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coroutine/doc/stack.qbk
Oliver Kowalke 3d578a9525 coroutine: initial commit
[SVN r81511]
2012-11-24 19:42:09 +00:00

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[/
Copyright Oliver Kowalke 2009.
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
]
[section:stack Stack allocation]
A __coro__ uses internally a __ctx__ which manages a set of registers and a stack.
The memory used by the stack is allocated/deallocated via a __stack_allocator__
which is required to model a __stack_allocator_concept__.
[heading __stack_allocator_concept__]
A __stack_allocator__ must satisfy the __stack_allocator_concept__ requirements
shown in the following table, in which `a` is an object of a
__stack_allocator__ type, `p` is a `void *`, and `s` is a `std::size_t`:
[table
[[expression][return type][notes]]
[
[`a.allocate( s)`]
[`void *`]
[returns a pointer to `s` bytes allocated from the stack]
]
[
[`a.deallocate( p, s)`]
[`void`]
[deallocates `s` bytes of memory beginning at `p`,
a pointer previously returned by `a.allocate()`]
]
]
[important The implementation of `allocate()` might include logic to protect
against exceeding the context's available stack size rather than leaving it as
undefined behaviour.]
[important Calling `deallocate()` with a pointer not returned by `allocate()`
results in undefined behaviour.]
[note The stack is not required to be aligned; alignment takes place inside
__coro__.]
[note Depending on the architecture `allocate()` returns an address from the
top of the stack (growing downwards) or the bottom of the stack (growing
upwards).]
[section:stack_allocator Class ['stack_allocator]]
__boost_coroutine__ provides the class __coro_allocator__ which models
the __stack_allocator_concept__.
It appends a guard page at the end of each stack to protect against exceeding
the stack. If the guard page is accessed (read or write operation) a
segmentation fault/access violation is generated by the operating system.
[note The appended `guard page` is [*not] mapped to physical memory, only
virtual addresses are used.]
class stack_allocator
{
static bool is_stack_unbound();
static std::size_t maximum_stacksize();
static std::size_t default_stacksize();
static std::size_t minimum_stacksize();
void * allocate( std::size_t size);
void deallocate( void * sp, std::size_t size);
}
[heading `static bool is_stack_unbound()`]
[variablelist
[[Returns:] [Returns `true` if the environment defines no limit for the size of a stack.]]
]
[heading `static std::size_t maximum_stacksize()`]
[variablelist
[[Preconditions:] [`is_stack_unbound()` returns `false`.]]
[[Returns:] [Returns the maximum size in bytes of stack defined by the environment.]]
]
[heading `static std::size_t default_stacksize()`]
[variablelist
[[Returns:] [Returns a default stack size, which may be platform specific.
If the stack is unbound then the present implementation returns the maximum of
`64 kB` and `minimum_stacksize()`.]]
]
[heading `static std::size_t minimum_stacksize()`]
[variablelist
[[Returns:] [Returns the minimum size in bytes of stack defined by the
environment (Win32 4kB/Win64 8kB, defined by rlimit on POSIX).]]
]
[heading `void * allocate( std::size_t size)`]
[variablelist
[[Preconditions:] [`minimum_stacksize() > size` and
`! is_stack_unbound() && ( maximum_stacksize() < size)`.]]
[[Effects:] [Allocates memory of `size` Bytes and appends one guard page at the
end of the allocated memory.]]
[[Returns:] [Returns pointer to the start address of the new stack. Depending
on the architecture the stack grows downwards/upwards the returned address is
the highest/lowest address of the stack.]]
]
[heading `void deallocate( void * sp, std::size_t size)`]
[variablelist
[[Preconditions:] [`sp` is valid, `minimum_stacksize() > size` and
`! is_stack_unbound() && ( maximum_stacksize() < size)`.]]
[[Effects:] [Deallocates the stack space.]]
]
[endsect]
[endsect]