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<title>A testing system for Boost.Build</title>
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<p><a href="../../../index.htm"><img class="banner" height="86" width=
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"277" alt="C++ Boost" src="../../../c++boost.gif"></a></p>
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<h1>A testing system for Boost.Build<br class="clear">
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</h1>
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<hr>
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<dl class="page-index">
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<dt><a href="#sec-intro">Introduction and examples</a></dt>
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<dd>
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<dl class="page-index">
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<dt><a href="#sec-intro-changing">Changing the working
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directory</a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#sec-intro-examining">Examining the working directory
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and changing it</a></dt>
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</dl>
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</dd>
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<dt><a href="#sec-reference">Reference documentation</a></dt>
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<dd>
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<dl class="page-index">
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<dt><a href="#method-__init__">Method __init__</a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-set_tree">Method <tt>set_tree</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-write">Method <tt>write</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-copy">Method <tt>copy</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-touch">Method <tt>touch</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-run_build_system">Method
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<tt>run_build_system</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#method-read">Method <tt>read</tt></a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#methods-expectations">Methods for declaring
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expectations</a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#methods-ignoring">Methods for ignoring
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changes</a></dt>
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<dt><a href="#class-list">Helper class <tt>List</tt></a></dt>
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</dl>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="sec-intro">Introduction and examples</a></h2>
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<p>The testing system for Boost.Build is derived from the
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<tt>TestCmd</tt> Python module used for testing the <a href=
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"http://www.scons.org">Scons</a> build tools. The changes are very few,
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and I hope that some of them may be adopted by <tt>TestCmd</tt> in
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future.</p>
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<p>Unfortunately, there are not documentation for <tt>TestCmd</tt>, apart
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from the comments in code, so the most essential base methods will be
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described here.</p>
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<p>The basic steps of testing a build system behaviour are:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Setting the initial working directory state</li>
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<li>
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Running the build system and checking:
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<ol>
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<li>generated output,</li>
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<li>changes made to the working directory,</li>
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<li>new content of the working directory.</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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<li>Adding, removing or touching files, or changing their content and
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then repeating the previous step, until satisfied.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>Prior to using the test system, make sure you have checked out the
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Boost CVS and have successfully build Jam -- which means that
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<tt>bjam</tt> executable is available.</p>
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<p>For example, suppose that you've placed under
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<tt>tools/build/test</tt> a file <tt>test1.py</tt> and a subdirectory
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<tt>test1</tt> with files <tt>foo.cpp</tt>, <tt>Jamfile</tt> and
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<tt>Jamrules</tt>. A definition of function <tt>main</tt> is the only
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content of <tt>foo.cpp</tt>, <tt>Jamfile</tt> builds an executable
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<tt>foo</tt> from <tt>foo.cpp</tt> and <tt>Jamrules</tt> is empty.
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Finally, <tt>test1.py</tt> contains:</p>
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<pre class="code">
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from BoostBuild import Tester, List
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# Create a temporary working directory
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t = Tester()
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# Make content of the working directory equal to the content of the 'test1' directory.
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t.set_tree('test1')
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# Invoke 'bjam -sTOOLS=borland' and record which changes were made
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t.run_build_system("-sTOOLS=borland")
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# First, create a list of three pathnames
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file_list = List("bin/foo/borland/debug/runtime-link-dynamic/foo") * List(".exe .obj")
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# Second, assert that those files were added as result of the last build system invocation.
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t.expect_addition(file_list)
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# Invoke the build system once again
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t.run_build_system("clean")
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# Check if the files added previously were removed.
