diff --git a/doc/Jamfile b/doc/Jamfile index f6ca225d..9b7c8841 100644 --- a/doc/Jamfile +++ b/doc/Jamfile @@ -19,7 +19,5 @@ for local b in $(bases) ; } -exe tst : tst.cpp ; - alias htmls : $(bases) ; stage . : $(bases) ; diff --git a/doc/building.html b/doc/building.html index 80978640..a7f36e5c 100644 --- a/doc/building.html +++ b/doc/building.html @@ -9,55 +9,55 @@
-

Boost.Python Build and Test HOWTO

+

Boost.Python Build and Test HOWTO

-
-

Contents

+ -
-

1   Requirements

-

Boost.Python requires Python 2.21 or newer.

+
+

1   Requirements

+

Boost.Python requires Python 2.21 or newer.

-
-

2   Background

+
+

2   Background

There are two basic models for combining C++ and Python:

    -
  • extending, in which the end-user launches the Python interpreter +
  • extending, in which the end-user launches the Python interpreter executable and imports Python “extension modules” written in C++. Think of taking a library written in C++ and giving it a Python interface so Python programmers can use it. From Python, these modules look just like regular Python modules.
    • -
  • embedding, in which the end-user launches a program written +
  • embedding, in which the end-user launches a program written in C++ that in turn invokes the Python interpreter as a library subroutine. Think of adding scriptability to an existing application.
    • @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ application.

    The key distinction between extending and embedding is the location of the C++ main() function: in the Python interpreter executable, or in some other program, respectively. Note that even when -embedding Python in another program, extension modules are often +embedding Python in another program, extension modules are often the best way to make C/C++ functionality accessible to Python code, so the use of extension modules is really at the heart of both models.

    @@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ dynamically-loaded libraries with a single entry point, which means you can change them without rebuilding either the other extension modules or the executable containing main().

-
-

3   No-Install Quickstart

+
+

3   No-Install Quickstart

There is no need to “install Boost” in order to get started using -Boost.Python. These instructions use Boost.Build projects, +Boost.Python. These instructions use Boost.Build projects, which will build those binaries as soon as they're needed. Your first tests may take a little longer while you wait for Boost.Python to build, but doing things this way will save you from @@ -105,20 +105,20 @@ you can see what your alternate build system needs to do.

-
-

3.1   Basic Procedure

+
+

3.1   Basic Procedure

    -

  1. Get Boost; see sections 1 and 2 [Unix/Linux, Windows] of the -Boost Getting Started Guide.

    +

  2. Get Boost; see sections 1 and 2 [Unix/Linux, Windows] of the +Boost Getting Started Guide.

    3. -

  3. Get the bjam build driver. See section 5 [Unix/Linux, -Windows] of the Boost Getting Started Guide.

    +

  4. Get the bjam build driver. See section 5 [Unix/Linux, +Windows] of the Boost Getting Started Guide.

  5. cd into the libs/python/example/quickstart/ directory of your Boost installation, which contains a small example project.

  6. Invoke bjam. Replace the “stage“ argument from the -example invocation from section 5 of the Getting Started +example invocation from section 5 of the Getting Started Guide with “test,“ to build all the test targets. Also add the argument “--verbose-test” to see the output generated by the tests when they are run.

    @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ C:\boost_1_34_0\…\quickstart> bjam toolset=msvc --verbose-test test

    For the sake of concision, the rest of this guide will use unix-style forward slashes in pathnames instead of the backslashes with which you may be more familiar. The forward -slashes should work everywhere except in Command Prompt +slashes should work everywhere except in Command Prompt windows, where you should use backslashes.

If you followed this procedure successfully, you will have built an @@ -146,55 +146,55 @@ Python script called test_extendi built and run a simple application called embedding that embeds python.

-
-

3.2   In Case of Trouble

+
+

3.2   In Case of Trouble

If you're seeing lots of compiler and/or linker error messages, it's probably because Boost.Build is having trouble finding your Python installation. You might want to pass the --debug-configuration option to bjam the first few times you invoke it, to make sure that Boost.Build is correctly locating all the parts of your Python installation. If it isn't, consider -Configuring Boost.Build as detailed below.

+Configuring Boost.Build as detailed below.

If you're still having trouble, Someone on one of the following mailing lists may be able to help:

-
-

3.3   In Case Everything Seemed to Work

+
+

3.3   In Case Everything Seemed to Work

Rejoice! If you're new to Boost.Python, at this point it might be a good idea to ignore build issues for a while and concentrate on -learning the library by going through the tutorial and perhaps -some of the reference documentation, trying out what you've +learning the library by going through the tutorial and perhaps +some of the reference documentation, trying out what you've learned about the API by modifying the quickstart project.

