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<!-- Generated by the Spirit (http://spirit.sf.net) QuickDoc -->
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<title>Constructors</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="theme/style.css" type="text/css">
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<link rel="prev" href="exposing_classes.html">
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<link rel="next" href="class_data_members.html">
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<body>
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<table width="100%" height="48" border="0" cellspacing="2">
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<tr>
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<td><img src="theme/c%2B%2Bboost.gif">
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</td>
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<td width="85%">
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<font size="6" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>Constructors</b></font>
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</table>
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<br>
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<table border="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="30"><a href="../index.html"><img src="theme/u_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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<td width="30"><a href="exposing_classes.html"><img src="theme/l_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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<td width="20"><a href="class_data_members.html"><img src="theme/r_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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<p>
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Our previous example didn't have any explicit constructors.
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Since <tt>World</tt> is declared as a plain struct, it has an implicit default
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constructor. Boost.Python exposes the default constructor by default,
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which is why we were able to write</p>
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<code><pre>
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<span class=special>>>> </span><span class=identifier>planet </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>hello</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>()
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</span></pre></code>
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<p>
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We may wish to wrap a class with a non-default constructor. Let us
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build on our previous example:</p>
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<code><pre>
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<span class=keyword>struct </span><span class=identifier>World
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</span><span class=special>{
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</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>): </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>) </span><span class=special>{} </span><span class=comment>// added constructor
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</span><span class=keyword>void </span><span class=identifier>set</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>) </span><span class=special>{ </span><span class=keyword>this</span><span class=special>-></span><span class=identifier>msg </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>; </span><span class=special>}
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</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string </span><span class=identifier>greet</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=special>{ </span><span class=keyword>return </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>; </span><span class=special>}
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</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string </span><span class=identifier>msg</span><span class=special>;
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</span><span class=special>};
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</span></pre></code>
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<p>
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This time <tt>World</tt> has no default constructor; our previous
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wrapping code would fail to compile when the library tried to expose
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it. We have to tell <tt>class_<World></tt> about the constructor we want to
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expose instead.</p>
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<code><pre>
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<span class=preprocessor>#include </span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>/</span><span class=identifier>python</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>hpp</span><span class=special>>
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</span><span class=keyword>using </span><span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>python</span><span class=special>;
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</span><span class=identifier>BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>hello</span><span class=special>)
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</span><span class=special>{
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</span><span class=identifier>class_</span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>>(</span><span class=string>"World"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>init</span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string</span><span class=special>>())
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</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>def</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=string>"greet"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=special>&</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>greet</span><span class=special>)
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</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>def</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=string>"set"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=special>&</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>set</span><span class=special>)
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</span><span class=special>;
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</span><span class=special>}
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</span></pre></code>
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<p>
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<tt>init<std::string>()</tt> exposes the constructor taking in a
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<tt>std::string</tt> (in Python, constructors are spelled
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"<tt>__init__(...)</tt>").</p>
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<p>
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We can expose additional constructors by passing more <tt>init<...></tt>s to
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the <tt>def()</tt> member function. Say for example we have another World
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constructor taking in two doubles:</p>
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<code><pre>
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<span class=identifier>class_</span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>>(</span><span class=string>"World"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>init</span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string</span><span class=special>>())
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</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>def</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>init</span><span class=special><</span><span class=keyword>double</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>double</span><span class=special>>())
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</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>def</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=string>"greet"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=special>&</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>greet</span><span class=special>)
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</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>def</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=string>"set"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=special>&</span><span class=identifier>World</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>set</span><span class=special>)
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</span><span class=special>;
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</span></pre></code>
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<p>
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On the other hand, if we do not wish to expose any constructors at
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all, we may use <tt>no_init</tt> instead:</p>
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<code><pre>
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<span class=identifier>class_</span><span class=special><</span><span class=identifier>Abstract</span><span class=special>>(</span><span class=string>"Abstract"</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>no_init</span><span class=special>)
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</span></pre></code>
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<p>
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This actually adds an <tt>__init__</tt> method which always raises a
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Python RuntimeError exception.</p>
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<table border="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="30"><a href="../index.html"><img src="theme/u_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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<td width="30"><a href="exposing_classes.html"><img src="theme/l_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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<td width="20"><a href="class_data_members.html"><img src="theme/r_arr.gif" border="0"></a></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br>
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<hr size="1"><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2002 David Abrahams<br>Copyright © 2002 Joel de Guzman<br><br>
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<font size="2">Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this document
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is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies. This document
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is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with
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no claim as to its suitability for any purpose. </font> </p>
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</body>
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</html>
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