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t.expect_removal(t.mul("bin/foo/borland/debug/runtime-link-dynamic/foo", [".exe", ".obj", ".tds"]))
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</pre>
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<p>This is all needed for a minimal test (and to find a bug in the
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borland toolset!). Running the <tt>test1.py</tt> gives the following
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output:</p>
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<pre class="output">
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File bin/foo/borland/debug/runtime-link-dynamic/foo.tds not removed as expected
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FAILED test of D:\MyDocu~1\Work\build\boost-build\boost-build -d0
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at line 144 of TestBoostBuild.py (expect_removal)
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from line 12 of test1.py
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</pre>
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<p>Overview of the most important methods of class
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<tt>TestBoostBuild</tt> follows.</p>
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<h3><a name="sec-intro-changing">Changing the working directory</a></h3>
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<p>The class <tt>TestBoostBuild</tt> creates a temporary directory in its
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constructor and changes to that directory. It can be modified by calling
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these methods:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><tt>set_tree</tt> -- sets the content of the working directory to
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be equal to the content of the specified directory.</li>
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<li><tt>write</tt> -- sets the content of file in a working
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directory</li>
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<li><tt>touch</tt> -- changes the modification times of a file</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a name="sec-intro-examining">Examining the working directory and
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changing it</a></h3>
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<p>The method <tt>read</tt>, inherited from the <tt>TestCmd</tt> class,
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can be used to read any file in the working directory and check its
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content. <tt>TestBoostBuild</tt> adds another method for tracking
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changes. Whenever build system is run (via <tt>run_build_system</tt>),
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the state of working dir before and after running is recorded. In
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addition, difference between the two states -- i.e. lists of files that
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were added, removed, modified or touched -- is stored in two member
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variables, <tt>tree_difference</tt> and
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<tt>unexpected_difference</tt>.</p>
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<p>After than, the test author may specify that some change is expected,
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for example, by calling <tt>expect_addition("foo")</tt>. This call will
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check if the file was indeed added, and if so, will remove its name from
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the list of added files in <tt>unexpected_difference</tt>. Likewise, it's
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possible to specify that some changes are not interesting, for example a
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call <tt>ignore("*.obj")</tt> will just remove every files with ".obj"
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extension from <tt>unexpected_difference</tt>.</p>
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<p>When test has finished with expectations and ignoring, the member
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<tt>unexpected_difference</tt> will contain the list of all changes not
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yet accounted for. It is possible to assure that this list is empty by
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calling <tt>expect_nothing_more</tt> member function.</p>
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<h2><a name="sec-reference">Reference documentation</a></h2>
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<p>The test system is composed of class <tt>Tester</tt>, derived form
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<tt>TestCmd.TestCmd</tt>, and helper class <tt>List</tt>. The methods of
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<tt>Tester</tt>, and the class <tt>List</tt> are described below.</p>
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<p>The documentation frequently refer to filename. In all cases, files
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are specified in unix style: a sequence of components, separated by "/".
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This is true on all platforms. In some contexts, a list of files is
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allowed. In that case any object with sequence interface is allowed.</p>
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<h3><a name="method-__init__">Method <tt>__init__(self,
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arguments='', executable='bjam')</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<ol>
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<li>Remembers the current working directory in member
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<tt>original_workdir</tt>.</li>
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<li>Determines the location of executable (<code>bjam</code> by
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default) and build system files, assuming that the current
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directory is <tt>tools/build/test</tt>. Formulates jam
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invocation command, which will include explicit setting for
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<tt>BOOST_BUILD_PATH</tt> variable and arguments passed to this
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methods, if any. This command will be used by subsequent
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invocation of <a href=
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"#method-run_build_system"><tt>run_build_system</tt></a>. Finally,
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initializes the base class.</li>
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<li>Changes current working dir to the temporary working directory
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created by the base constructor.</li>
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</ol>
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<h3><a name="method-set_tree">Method <tt>set_tree(self,
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tree_location)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<p>Replaces the content of the current working directory with the content
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of directory at <tt>tree_location</tt>. If <tt>tree_location</tt> is not
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absolute pathname, it will be treated as relative to
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<tt>self.original_workdir</tt>. This methods also explicitly makes the
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copied files writeable.</p>
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<h3><a name="method-write">Method <tt>write(self, name,
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content)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<p>Writes the specified content to the file given by <tt>name</tt> under
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the temporary working directory. If the file already exists, it is
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overwritten. Any required directories are automatically created.</p>
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<h3><a name="method-copy">Method <tt>copy(self, src, dst)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<p>Equvivalent to <tt>self.write(self.read(src), dst)</tt>.</p>
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<h3><a name="method-touch">Method <tt>touch(self, names)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<p>Sets the access and modification times for all files in <tt>names</tt>
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to the current time. All the elements in <tt>names</tt> should be
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relative paths.</p>
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<h3><a name="method-run_build_system">Method
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<tt>run_build_system(self, subdir='', extra_args='', stdout=None,
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stderr='', status=0,
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**kw)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<ol>
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<li>Stores the state of the working directory in
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<tt>self.previous_tree</tt>.</li>
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<li>Changes to <tt>subdir</tt>, if it is specified. If it is not
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absolute path, it is relative to the working dir.</li>
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<li>Invokes the <tt>bjam</tt> executable, passing <tt>extra_args</tt>
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to it. The binary should be located under
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<tt><test_invocation_dir>/../jam_src/bin.<platform></tt>.