-
-

3.4   Modifying the Example Project

+
+

3.4   Modifying the Example Project

If you're content to keep your extension module forever in one -source file called extending.cpp, inside your Boost +source file called extending.cpp, inside your Boost distribution, and import it forever as extending, then you can stop here. However, it's likely that you will want to make a few changes. There are a few things you can do without having to learn -Boost.Build in depth.

+Boost.Build in depth.

The project you just built is specified in two files in the current -directory: boost-build.jam, which tells bjam where it can +directory: boost-build.jam, which tells bjam where it can find the interpreted code of the Boost build system, and -Jamroot, which describes the targets you just built. These +Jamroot, which describes the targets you just built. These files are heavily commented, so they should be easy to modify. Take care, however, to preserve whitespace. Punctuation such as ; will not be recognized as intended by bjam if it is not surrounded by whitespace.

-
-

Relocate the Project

+
+

Relocate the Project

You'll probably want to copy this project elsewhere so you can change it without modifying your Boost distribution. To do that, simply

  1. copy the entire libs/python/example/quickstart/ directory into a new directory.
    2. -
  2. In the new copies of boost-build.jam and Jamroot, locate +
  3. In the new copies of boost-build.jam and Jamroot, locate the relative path near the top of the file that is clearly marked by a comment, and edit that path so that it refers to the same directory your Boost distribution as it referred to when @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ the file was in its original location in the

    For example, if you moved the project from /home/dave/boost_1_34_0/libs/python/example/quickstart to /home/dave/my-project, you could change the first path in -boost-build.jam from

    +boost-build.jam from

     ../../../../tools/build/v2
    @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ the file was in its original location in the 
     /home/dave/boost_1_34_0/tools/build/v2
    -

    and change the first path in Jamroot from

    +

    and change the first path in Jamroot from

     ../../../..
    @@ -221,28 +221,28 @@ the file was in its original location in the /home/dave/boost_1_34_0
-
-

Add New or Change Names of Existing Source Files

+
+

Add New or Change Names of Existing Source Files

The names of additional source files involved in building your extension module or embedding application can be listed in -Jamroot right alongside extending.cpp or embedding.cpp +Jamroot right alongside extending.cpp or embedding.cpp respectively. Just be sure to leave whitespace around each filename:

 … file1.cpp file2.cpp file3.cpp …

Naturally, if you want to change the name of a source file you can -tell Boost.Build about it by editing the name in Jamroot.

+tell Boost.Build about it by editing the name in Jamroot.

-
-

Change the Name of your Extension Module

+
+

Change the Name of your Extension Module

The name of the extension module is determined by two things:

    -
  1. the name in Jamroot immediately following python-extension, and
    2. -
  2. the name passed to BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE in extending.cpp.
    3. +
  3. the name in Jamroot immediately following python-extension, and
    4. +
  4. the name passed to BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE in extending.cpp.

To change the name of the extension module from extending to -hello, you'd edit Jamroot, changing

+hello, you'd edit Jamroot, changing

 python-extension extending : extending.cpp ;
@@ -261,13 +261,13 @@ BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(hello)
-
-

4   Installing Boost.Python on your System

+
+

4   Installing Boost.Python on your System

Since Boost.Python is a separately-compiled (as opposed to -header-only) library, its user relies on the services of a +header-only) library, its user relies on the services of a Boost.Python library binary.

If you need a regular installation of the Boost.Python library -binaries on your system, the Boost Getting Started Guide will +binaries on your system, the Boost Getting Started Guide will walk you through the steps of creating one. If building binaries from source, you might want to supply the --with-python argument to bjam (or the --with-libraries=python argument @@ -275,17 +275,17 @@ to configure), so onl rather than all the Boost binaries.

Windows Users: No Auto-Link Support

-

Boost.Python does not yet support the auto-link feature, so if -you're not using the quickstart method, you'll have to pay +

Boost.Python does not yet support the auto-link feature, so if +you're not using the quickstart method, you'll have to pay attention to the names of generated libraries and add extra link -arguments not shown in the Getting Started Guide to select the +arguments not shown in the Getting Started Guide to select the right library.

-
-

5   Configuring Boost.Build

-

As described in the Boost.Build reference manual, a file called -user-config.jam in your home directory6 is used to +

+

5   Configuring Boost.Build

+

As described in the Boost.Build reference manual, a file called +user-config.jam in your home directory6 is used to specify the tools and libraries available to the build system. You may need to create or edit user-config.jam to tell Boost.Build how to invoke Python, #include its headers, and link with its @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ libraries.

