock
types that you need.</p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<tr>
<td><b>Mutex Class</b></td>
<td><b>Lock name</b></td>
<td><b>Implementation defined Lock Type</b></td>
<td><b>&nbsp;Lock Concept</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#mutex Synopsis"><code>mutex</code></a></td>
<td valign="middle"><code>scoped_lock</code></td>
<td valign="middle"><code><a href="scoped_lock.html">boost::</a></code><a href="scoped_lock.html"><code>detail::thread::scoped_lock&lt;mutex&gt;</code></a></td>
<td valign="middle"><a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedLock">ScopedLock</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><tt><a href="#try_mutex Synopsis">try_mutex</a></tt> </td>
<td valign="middle"><code>scoped_lock<br>
scoped_try_lock</code></td>
<td valign="middle"><code><a href="scoped_lock.html">boost::</a></code><a href="scoped_lock.html"><code>detail::thread::scoped_lock&lt;try_mutex&gt;<br>
</code></a><code><a href="scoped_try_lock.html">boost::detail::thread::scoped_try_lock&lt;try_mutex&gt;</a></code></td>
<td valign="middle"><a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedLock">ScopedLock</a><br>
<a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedTryLock">ScopedTryLock</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code><a href="#timed_mutex Synopsis">timed_mutex</a></code> </td>
<td valign="middle"><code>scoped_lock<br>
scoped_try_lock<br>
scoped_timed_lock</code></td>
<td valign="middle"><code><a href="scoped_lock.html">boost::</a></code><a href="scoped_lock.html"><code>detail::thread::scoped_lock&lt;timed_mutex&gt;</code></a><br>
<code><a href="scoped_try_lock.html">boost::</a></code><a href="scoped_try_lock.html"><code>detail::thread::scoped_try_lock&lt;timed_mutex&gt;</code></a><br>
<code><a href="scoped_timed_lock.html">boost::</a></code><a href="scoped_timed_lock.html"><code>detail::thread::scoped_timed_lock&lt;timed_mutex&gt;</code></a></td>
<td valign="middle"><a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedLock">ScopedLock</a><br>
<a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedTryLock">ScopedTryLock</a><br>
<a href="lock_concept.html#ScopedTimedLock">ScopedTimedLock</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The <tt>mutex</tt>, <tt>try_mutex</tt> and <tt>timed_mutex</tt> classes use an <tt>Unspecified</tt>
<A href="mutex_concept.html#LockingStrategies">locking strategy</a>, so attempts to recursively lock
them or attempts to unlock them by threads that don't own a lock on them result in <b>undefined behavior</b>.
This strategy allows implementations to be as efficient as possible on any given platform. It is, however,
recommended that implementations include debugging support to detect misuse when <tt>NDEBUG</tt> is
not defined.</p>
<p>Like all the <b>Boost.Threads</b> <A href="mutex_concept.html">mutex models</a>, the <tt>mutex</tt>,
<tt>try_mutex</tt> and <tt>timed_mutex</tt> leave the
<A href="mutex_concept.html#SchedulingPolicies">scheduling policy</a> as <tt>Unspecified</tt>.
Programmers should assume that threads waiting for a lock on objects of these types
acquire
the lock in a random order, even though the specific behavior for a given platform may be different.</p>
<h2><a name="Header">Header</a></h2>
<pre>
#include <a href="../../../boost/thread/mutex.hpp">&lt;boost/thread/mutex.hpp&gt;</a>
</pre>
<h2>Class <a name="mutex Synopsis"> mutex Synopsis</a></h2>
<pre>
namespace boost
{
class mutex : private <a href="../../utility/utility.htm">boost::noncopyable</a> // Exposition only.
// Class mutex meets the <a href="overview.html#NonCopyable">NonCopyable</a> requirement.
{
public:
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_lock;
mutex();
~mutex();
};
}
</pre>
<h2>
Class <a name="mutex Members">mutex Members</a>
</h2>
<hr>
<h3>Constructor</h3>
<pre>
mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Postconditions: </b><code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<hr>
<h3>Destructor</h3>
<pre>
~mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Requires:</b> <code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<p><b>Effects:</b> Destroys <code>*this</code>.</p>
<p><b>Dangers:</b> Destruction of a locked mutex is a serious programming error
resulting in undefined behavior such as a program crash.</p>
<hr>
<h2>
Class <a name="try_mutex Synopsis">try_mutex Synopsis</a>
</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost
{
class try_mutex : private boost::noncopyable // Exposition only.
// Class try_mutex meets the <a href="overview.html#NonCopyable">NonCopyable</a> requirement.
{
public:
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_lock;
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_try_lock;
try_mutex();
~try_mutex();
};
}
</pre>
<h2>Class <a name="try_mutex Members">try_mutex Members</a></h2>
<hr>
<h3>Constructor</h3>
<pre>
try_mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Postconditions: </b><code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<hr>
<h3>Destructor</h3>
<pre>
~try_mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Requires:</b> <code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<p><b>Effects:</b> Destroys <code>*this</code>.</p>
<p><b>Dangers:</b> Destruction of a locked mutex is a serious programming error
resulting in undefined behavior such as a program crash.</p>
<hr>
<h2>
Class <a name="timed_mutex Synopsis">timed_mutex Synopsis</a>
</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost
{
class timed_mutex : private boost::noncopyable // Exposition only.
// Class timed_mutex meets the <a href="overview.html#NonCopyable">NonCopyable</a> requirement.
{
public:
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_lock;
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_try_lock;
typedef <i>[implementation defined; see <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>]</i> scoped_timed_lock;
timed_mutex();
~timed_mutex();
};
}
</pre>
<h2>Class <a name="timed_mutex Members">timed_mutex Members</a></h2>
<hr>
<h3>Constructor</h3>
<pre>
timed_mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Postconditions: </b><code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<hr>
<h3>Destructor</h3>
<pre>
~timed_mutex();
</pre>
<p><b>Requires:</b> <code>*this</code> is in the unlocked state.</p>
<p><b>Effects:</b> Destroys <code>*this</code>.</p>
<p><b>Dangers:</b> Destruction of a locked mutex is a serious programming error
resulting in undefined behavior such as a program crash.</p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="Example">Example</a> Usage</h2>
<pre>
#include <a href="../../../boost/thread/mutex.hpp">&lt;boost/thread/mutex.hpp&gt;</a>
#include <a href="../../../boost/thread/thread.hpp">&lt;boost/thread/thread.hpp&gt;</a>
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
boost::mutex io_mutex; // The iostreams are not guaranteed to be <a href="file:///c:/boost/site/libs/thread/doc/definitions.html#Thread-safe">thread-safe</a>!
class counter
{
public:
counter() : count(0) { }
int increment() {
boost::mutex::scoped_lock scoped_lock(mutex);
return ++count;
}
private:
boost::mutex mutex;
int count;
};
counter c;
void change_count(void*)
{
int i = c.increment();
boost::mutex::scoped_lock scoped_lock(io_mutex);
std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;count == &quot; &lt;&lt; i &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
int main(int, char*[])
{
const int num_threads = 4;
boost::thread_group thrds;
for (int i=0; i &lt; num_threads; ++i)
thrds.create_thread(&amp;change_count, 0);
thrds.join_all();
return 0;
}
</pre>
<p>The output is:</p>
<pre>
count == 1
count == 2
count == 3
count == 4
</pre>
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" S-Type="EDITED" S-Format="%d %B, %Y" startspan -->13 September, 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="39334" -->
</p>
<p><i>© Copyright <A href="mailto:williamkempf@hotmail.com">William E. Kempf</a>
2001 all rights reserved.</i></p>
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