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This is to make sure tests use the version of jam build from CVS.</li>
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<li>Compares the stdout, stderr and exit status of build system
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invocation with values to appropriate parameters, if they are not
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<tt>None</tt>. If any difference is found, the test fails.</li>
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<li>
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<p>Stores the new state of the working directory in
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<tt>self.tree</tt>. Computes the difference between previous and
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current trees and store them in variables
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<tt>self.tree_difference</tt> and
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<tt>self.unexpected_difference</tt>.</p>
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<p>Both variables are instances of class
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<tt>tree.Trees_different</tt>, which have four attributes:
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<tt>added_files</tt>, <tt>removed_files</tt>, <tt>modified_files</tt>
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and <tt>touched_files</tt>. Each is a list of strings.</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<h3><a name="method-read">Method <tt>read(self, name)</tt></a></h3>
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<p><b>Effects:</b></p>
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<p>Read the specified file and returns it content. Raises an exception is
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the file is absent.</p>
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<h3><a name="methods-expectations">Methods for declaring
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expectations</a></h3>
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<p>Accordingly to the number of changes kinds that are detected, there
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are four methods that specify that test author expects a specific change
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to occur. They check <tt>self.unexpected_difference</tt>, and if the
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change is present there, it is removed. Otherwise, test fails.</p>
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<p>Each method accepts a list of names. Those names are always
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unix-style, even on other systems.</p>
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<p><b>Note:</b> The <tt>List</tt> helper class might be useful to create
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lists of names.</p>
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<p><b>Note:</b> The file content can be examined using
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<tt>TestCmd.read</tt> function.</p>
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<p>The members are:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>expect_addition</li>
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<li>expect_removal</li>
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<li>expect_modification</li>
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<li>expect_touch</li>
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<li>expect_nothing</li>
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</ul>
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<p>There's also a member <tt>expect_nothing_more</tt>, which checks that
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all the changes are either expected or ignored, in other words that
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<tt>unexpected_difference</tt> is empty by now.</p>
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<h3><a name="methods-ignoring">Methods for ignoring changes</a></h3>
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<p>There are five methods which ignore changes made to the working tree.
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They silently remove elements from <tt>self.unexpected_difference</tt>,
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and don't generate error if element is not found. They accept shell style
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wildcard.</p>
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<p>The following methods correspond to four kinds of changes:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>ignore_addition(self, wildcard)</li>
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<li>ignore_removal(self, wildcard)</li>
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<li>ignore_modification(self, wildcard)</li>
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<li>ignore_touch(self, wilcard)</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The method <tt>ignore(self, wildcard)</tt> ignores all the changes
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made to files that match a wildcard.</p>
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<h3><a name="class-list">Helper class <tt>List</tt></a></h3>
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The class has sequence interface and two additional methods.
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<h4>Method <tt>__init__(self, string)</tt></h4>
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<p><b>Effects:</b> Splits the string on unescaped spaces and tabs. The
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split components can further be retrieved using standard sequence
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access.</p>
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<h4>Method <tt>__mul__(self, other)</tt></h4>
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<p><b>Effects:</b> Returns an <tt>List</tt> instance, which elements are
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all possible concatenations of two string, first of which is from
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<tt>self</tt>, and second of which is from <tt>other</tt>.</p>
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<p>The class also defines <tt>__str__</tt> and <tt>__repr__</tt> methods.
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Finally, there's <tt>__coerce__</tt> method which allows to convert
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strings to instances of <tt>List</tt>.</p>
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<p><b>Example:</b></p>
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<pre>
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l = "a b" * List("c d")
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for e in l:
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print e
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</pre>
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<p>will output</p>
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<pre>
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ac
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ad
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bc
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bd
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<p class="revision">Last modified: May 5, 2002</p>
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<p>© Copyright Vladimir Prus 2002. Permission to copy, use, modify,
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sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
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notice appears in all copies. This document is provided ``as is'' without
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express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
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any purpose.</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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