Users of Unix-Variant OSes

If you are using a unix-variant OS and you ran Boost's configure script, it may have generated a -user-config.jam for you.4 If your configure/make sequence was successful and Boost.Python binaries +user-config.jam for you.4 If your configure/make sequence was successful and Boost.Python binaries were built, your user-config.jam file is probably already correct.

@@ -309,12 +309,12 @@ using python ;

which automatically looks for Python in the most likely places. However, that only happens when using the Boost.Python project file -(e.g. when referred to by another project as in the quickstart +(e.g. when referred to by another project as in the quickstart method). If instead you are linking against separately-compiled Boost.Python binaries, you should set up a user-config.jam file with at least the minimal incantation above.

-
-

5.1   Python Configuration Parameters

+
+

5.1   Python Configuration Parameters

If you have several versions of Python installed, or Python is installed in an unusual way, you may want to supply any or all of the following optional parameters to using python.

@@ -350,13 +350,13 @@ modules before the true filename extension. You almost certainly don't need to use this. Usually this suffix is only used when targeting a Windows debug build of Python, and will be set automatically for you based on the value of the -<python-debugging> feature. However, at least one Linux +<python-debugging> feature. However, at least one Linux distribution (Ubuntu Feisty Fawn) has a specially configured -python-dbg package that claims to use such a suffix. +python-dbg package that claims to use such a suffix.
-
-

5.2   Examples

+
+

5.2   Examples

Note that in the examples below, case and especially whitespace are significant.

    @@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ using python

  • If you have downloaded the Python sources and built both the -normal and the “python debugging” builds from source on +normal and the “python debugging” builds from source on Windows, you might see:

     using python : 2.5 : C:\\src\\Python-2.5\\PCBuild\\python ;
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ using python : 2.5 : C:\\src\\Python-2.5\\PCBuild\\python_d

  • You can set up your user-config.jam so a bjam built under Windows -can build/test both Windows and Cygwin python extensions. Just pass +can build/test both Windows and Cygwin python extensions. Just pass <target-os>cygwin in the condition parameter for the cygwin python installation:

    @@ -417,16 +417,16 @@ using python ;
 using python : : c:\\cygwin\\bin\\python2.5 : : : <target-os>cygwin ;

    when you put target-os=cygwin in your build request, it should build -with the cygwin version of python:5

    +with the cygwin version of python:5

    bjam target-os=cygwin toolset=gcc

    This is supposed to work the other way, too (targeting windows -python with a Cygwin bjam) but it seems as though the support in +python with a Cygwin bjam) but it seems as though the support in Boost.Build's toolsets for building that way is broken at the time of this writing.

    • -

  • Note that because of the way Boost.Build currently selects target +

  • Note that because of the way Boost.Build currently selects target alternatives, you might have be very explicit in your build requests. For example, given:

    @@ -445,35 +445,35 @@ bjam target-os=cygwin/python=2.4
-
-

6   Choosing a Boost.Python Library Binary

+
+

6   Choosing a Boost.Python Library Binary

If—instead of letting Boost.Build construct and link with the right libraries automatically—you choose to use a pre-built Boost.Python library, you'll need to think about which one to link with. The Boost.Python binary comes in both static and dynamic flavors. Take -care to choose the right flavor for your application.2

-
-

6.1   The Dynamic Binary

+care to choose the right flavor for your application.2

+
+

6.1   The Dynamic Binary

The dynamic library is the safest and most-versatile choice:

  • A single copy of the library code is used by all extension -modules built with a given toolset.3
    • +modules built with a given toolset.3
  • The library contains a type conversion registry. Because one registry is shared among all extension modules, instances of a class exposed to Python in one dynamically-loaded extension module can be passed to functions exposed in another such module.
-
-

6.2   The Static Binary

+
+

6.2   The Static Binary

It might be appropriate to use the static Boost.Python library in any of the following cases:

    -
  • You are extending python and the types exposed in your +
  • You are extending python and the types exposed in your dynamically-loaded extension module don't need to be used by any other Boost.Python extension modules, and you don't care if the core library code is duplicated among them.
    • -
  • You are embedding python in your application and either:
      +
    • You are embedding python in your application and either:
      • You are targeting a Unix variant OS other than MacOS or AIX, where the dynamically-loaded extension modules can “see” the Boost.Python library symbols that are part of the executable.
        • @@ -487,8 +487,8 @@ modules (and vice-versa).
-
-

7   #include Issues

+
+

7   #include Issues

  1. If you should ever have occasion to #include "python.h" directly in a translation unit of a program using Boost.Python, @@ -499,11 +499,11 @@ one of which is mentioned in the next section.
    2. wrap_python.hpp. This restriction is actually imposed by Python, or more properly, by Python's interaction with your operating system. See -http://docs.python.org/ext/simpleExample.html for details. +http://docs.python.org/ext/simpleExample.html for details.
-
-

8   Python Debugging Builds

+
+

8   Python Debugging Builds

Python can be built in a special “python debugging” configuration that adds extra checks and instrumentation that can be very useful for developers of extension modules. The data structures used by @@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ used with an extension module or library compiled without it, and vice-versa.

Since pre-built “python debugging” versions of the Python executable and libraries are not supplied with most distributions -of Python, [#get-debug-build] and we didn't want to force our users +of Python,7 and we didn't want to force our users to build them, Boost.Build does not automatically enable python debugging in its debug build variant (which is the default). Instead there is a special build property called @@ -533,27 +533,27 @@ is #included from boost/python/de sure BOOST_DEBUG_PYTHON is defined, or python debugging will be suppressed.

-
-

9   Testing Boost.Python

+
+

9   Testing Boost.Python

To run the full test suite for Boost.Python, invoke bjam in the libs/python/test subdirectory of your Boost distribution.

-
-

10   Notes for MinGW (and Cygwin with -mno-cygwin) GCC Users

+
+

10   Notes for MinGW (and Cygwin with -mno-cygwin) GCC Users

If you are using a version of Python prior to 2.4.1 with a MinGW prior to 3.0.0 (with binutils-2.13.90-20030111-1), you will need to create a MinGW-compatible version of the Python library; the one shipped with Python will only work with a Microsoft-compatible linker. Follow the instructions in the “Non-Microsoft” section of -the “Building Extensions: Tips And Tricks” chapter in Installing +the “Building Extensions: Tips And Tricks” chapter in Installing Python Modules to create libpythonXX.a, where XX corresponds to the major and minor version numbers of your Python installation.

- +
-
[1]Note that although we tested earlier versions of +
[1]Note that although we tested earlier versions of Boost.Python with Python 2.2, and we don't think we've done anything to break compatibility, this release of Boost.Python may not have been tested with versions of Python earlier than @@ -564,11 +564,11 @@ supported.
-
[2]

Information about how to identify the +

[2]

Information about how to identify the static and dynamic builds of Boost.Python:

Be sure to read this section even if your compiler supports auto-linking, as Boost.Python does not yet take advantage of @@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ that feature.

-
[3]Because of the way most *nix platforms +
[3]Because of the way most *nix platforms share symbols among dynamically-loaded objects, I'm not certain that extension modules built with different compiler toolsets will always use different copies of the Boost.Python library @@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ happens.
- @@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ happens.
[4]configure overwrites the existing +
[4]configure overwrites the existing user-config.jam in your home directory (if any) after making a backup of the old version.
- @@ -613,19 +613,19 @@ have a MinGW GCC installed.
[5]Note that the <target-os>cygwin feature is +
[5]Note that the <target-os>cygwin feature is different from the <flavor>cygwin subfeature of the gcc toolset, and you might need handle both explicitly if you also have a MinGW GCC installed.
-
[6]

Windows users, your home directory can be +

[6]

Windows users, your home directory can be found by typing:

 ECHO %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%
-

into a command prompt window.

+

into a command prompt window.
-
-View document source. -Generated on: 2007-05-04 00:01 UTC. -Generated by Docutils from reStructuredText source. +View document source. +Generated on: 2007-05-07 18:58 UTC. +Generated by Docutils from reStructuredText source.
diff --git a/doc/building.rst b/doc/building.rst index af15470e..6f4fd02a 100644 --- a/doc/building.rst +++ b/doc/building.rst @@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ vice-versa.** Since pre-built “python debugging” versions of the Python executable and libraries are not supplied with most distributions -of Python, [#get-debug-build] and we didn't want to force our users +of Python, [#get-debug-build]_ and we didn't want to force our users to build them, Boost.Build does not automatically enable python debugging in its ``debug`` build variant (which is the default). Instead there is a special build property called
[7]On Unix and similar platforms, a debugging +
[7]On Unix and similar platforms, a debugging python and associated libraries are built by adding --with-pydebug when configuring the Python build. On Windows, the debugging version of Python is generated by @@ -638,9 +638,9 @@ You may also find